Choosing the right or left for the subclavian venous cannulation?

Sudden artery occlusion of bilateral lower extremities in a patient with intracardiac cricket ball-like mass

Predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding in adult ICU patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Abstract Purpose To systematically identify predictors of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies including trial cohorts. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and trial registries up to March 2019. Eligible studies assessed potential predictors of clinically important GI bleeding (CIB; primary outcome) or overt GI bleeding (secondary outcome), had > 20 events, and presented adjusted effect estimates. Two reviewers assessed study eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence using GRADE. We meta-analysed adjusted effect estimates if data from ≥ 2 studies were available. Results We included 8 studies (116,497 patients). 4 studies (including 74,456 patients) assessed potential predictors of CIB, and we meta-analysed 12 potential predictors from these. Acute kidney injury (relative effect [RE] 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–5.28, moderate certainty) and male gender (RE 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.50, low certainty) were associated with increased incidence of CIB. After excluding high risk of bias studies, coagulopathy (RE 4.76, 95% CI 2.62–8.63, moderate certainty), shock (RE 2.60, 95% CI 1.25–5.42, low certainty), and chronic liver disease (RE 7.64, 95% CI 3.32–17.58, moderate certainty) were associated with increased incidence of CIB. The effect of mechanical ventilation on CIB was unclear (RE 1.93, 0.57–6.50, very low certainty). Conclusions We identified predictors of CIB and overt GI bleeding in adult ICU patients. These findings may be used to identify ICU patients at higher risk of GI bleeding who are most likely to benefit from stress ulcer prophylaxis.

Weil’s disease or acute liver failure? Look in the eyes!

Optic nerve sheath diameter: the next steps

Rare metastatic seeding: endogenous endophtalmitis in Staphylococcus aureus sepsis

Plasmapheresis: better late than never

Mental illness after admission to an intensive care unit Abstract Purpose Survivors of critical illness may be at higher risk of developing subsequent mental illness. We sought to determine the risk of new mental illness diagnoses across a large population of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors compared with hospitalized patients. Methods Population-based study (2005–2015) conducted in adults hospitalized in Ontario, Canada. The primary exposure was ICU admission for ≥ 48 h; secondary exposures were ICU procedures including mechanical ventilation and duration of ICU. The primary outcome was mental illness diagnosed during the year after hospital discharge. To account for case mix differences between ICU and other hospitalized patients, sensitivity analyses were conducted restricting to six pre-specified diagnoses that can lead to hospitalization with or without ICU. Results 1,847,462 patients survived hospitalization, of whom 121,101 were admitted to ICU for ≥ 48 h. ICU patients had a higher rate of new mental illness diagnoses in the year after discharge compared to hospitalized patients (17 vs. 15%, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.08, 95% CI 1.07–1.10). In analyses restricted to pre-specified most responsible diagnoses, the increased risk associated with ICU was only significant for patients with pneumonia. Among ICU survivors, exposure to mechanical ventilation (aHR: 1.08; 95% CI 1.05–1.12) or longer ICU stays (aHR: 1.004 per day; 95% CI 1.003–1.005) increased the risk of new mental illness diagnosis. Conclusions ICU was associated with a marginally increased risk of mental illness diagnosis after hospitalization that was often no longer apparent when reason for admission was considered. Patients exposed to mechanical ventilation or longer ICU stays may be at higher risk of subsequent mental illnesses.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation-related left gastric artery laceration

A lung point that is not a lung point