Conclusion: As a novel prognostic index, the pretreatment ALI < 24.2 appeared to be strongly associated with significantly diminished survival outcomes in LA-NPC patients treated with C-CRT independent of the universally recognized T- and N-stages. PMID: 33082783 [PubMed] (Source: Journal of Oncology)
Conclusion: This study is the first to show the important role of stemness-related genes in the prognosis of BC. However, future clinical trials are needed to confirm these results and promote the application of these key genes in prognosis evaluation. PMID: 33082784 [PubMed] (Source: Journal of Oncology)
Authors: Chen J, Guo X, Zeng G, Liu J, Zhao B Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS), a malignant primary bone tumor often seen in young adults, is highly aggressive. The improvements in high-throughput technologies have accelerated the identification of various prognostic biomarkers for cancer survival prediction. However, only few studies focus on the prediction of prognosis in OS patients using gene expression data due to small sample size and the lack of public datasets. In the present study, the...
This study is aimed at providing a medical decision support system based on soft computing using fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) which will help healthcare professionals to decide on an appropriate individual healthcare strategy based on the risk level of the disease. FCMs are considered as one of the strongest artificial intelligence techniques for complex system modeling. In this system, an FCM based on Nonlinear Hebbian Learning (NHL) algorithm is used. The data used in this study are collected from...
Texture Feature-Based Classification on Transrectal Ultrasound Image for Prostatic Cancer Detection.
Authors: Huang X, Chen M, Liu P, Du Y Abstract Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Early detection of prostate cancer is the key to successful treatment. Ultrasound imaging is one of the most suitable methods for the early detection of prostate cancer. Although ultrasound images can show cancer lesions, subjective interpretation is not accurate. Therefore, this paper proposes a transrectal ultrasound image analysis method, aiming at characterizing prostate tissue through...
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Human cancers contain genetic mutations that are unique to each patient. Some of the mutated peptides are immunogenic, can be recognized by T cells, and therefore, may serve as therapeutic targets.Scientists at the National Cancer Institute'sSurgery Branch developed a method to identify T cells that specifically recognize immunogenic mutations expressed only by cancer cells. The scientists identified cancer-specific mutations from a patient with widely metastatic cholangiocarcinoma by sequencing...
Regulatory B-cells (Breg) play an important role in reducing autoimmunity and reduced levels of these cells are implicated in etiology of several auto-inflammatory diseases. Despite their impact in many diseases, their physiological inducers are unknown. Given that Bregs are a very rare B-cell, identifying factors that promote their development would allow in vivo modulation of Breg levels and ex-vivo production of large amounts of antigen-specific Bregs to use in immunotherapy for auto-inflammatory...
The most effective strategy for cervical cancer prevention involves vaccination to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections during adolescence followed by screening to detect HPV infections during adulthood. HPV vaccination before sexual debut can prevent HPV infections, precancers, and cancers. HPV vaccination of sexually active populations does not prevent cancer. Screening with HPV testing is the most effective method of detecting precancers and cancers between ages 25 and 65. Ensuring adequate...
Colorectal cancer screening is essential to detect and remove premalignant lesions to prevent the development of colorectal cancer. Multiple screening modalities are available, including colonoscopy and stool-based testing. Colonoscopy remains the gold standard for detection and removal of premalignant colorectal lesions. Screening guidelines by the American Cancer Society now recommend initiating screening for all average-risk adults at 45 years old. Family history of colorectal cancer, other cancers,...
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Medical Clinics of North America)
Clinicians and the public have always depended on expert advice to guide clinical practice. However, since the 1970s, a growing emphasis on evidence-based medicine has led to clinical practice guidelines being less expert based and increasingly evidence based and judgments about the balance between the two. Because the existence of standards for guidelines development is no guarantee that a guideline will be trustworthy, tools and instruments have been developed to measure the degree to which a guideline...
Screening for cancer has contributed to substantial reductions in death from several cancers and is one of the most cost-effective preventive interventions in all of health care. In the United States, primary care clinicians, their clinical teams, and the systems in which they work are primarily responsible for ensuring that screening occurs. In order to achieve the highest possible population-wide screening rates, primary care clinicians must embrace the responsibility to screen their entire enrolled...
In this update on cancer screening, it is sobering to realize that the first comprehensive evaluation of cancer screening guidelines took place 40 years ago when the American Cancer Society (ACS) commissioned Dr David Eddy and his colleagues to apply the principles of evidence-based medicine to the ACS ’ recommendations for the early detection of cancer.1 Shortly thereafter in 1984, the US Preventive Services Task Force was commissioned and charged with bringing evidence-based medicine to the evaluation...
Among women, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence regarding breast cancer screening for average-risk women. The review primarily focuses on mammographic screening but also reviews clinical breast examinations, emerging screening technologies, and opportunities to build consensus. Wherever possible, the review relies on published systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines...
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2020Source: Pathology - Research and PracticeAuthor(s): Tingjuan Xu, Guodong Shen, Min Cheng, Xinchun Wu, Yayuan Xu, Shilian Hu (Source: Pathology Research and Practice)
Publication date: Available online 21 October 2020Source: Pathology - Research and PracticeAuthor(s): Rongrong Jing, Sinan Liu, Yun Jiang, Wei Zong, Shaoqing Ju, Ming Cui (Source: Pathology Research and Practice)
CONCLUSIONS: Pazopanib is likely to represent a cost-effective treatment option compared with sunitinib as a first-line treatment for patients with metastatic RCC in Italy. PMID: 33079593 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Economics)
Authors: Ramsey SD, Adamson BJ, Wang X, Bargo D, Baxi SS, Ghosh S, Meropol NJ Abstract Electronic health records (EHRs) can define real world patient populations with high levels of clinical specificity, potentially addressing some of the shortcomings of other types of real world data (RWD) when informing decisions about the comparative effectiveness of medical technologies. An important but under-recognized concern for EHR-derived RWD, however, is that the rich clinical data permits creation...
CONCLUSIONS: The negative correlation between HRQoL and indirect costs among patients with cancer emphasized the needs to improve health outcomes and reduce indirect costs of patients. The factors associated with cancer burden identified in this study provide insights to allow targeted intervention to improve HRQoL and lessen the WPAI and indirect cost among cancer patients in Japan. PMID: 33074747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Economics)
CONCLUSIONS: This cost-utility analysis showed that, relative to BSC, SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres would be a cost-effective treatment option for patients with mCRC in the UK setting from the national healthcare payer perspective. PMID: 33084466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Economics)
Publication date: Available online 21 October 2020Source: Gynecologic Oncology ReportsAuthor(s): Jessica M. Gillen, Sarah C. Grimes, Kathleen G. Essel, Grace E. Duininck, Daniel Zhao, John S. Thompson, Debra L. Richardson (Source: Gynecologic Oncology Reports)
Publication date: Available online 21 October 2020Source: Gynecologic Oncology ReportsAuthor(s): Hannah K. Moran, Joanna Veazey Brooks, Lori Spoozak (Source: Gynecologic Oncology Reports)
Authors: Cong B, Zhang Q, Cao X Abstract TET2, a member of ten-eleven translocation (TET) family as α-ketoglutarate- and Fe2+-dependent dioxygenase catalyzing the iterative oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), has been widely recognized to be an important regulator for normal hematopoiesis especially myelopoiesis. Mutation and dysregulation of TET2 contribute to the development of multiple hematological malignancies. Recent studies reveal that TET2 also plays an important role in innate...
Authors: Pei LJ, Sun PJ, Ma K, Guo YY, Wang LY, Liu FD Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) remains poor prognosis and survival issues due to the resistance of chemotherapies, such as cisplatin. The long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (lncRNA-SNHG7) is known as an oncogenic molecule in diverse cancers. Here, we demonstrate that SNHG7 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer and positively correlated with cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells that SNHG7 was significantly...
We report an exceedingly rare case of blastoid MCL that is prone to be misdiagnosed as tonsillitis. We review the literature and discuss tr eatment options of this uncommon malignancy. (Source: Head and Neck Pathology)
ConclusionsIn human PTC, M2 macrophages, Tregs, monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, MCs, and M0 macrophages appear to play a tumor-promoting role, while M1 macrophages, CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and T follicular helper (TFH) cells (including eosinophils, γδ T cells, and Th17 cells with weak supporting evidence) appear to play an antitumor role. During the occurrence and development of PTC, the overall immune level was increased, and the abundance and proportion of tumor-promoting immune cells were...
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): Susan Bal, Heather J. Landau (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): Sandy W. Wong, Teresa Fogaren (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): Angela Dispenzieri, Giampaolo Merlini (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): Raymond L. Comenzo (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
Publication date: December 2020Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, Volume 34, Issue 6Author(s): (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
The diagnosis of Barrett ’s esophageal adenocarcinoma (BEA) in patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE) using endoscopy can be difficult and there are few specific endoscopic findings for BEA. However, white globe appearance (WGA) has been reported to be a specific endoscopic finding for early gastric cancer. We encounter ed a 51-year-old male patient with BEA exhibiting WGA. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy identified a red, depressed lesion of 10 mm within the long-segment BE (LSBE), while magnifying endoscopy...
ConclusionDecidualization of an ovarian endometrioma can lead sometimes to unexpected complications. The decision to provide surgery must be made with caution without delaying treatment in the event of a deep suspicion of malignancy and/or complication. The particular and exceptional complication discovered in our patient is the fistulization to the sigmoid. (Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports)
ConclusionsGender is associated with differences in clinical presentation and complications of influenza A virus infection. Women with acute heart failure or aged > 75 years have an increased risk of influenza associated in-hospital mortality, while ICU admission and any malignancy are predictors for male patients. Mortality rates in patients > 75 years are 5–10 times higher compared to their non-hospitalized influenza-negative Austrian counterparts. (Source: Infection)
& Amis: Differences in outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between countries have been largely attributed to variation in the conduct of surveillance and subsequent HCC treatment eligibility. However, differences in outcomes among those detected under surveillance have not been well described. We compared characteristics and prognosis between patients with surveillance-detected HCC from the United States (US) and Japan. (Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology)MedWorm Message:...
Contributor : Tim C SomervailleSeries Type : Genome variation profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensResistance to chemotherapy is the most common cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia and the drug efflux pump ABCB1 is a critical mediator. Here we demonstrate that in vitro daunorubicin exposure can induce activating ABCB1 promoter translocations in human myeloid cells, similar to those recently described in recurrent high-grade serous ovarian and breast cancer....
Conclusion: Based on R-cancer model, increased cancer cell population under epigenetic transition, rather than heterogeneity from epigenetic changes, may confer the epigenetic-driven drug resistance, which can provide a new strategy to fight cancers by control of cancer cells under epigenetic transition. (Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus)
Contributor : Tim C SomervailleSeries Type : OtherOrganism : Homo sapiensResistance to chemotherapy is the most common cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia and the drug efflux pump ABCB1 is a critical mediator. Here we demonstrate that in vitro daunorubicin exposure can induce activating ABCB1 promoter translocations in human myeloid cells, similar to those recently described in recurrent high-grade serous ovarian and breast cancer. We then develop a targeted nanopore sequencing approach...
Contributor : Kinji AsahinaSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusTo examine effects of environmental risk factors on pancreatic cancer development, we fed control Pdx1-Cre (WT) and Pdx1-Cre; Kras-flox (Kras) mice with a Western alcohol diet containing high-cholesterol and high-saturated fat diet and 3.5% alcohol for 5 months. To enhance alcohol-induced pancreatic injury, we added a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/ml) to the diet. Mice were...
Contributor : Tim C SomervailleSeries Type : Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensResistance to chemotherapy is the most common cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia and the drug efflux pump ABCB1 is a critical mediator. Here we demonstrate that in vitro daunorubicin exposure can induce activating ABCB1 promoter translocations in human myeloid cells, similar to those recently described in recurrent high-grade serous ovarian and breast...
Contributor : Tim C SomervailleSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensResistance to chemotherapy is the most common cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia and the drug efflux pump ABCB1 is a critical mediator. Here we demonstrate that in vitro daunorubicin exposure can induce activating ABCB1 promoter translocations in human myeloid cells, similar to those recently described in recurrent high-grade serous ovarian and breast cancer. We...
Contributor : Tim C SomervailleSeries Type : Genome variation profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensResistance to chemotherapy is the most common cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia and the drug efflux pump ABCB1 is a critical mediator. Here we demonstrate that in vitro daunorubicin exposure can induce activating ABCB1 promoter translocations in human myeloid cells, similar to those recently described in recurrent high-grade serous ovarian and breast cancer....
Contributors : Euan Rodger ; Aniruddha Chatterjee ; Peter A Stockwell ; Micheal EcclesSeries Type : Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Homo sapiensCell lines are a critical in vitro model and heavily used to unravel mechanisms of cancer cell biology. However, limited data is available to assess whether DNA methylation patterns in tissues are retained when cell lines are established. Here, we provide the first genome-scale sequencing-based methylation map of metastatic melanoma...
Contributors : Seung-Gi Jin ; Dean Pettinga ; Gerd P PfeiferSeries Type : OtherOrganism : Homo sapiens ; Mus musculusTo establish relationships between mutations, for example in cancer genomes, and possible mechanisms linked to DNA damage, it is necessary to know at what sequence positions of the genome the damage occurs. However, it has been challenging to specifically map DNA damage at the nucleotide level of resolution and genome-wide with high sensitivity. Here, we describe a new method, which...
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, lethal, and chronic lung disease. There are no effective drug therapies for IPF. Hyperoside, a flavonoid glycoside, has been proven to have anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study was to explore the role of hyperoside in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis development in mice. We established the pulmonary fibrosis model by a single intratracheal aerosol injection of bleomycin. Seven days after...
Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy occurring in the digestive system, which is the third common cause of cancer mortality in developed countries. Shikonin, a naphthoquinone compound extracted from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, is extensively reported to exert antitumor activity against various types of cancer. However, the systematic effect of shikonin in colon cancer remains poorly understood. In the present study, we evaluated the antitumor activity of shikonin in human colon cancer...
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2020Source: Journal of Bone OncologyAuthor(s): Lei Wang (Source: Journal of Bone Oncology)
Publication date: Available online 21 October 2020Source: Journal of Geriatric OncologyAuthor(s): Eva Jespersen, Stine Braendegaard Winther, Lisbeth Rosenbek Minet, Sören Möller, Per Pfeiffer (Source: Journal of Geriatric Oncology)
Publication date: Available online 21 October 2020Source: Journal of Bone OncologyAuthor(s): Shuai-Shuai Gao, Yan-Jun Wang, Guo-Xun Zhang, Wen-Ting Zhang (Source: Journal of Bone Oncology)MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
GEORGE P. CANELLOS, MD (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Opportunities and challenges in the field of systemic amyloidosis can be grouped into 4 categories. First, a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease is required. Second, a greater awareness of the disease, which will lead to an earlier diagnosis, is imperative. Third, end points for interventional trials are required to convey us to our fourth aspirations, which are novel therapies for patients with light chain amyloidosis. (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)MedWorm...
Please add expansion for AL. Hematologic disease control combined with solid organ transplantation can result in long-term survival in selected patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis and limited other organ involvement. Restoration of critical cardiac function with organ transplantation can render patients eligible for effective disease-directed therapies, including high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Access to directed-donor organs, exchange programs for renal transplantation,...
ELSEVIER (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Light chain amyloidosis is a disease in which clonal plasma cells produce toxic immunoglobulin light chains that form amyloid fibrils with deposition in organs, most commonly the heart and kidneys, but also the nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and soft tissues. Treatment directed at the clonal cells eliminates light chain production and further deposition and may enable organ improvement and decrease the risk of organ failure. Supportive care manages the symptoms of organ involvement and the...
Raymond L. Comenzo (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Melanoma (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)MedWorm Message: If you are looking to buy something in the January Sales please visit TheJanuarySales.com for a directory of all the best sales in the UK. Any income gained via affiliate links keeps MedWorm running.
Publication date: Available online 5 October 2020Source: Cancer CellAuthor(s): Annalisa Trama, Claudia Proto, Jennifer G. Whisenant, Valter Torri, Alessio Cortellini, Olivier Michielin, Fabrice Barlesi, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, Jan Van Meerbeeck, Vera Pancaldi, Julien Mazieres, Ross A. Soo, Natasha B. Leighl, Solange Peters, Heather Wakelee, Leora Horn, Matthew Hellmann, Selina K. Wong, Marina Chiara Garassino, Javier Baena (Source: Cancer Cell)
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2020Source: Cancer CellAuthor(s): Brent M. Kuenzi, Jisoo Park, Samson H. Fong, Kyle S. Sanchez, John Lee, Jason F. Kreisberg, Jianzhu Ma, Trey Ideker (Source: Cancer Cell)
Hydromorphone is an alternative to morphine for intrathecal drug delivery system to treat refractory cancer pain; however, there is not enough clinical evidence to prove it. In our study, 233 patients from 12 different pain management centers across China were enrolled, 121 and 112 in the intrathecal hydromorphone (ITHM) and intrathecal morphine (ITMO) groups, respectively. The primary outcome was the clinical success rate, which was defined as ratio of patients achieving ≥50% pain relief. The noninferiority...
Abstract: Cancer invading into nerves, termed perineural invasion (PNI), is associated with pain. Here, we show that oral cancer patients with PNI report greater spontaneous pain and mechanical allodynia compared with patients without PNI, suggesting that unique mechanisms drive PNI-induced pain. We studied the impact of PNI on peripheral nerve physiology and anatomy using a murine sciatic nerve PNI model. Mice with PNI exhibited spontaneous nociception and mechanical allodynia. Perineural invasion...
CONCLUSION: Preventable oncogenic infections contribute to cancer incidence in Texas and may affect racial/ethnic minority groups disproportionately. Infection control and prevention should be stressed as an important component of cancer prevention. PMID: 33080142 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Public Health Reports)MedWorm Message: Have you tried our new medical search engine? More powerful than before. Log on with your social media account. 100% free.
This study calculated the added and free sugar content of all 5,374 foods and beverages recorded in the 24-hour dietary recalls of the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey - Nutrition using established procedures. The usual intake of added, free and total sugars was estimated with the National Cancer Institute method. RESULTS: In 2015, residents of Canada consumed an average of 57.1 g/day of added sugars, 67.1 g/day of free sugars and 105.6 g/day of total sugars. This represented 11.1%, 13.3%...
Currently, the dichotomous definition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive versus HER2-negative disease undergoing a change through inclusion of the identification of the “HER2-low” category, for which new therapeutic compounds in the form of potent antibody drug conjugates (ADC) may be effective. In addition, resistance to HER2-directed targets has become a clinical challenge and, therefore, strategies to bypass the HER2 receptor are of high interest. These are new HER2 ADCs...
Authors: Luisa Matos do Canto Mateus Camargo Barros-Filho Cláudia Aparecida Rainho Diogo Marinho Bruna Elisa Catin Kupper Maria Dirlei Ferreira de Souza Begnami Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto Birgitte Mayland Havelund Jan Lindebjerg Fabio Albuquerque Marchi Jan Baumbach Samuel Aguiar Rogatto The treatment for locally advanced rectal carcinomas (LARC) is based on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and surgery, which results in pathological complete response...
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 22 October 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01121-yMelanoma recurrence patterns and management after adjuvant targeted therapy: a multicentre analysis (Source: British Journal of Cancer)
ConclusionEleven PCa risk variants in Korean men were identified; PRSs of a subset of these variants could help predict PCa susceptibility. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 22 October 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01123-wBaseline immunity and impact of chemotherapy on immune microenvironment in cervical cancer (Source: British Journal of Cancer)
Innate Immune Regulation Under Magnetic Fields With Possible Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications
With the wide applications of magnetic fields (MFs) in medicine, researchers from different disciplines have gained interest in understanding the effect of various types of MFs on living cells and organisms. In this paper, we mainly focus on the immunological and physical aspects of the immune responses and their mechanisms under different types of MFs. Immune cells were slightly affected by low-frequency alternating MFs but were strongly influenced by moderate-intensity MFs and high-gradient MFs...
ConclusionQuantifying imaging features is a potentially useful tool for clinical diagnosis. This study demonstrated that non-calcified hamartoma has a heterogeneous distribution of attenuations probably resulting from its complex organizations. Based on this property, imaging quantification could improve discrimination of non-calcified hamartoma from adenocarcinoma. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
We report a novel therapy with low-dose decitabine plus camrelizumab for advanced NSCLC on the basis of successful treatment of three patients, emphasizing the potential of epigenetic drugs to regulate PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced NSCLC. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Conclusion: The LPN-3DPA group showed shorter operation time and warm ischemic time, as well as less intraoperative blood loss, reduction in eGFR, fewer complications for patients with complex renal tumor. Therefore, LPN assisted by three-dimensional printing technology should be a preferable treatment of complex renal tumor when compared with conventional LPN. However, further large-scale RCTs are needed in the future to confirm these findings. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)MedWorm Message: Have...
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant subtype of lung cancers. KRAS mutation is the second most prevalent mutation in NSCLC. KRAS mutant cancer cells suppress the anti-tumor T cell response. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, we analyzed the differential expression of acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (ACAA1) in various types of cancers using the TIMER database and validated the results in the NSCLC cell line H1944. We silenced oncogenic KRAS by siRNA targeting KRASG13D,...
. (Source: Journal of Psychosocial Oncology)
Authors: Sied Kebir Teresa Schmidt Matthias Weber Lazaros Lazaridis Norbert Galldiks Karl-Josef Langen Christoph Kleinschnitz Elke Hattingen Ulrich Herrlinger Philipp Lohmann Martin Glas Pseudoprogression (PSP) detection in glioblastoma remains challenging and has important clinical implications. We investigated the potential of machine learning (ML) in improving the performance of PET using O-(2-[18F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) for differentiation of tumor...
Hundreds of DNA repair proteins coordinate together to remove the diverse damages for ensuring the genomic integrity and stability. The repair system is an extensive network mainly encompassing cell cycle arrest, chromatin remodeling, various repair pathways, and new DNA fragment synthesis. Acetylation on DNA repair proteins is a dynamic epigenetic modification orchestrated by lysine acetyltransferases (HATs) and lysine deacetylases (HDACs), which dramatically affects the protein functions through...
ConclusionsMeta-analysis showed that ASAs significantly associated with an increased mortality risk in lung cancer patients treated TKIs, but not in patients with esophageal/gastric, colorectal, or kidney cancer. Until further studies confirm these results, caution should be used when administering ASAs and TKIs to patients with lung cancer. (Source: International Journal of Clinical Oncology)
. (Source: Journal of Psychosocial Oncology)
. (Source: Nutrition and Cancer)
ConclusionsThis study reveals that lncRNA-SNHG1 regulates Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways via EZH2 gene to affect proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of PCa cells. This experiment provides ideas and experimental basis for the improvement and treatment of PCa. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
AbstractAfter 2008 and 2012 USPSTF recommendations against PSA screening, studies revealed a decline in screening rates and trend towards more advanced disease at presentation. After revision of this recommendation in 2017, PSA screening guidelines remain inconsistent and controversy still exists about its clinical utility. We seek to better understand the knowledge of medical trainees regarding this fundamental controversy and gain better insight into what they are being taught regarding this topic....
Natural killer (NK) cells are a predominant part of innate immune cells and play a crucial role in anti-cancer immunity. NK cells can kill target cells nonspecifically, and their recognition of target cells is not restricted by the major histocompatibility complex. NK cells also fight against tumor cells independently of antibodies and prior activation. Of note, umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a rich source of NK cells. Immunotherapies based on UCB-derived NK cells are becoming increasingly researched,...
. (Source: Nutrition and Cancer)
ConclusionsCetuximab does not have clinical activity in patients with advanced BC, NSCLC, and OC withoutKRAS, NRAS, or BRAF mutations.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT02693535 (26 February, 2016). (Source: Targeted Oncology)
AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The two major histological subtypes of pancreatic cancer are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), accounting for 90% of all cases, and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PanNEN), which makes up 3 –5% of all cases. PanNEN is classified into well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and poorly-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PanNEC). Although PDAC and PanNEN are commonly...
The ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (CD39)/5′ ectonuclotidase (CD73)-dependent purinergic pathway emerges as promising cancer target. Yet, except for own previous work revealing a pathogenic role of CD73 and adenosine in radiation-induced lung fibrosis, the role of purinergic signaling for radiotherapy outcome remained elusive. Here we used C57BL/6 wild-type (WT), CD39 knockout (CD39−/−), and CD73 knockout (CD73−/−) mice and hind-leg tumors of syngeneic murine Lewis lung carcinoma...
Conclusions: Adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly associated with improved prognosis and radical surgery alone did not provide enough treatment for colon cancer with very low lymphatic tumor burden. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, despite significant advances in cancer research and improvements in anticancer therapies. One of the major obstacles to curing cancer is the difficulty of achieving the complete annihilation of resistant cancer cells. The resistance of cancer cells may not only be due to intrinsic factors or factors acquired during the evolution of the tumor but may also be caused by chemotherapeutic treatment failure. Conversely, autophagy is a conserved...
Elevated mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism represent key features of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs), whose propagation is conducive to disease onset and progression. Therefore, interfering with mitochondria biology and function may be regarded as a useful approach to eradicate CSCs. Here, we used the breast cancer cell line MCF7 as a model system to interrogate how mitochondrial fission contributes to the development of mitochondrial dysfunction toward the inhibition of metabolic flux and...
In conclusion, our findings provide evidence of transcriptional and retrotranscriptional changes in breast cancer from PLWH compared to non-HIV breast cancer, including dysregulation of HERVs, suggesting an indirect effect of the virus on the breast cancer microenvironment. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Conclusions: The combined treatment of ruxolitinib and avelumab demonstrated severe toxicity. Modifying the schedule or reducing the dose of both drugs needs to be studied in order to be able to treat both pathologies. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
We describe possible mechanisms, including adipose tissue attraction and protection of lymphoblasts, and their impact on ALL chemotherapies’ pharmacokinetics. We also explore the potential contribution of cytokines, growth factors, natural killer cells and adipose stem cells to ALL initiation and propagation. While there are no current definite causal links between obesity and ALL, critical questions persist as to whether the adipose tissue microenvironment and endocrine actions can play a causal...
Conclusions: In this multi-institutional case series, single-agent ICI demonstrated objective responses and was well tolerated in a heterogeneous treatment-naïve mRCC cohort. ICI monotherapy is not the standard of care for patients with mRCC, and further investigation is necessary to explore predictive biomarkers for optimal treatment selection in this setting. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Authors: Molly E. Heft Neal Apurva D. Bhangale Andrew C. Birkeland Jonathan B. McHugh Andrew G. Shuman Andrew J. Rosko Paul L. Swiecicki Matthew E. Spector J. Chad Brenner Organ preservation protocols are commonly used as first line therapy for advanced laryngeal cancer. Recurrence thereafter is associated with poor survival. The aim of this study is to identify genetic alterations associated with survival among patients with recurrent laryngeal cancer undergoing...
Conclusions: While both cohorts have similar oncologic outcomes, bilateral TCA patients exhibit higher post-operative complication rates. This may be explained by underlying tumor characteristics necessitating more radical resection but may also indicate increased morbidity with bilateral approaches. However, evidence from more controlled, comparative studies is warranted to further support these findings. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
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