Jarina Begum, Syed Irfan Ali, Manasee PandaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):72-76 Background: There is lack of interest in the subject of community medicine among undergraduate MBBS students leading to poor understanding of community problems and drastic fall in preventive, promotive component of health care. Aim: To evaluate effectiveness of interactive teaching learning (ITL) over traditional teaching learning (TTL) methods in creating interest in the subject. Objectives: 1. To...
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Vinod K SrivastavaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):3-3 The Colombo Declaration on Epidemiology in Southeast Asia is based on the deliberations by the delegates of the conference and representatives of the Regional Public Health/Epidemiology Associations held during the Southeast Asia Regional Group Meeting of International Epidemiological Association/College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka at Colombo, Sri Lanka, on September 19–21, 2019.
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Swati Alok, Samrun Nessa, Sajeli Begum AhilIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):106-107
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Amitav BanerjeeIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):4-7 The development in the country's health status has not kept pace with its economic development. Although India along with most countries of the world was a signatory to the Alma Ata Declaration of 1978, its performance particularly on health equity and quality issues, so far, has been far from satisfactory. There are vast variations in health-care status by states, by ethnic groups, gender, and urban-rural difference. Till recently,...
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BY Yuvaraj, Vijaykumar P Mane, Mallappa Biradar, Virupakshappa Nayaka, Rashmi SreenivasamurthyIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):92-95 Background: Tobacco use is one of the most important causes of death and disease globally. Nearly one-third of the population in India uses tobacco, and smokeless form is culturally acceptable even among women. Objectives: (1) To estimate the prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco (SLT) products among women in the reproductive age group in the...
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Alok Yadav, Amit Devgan, Subhash Chandra Shaw, Puja DudejaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):8-11 Background: The ability of mothers to correctly detect jaundice in their newborns is largely unknown. The objective was to ascertain the ability of mother to correctly detect the presence of significant jaundice in her newborn. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India from February 2015 to July 2016. All inborn neonates...
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Manu Raj Mathur, Deepti Nagrath, Jyotsna Malhotra, Vijay Kumar MishraIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):60-65 Background: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with obesity, and various other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The aim of the study was to study the patterns of consumption of SSBs and association of SSB consumption with various socioeconomic factors and fried food consumption. Methodology: We used data of the 4th round of National Family Health Survey. We used...
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Shri Kant Singh, Santosh Kumar Sharma, Ankita SiddhantaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):12-17 Purpose: This article focuses at the prevalence of hysterectomy, its major correlates, and the socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of hysterectomy among women in India. Methods: It used data from 527,865 ever-married women interviewed in 2015–2016 National Family Health Survey-4 from 601,000 households across 640 districts in the country. The economic inequalities in the prevalence...
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S Sathiyanarayanan, Pawan Kumar, Chythra R Rao, Arun Kumar, Asha Kamath, Veena KamathIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):83-88 Background: The current recommendation in India to commence first dose of measles immunization is at 9 months of age. The effectiveness of measles vaccination is greatly impacted by the level of maternal measles antibody (MMA) during infancy.Objectives: To find the prevalence of MMA and to study the maternal and infant factors associated with persistence of...
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Pooja A Chauhan, Kailesh D BhalaniIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):18-22 Background: Despite substantial progress on maternal and child mortality, neither the Millennium Development Goal 4 nor 5 targets could be met. The global maternal mortality ratio declined by 44% between 1990 and 2015, short of the targeted 75% fall. Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the maternal health services being provided to the high-risk mothers (HRMs) of Bhavnagar district. Methodology:...
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Barun Kumar, Uttam Kumar Paul, Dilip Kumar PalIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):100-103 Context: Doctor–patient relationship has gone through some troubled times in the recent past. Quality data regarding this is lacking in the Indian setting. Aims: The study aim was to find the perception of doctors regarding doctor–patient relationship. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at a tertiary health-care center in West Bengal. It was a qualitative study including in-depth interviews...
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A study on respiratory morbidities and pulmonary functions among traffic policemen in Bengaluru city
Giriyanna Gowda, R ThenambigaiIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):23-26 Context: Air pollution is a major public health problem in the present Indian cities, due to unplanned urbanization and increased use of vehicles. Traffic policemen, due to the nature of their job and working atmosphere, are more prone to develop respiratory problems such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rhinitis, recurrent respiratory tract infections, and others. Objectives: The objective was...
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Rajesh KumarIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):1-2
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P Stalin, M Manikandan, Vincent Antony, N Murugan, Zile Singh, King Herald Kisku, Anil Jacob Purty, Kavita Vasudevan, Johnson Cherian, Venkateswara Babu, R Pajanivel, G KalaiselvanIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):27-31 Background: In India, there is no feedback regarding 34% of tuberculosis (TB) patients diagnosed and referred from medical colleges for treatment to peripheral health institutions (PHIs). Objectives: The aim of this study is to measure the effectiveness of the new...
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Devi K Mishra, Nalini K Triathy, Bulu Mahanty, Bhupendra Buda, Manoj K BeheraIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):66-71 Introduction: The Government of India has formulated the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) to implement measures to ensure that effective protection is provided to nonsmokers from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. Bhubaneswar is the capital city of Odisha, India, was declared as “Tobacco Smoke Free City” in 2010. For strengthening the implementation...
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Prashant Ramdas Kokiwar, P NikithaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):32-35 Context: Learning about menstrual hygiene is vital part of health education for adolescent girls so that they can continue to work and maintain hygienic habits throughout their adult life. Aim: The aim is to study the efficacy of focused group discussion (FGD) in comparison to didactic lecture method (DL) on knowledge and practices related to menstruation among adolescent girls of rural areas. Materials and...
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Tanisha Agrawal, Shubhro Bhattacharya, Chandrakant LahariyaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):77-82 Background: Mohalla or Community Clinics of Delhi, India, have made primary care accessible, equitable, and affordable for women, elderly, and children in the underserved areas. Objectives: To understand the population subgroups which use these clinics and to analyze why people use these facilities and the determinants of the return visits for health seeking. Materials and Methods: This...
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UC Samudyatha, Vipul Chaudhari, Naresh Chauhan, Rahul Damor, JK Kosambiya, Rikita MunshiIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):36-42 Context: Clinical and epidemiological variables in the modified Faine's criteria offered low validity in our study setting. Aims: Restructuring and validating modified Faine's criteria for leptospirosis to better suit health scenario of south Gujarat. Subjects and Methods: Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory features of derivation cohort (1216 suspected...
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Vinu Cherian, Preeti Dugg, Amir Maroof KhanIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):89-91 Background: India has lowly prioritized pet-associated zoonosis as a public health priority because data regarding the same and the susceptible population involved are sparse. Objective: To find the proportion of pet dog ownership in a settled urban colony of East Delhi and to assess awareness regarding canine zoonotic diseases and responsible pet ownership. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive...
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Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis Wardani, Endro Prasetyo WahonoIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):43-47 Context: Stratification of social determinants leads to clustering of low socioeconomic communities, which then leads to spatio-temporal tuberculosis (TB) clusters. While previous studies have investigated spatio-temporal TB clusters, few have reported on the dynamics of them and the characteristics of social determinants.Aims: To investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of TB clusters...
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R Sivapragasam, S Rajini, S Rajalakshmi, K Priyanga, V Rajesh, R PriyadharshiniIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):96-99 Background: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QOL) of postmenopausal women, in the rural areas of Puducherry and to find the associated factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the rural field practicing area of SLIMS, Puducherry. The sample size was 172 based on the previous study, and simple random sampling technique...
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N Janardhana, B ManjulaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):48-53 Background: Families play a critical role in their children's development and learning. Parents' understanding of their child's illness has a significant impact on the parent–child relationship and helps them to have realistic expectations. Objectives: The objective of this study is to understand the use of parental-group intervention for making parents understand the problems of the children and to develop skills to deal...
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Rashmi Sharma, Harsh Bakshi, Anupam BanerjeeIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):104-105
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Rathika Damodara Shenoy, Seema Pavaman Sindgikar, Vijaya Shenoy, Raghuraja Uppoor, Raghavendra Rao, Shalini SinghIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):54-59 Background: Women constitute a significant labor pool in the Indian tobacco industry as bidi (hand-rolled cigarette) rollers. On an average, they roll around 600 bidis/day and are exposed to 120 g of tobacco and 3 g of nicotine. Bidis do not have chemical preservatives or stabilizing agents, and therefore, the rollers are exposed...
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Arulmozhi Madhivanan, Vinayagamoorthy Venugopal, Amol R DongreIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2020 45(1):108-109
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Ananth Ram, Catherine Priscilla Victor, Hana Christy, Sneha Hembrom, Anne George Cherian, Venkata Raghava MohanIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):362-367 Context: Domestic violence in Indian setting has five major components: emotional abuse; physical violence; sexual violence; honor killing; dowry-related abuse; and death. Aims: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence and 3 of its components – emotional abuse, physical violence, and sexual violence...
Nov 2019
Rekha Dutt, Monalisha SahuIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):397-398
Nov 2019
Abhiruchi Galhotra, Preeti SahuIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):299-302 Hearing is the key to learning spoken language, performing academically, and engaging socially for children. Degree of hearing loss quantifies the hearing ability from mild to profound, based on the audiometric findings for an individual across certain frequencies or pitches. Early identification and appropriate intervention is the prime need. A probable strategy is to ensure that every newborn is screened for...
Nov 2019
Bina Thomas, Priya Chandran, MP Lilabi, Biju George, CP Sivakumar, VK Jayadev, V Bindu, RS Rajasi, Binsu Vijayan, Anu Mohandas, Nimin HafeezIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):383-387 Background: An outbreak of the rare and highly pathogenic Nipah virus infection occurred in Kozhikode, Kerala, India, during May 2018. Methodology: Outbreak control activities included laboratory case confirmation and isolation. Contact surveillance was initiated and close contacts were home quarantined...
Nov 2019
Dhanya MohanIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):303-306 Chronic cough is one of the most common symptoms for patients-seeking consultation in an outpatient clinic. It is associated with substantial psychological, physical, and social burdens and impaired quality of life. This review highlights some of the major diagnostic and management challenges confronted in the field of cough with a special focus on the Indian perspective. Heterogeneity in definitions and classifications and challenges...
Nov 2019
Rajesh Kunwar, VK SrivastavaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):295-298
Nov 2019
Rahul Rampure, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Carolin George Elizabeth, Gift NormanIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):307-312 Context: Alcohol consumption is the third largest risk factor for disease and disability in developing countries. Globally, 4% of all deaths are related to alcohol consumption every year. De-addiction measures and rehabilitation strategies can sometimes be challenging in rural population as there is a potential for a higher rate of relapse due to socio-cultural barriers...
Nov 2019
Kedar G Mehta, Rajendra Baxi, Sangita Patel, Paragkumar Chavda, Vihang MazumdarIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):373-377 Background: In India, social issues such as stigma and discrimination are still experienced by many women living with HIV (WLHIV) at various levels such as family, community, or health care settings even after a decline trend in HIV prevalence. Objectives: To assess stigma, discrimination, and domestic violence among WLHIV attending an antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
Nov 2019
Ankit Prabhubhai Viramgami, Pramod B Verma, Mayur C Vala, Sandeep SharmaIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):313-316 Context: In India, people residing in slum are not able to get safe food, drinking water, and shelter. Special vulnerable group such as women and children are at higher risk for infectious- and nutritional-related problems. Because of the dual responsibility of working women for her family and job, chances are always higher that the reproductive and child health (RCH)...
Nov 2019
Prevalence of dentinal hypersensitivity and dental erosion among competitive swimmers, Kerala, India
K Arun Rao, Susan Thomas, Jishnu Krishna Kumar, Vivek NarayanIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):390-393 Background: Professional swimmers face a hidden occupational hazard due to improper maintenance of pool. Ill maintained pools can lead to erosive effects on dental health and thus needs to be evaluated. Methodology: Fifty-six competitive swimmers from two training centers were contacted and surveyed for swimming exposure and oral health. A visual analog scale was used to rate the...
Nov 2019
Swapna Madasu, Sumit Malhotra, Shashi Kant, Rajesh Sagar, Ashwani Kumar Mishra, Puneet Misra, Farhad AhamedIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):317-321 Background: Anxiety disorders are the most frequent mental disorders encountered in childhood and adolescent years. The number of epidemiological studies done in this area within India is limited. Objectives: We determined the prevalence of anxiety disorders among adolescents in a rural community of Ballabgarh block, district Faridabad,...
Nov 2019
Kajari Bandyopadhyay, Sitikantha Banerjee, Pradeep DeshmukhIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):401-402
Nov 2019
Anjali Modi, Jayendrakumar K Kosambiya, Sangita Trivedi, Vipul P Chaudhari, Alap Mehta, Kristen J WellsIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):322-327 Background: India has the third largest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in the world, with 15,000 newborns infected every year. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services can eliminate new HIV infections. Nondisclosure of positive HIV status and nonoptimal uptake of PMTCT are related. Therefore, understanding...
Nov 2019
Shyam Ashtekar, Manasi Shekhar Padhyegurjar, Jagdish Powar, Shekhar Bhikaji PadhyegurjarIndian Journal of Community Medicine 2019 44(4):357-361 Context: In Ashram schools, scheduled tribes (ST) children from age 6 to 17 years belonging to various ethnic groups stay under common living and dietary provisions. However, there are scant reports on ethnotribal height differences. Aims: The aims of the study are to(a) estimate height differences between schoolchildren of three major local STs, (b) compare...
Nov 2019
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