Purpose of review The frequency of hospitalization for anaphylaxis has increased over the last 20 years across Europe, Australia, and North America, particularly, for food and medication triggers. Adolescents show the highest risk for morbidity and fatality from food-induced anaphylaxis, yet there is little high-quality evidence addressing the reasons for this disproportionate vulnerability. Recent findings Recent data seem to suggest a possible increasing burden of food-induced anaphylaxis...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
Purpose of review The aim of this study is to suggest principles for ocular procedures to be performed by allergists in their offices in helping their diagnosis of ocular diseases and suggest better interactions between allergists and ophthalmologists. Recent findings Diagnosis of ocular allergy is based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in-vivo and in-vitro tests for the identification of the specific allergen. Unfortunately, ocular manifestations are frequently...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
Purpose of review Is sexual dimorphism also true in anaphylaxis as described in other allergic diseases? Possible gender differences in the epidemiology, triggers, severity, outcomes of anaphylaxis as well as in the pathogenesis of the disease are discussed. Recent findings Hormonal status and the X-chromosome-coded factors deeply involved in the regulation of T-cell and B-cell responses may influence the gender difference noticed in allergic diseases, such as asthma and rhinitis. Little...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
Purpose of review The spectrum of allergic eye diseases includes a variety of conditions, each characterized by complex immunopathologies. Antiallergic drugs, such as antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers, are often insufficient without concomitant topical corticosteroid treatment. The chronic course of the more severe allergic eye diseases, such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), limits the treatment with topical corticosteroids to short courses....
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
No abstract available
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
Purpose of review To update the influence of the global climate change on Hymenoptera venom allergy. Recent findings Climate change facilitates biological invasions of hymenopteran species and plays a role in the impact of introduced species relevant for human health. It contributes to a rise in the incidence of sting injuries and allergy reactions across the world. Summary Global climate change has contributed to the expansion and the redistribution of allergenic insect species, increasing...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
Purpose of review In the US anterior ocular inflammatory disease (AOID) composed of the spectrum of ocular allergies, different forms of infectious conjunctivitis, and dry eye diseases, affects over 40% of the population. This review evaluates the current economic costs for AOID associated pharmacotherapies. Recent findings In recent years, with improved understanding in pathophysiology of the AOID, providing novel targets for pharmacotherapy, have led to considerable improvements in outcomes...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 04:43
Introduction: Cleft lip/palate is a facial anomaly caused by an abnormal developmental process. It is also the most common congenital anomaly. Orthognathic surgery is required in 25% of patients with cleft lip and palate for the correction of dentofacial deformity. There are various complications that can occur after orthognathic surgery. Complications that can occur during surgery include bleeding, improper fracture, and injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and lingual nerve. Meanwhile,...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Plexiform neurofibromas are common complications in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients. Currently, surgery is the treatment of choice. However, complete surgical resection is difficult due to the infiltration to the surrounding tissue and the increased vascularity. Plexiform neurofibromas arising in the orbito-temporal area pose a greater challenge due to its critical function and cosmetic importance of the face. Such plexiform neurofibromas, separately designated as orbito-temporal plexiform neurofibromas,...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Objectives: The primary objective of the present study was to find the gold-standard accuracy of voxel-based superimposition of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) datasets with a protocol developed for the Dolphin Imaging 3D software. The secondary objectives were to analyze reproducibility and efficiency of this protocol. Study Design: Twenty-five CBCT datasets of patients with dental implants present were selected. Each Base Volume dataset was duplicated to create a second volume. Subsequently,...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Background: Craniosynostosis has an incidence of 1 in 2000 to 2500 live births, and is categorized into syndromic and nonsyndromic types. Nonsyndromic ones can be familial in which more than one of the family members are involved. Methods: This is a prospective study which is carried out from April 2015 to January 2018 in 2 academic hospitals. Those patients who had nonsyndromic craniosynostosis and completed medical follow-up were included in the study as well as their 1st degree relatives....
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Introduction: The McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is a complex congenital disorder caused by the embryonic post-zygotic somatic activating mutations in the GNAS1 gene. In such syndrome, phenotypes are heterogeneous and comprised polyostotic/monostotic fibrous dysplasia, café au lait macules, and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies as the excess growth hormone. Likewise, acromegaly, as a manifestation of the endocrine hyperfunction, is unusual and affects about 20% of patients with MAS. Case Presentation:...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Waldeyer's lymphatic ring granulomas in children are infrequent, and may represent an underlying systemic disease, often nondiagnosed before adenotonsillectomy is performed. The authors report on a 5-year-old otherwise healthy girl presented with remarkable tonsillar asymmetry as well as adenoid hypertrophy, with no systemic signs or complaints. Adenotonsillectomy was performed to rule out malignancy. Blood workup was normal. Microscopy of both adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy specimens showed multiple...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Objective: To analyze the characteristics and outcome of patients who underwent the insertion of a 3-dimensional (3D) printed titanium (Materialise) cranioplasty. Methods: Surgical and clinical data of patients who underwent 3D printed titanium cranioplasty insertion at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A retrospective search identified 19 cases of titanium cranioplasty insertion between 2012 and 2018. 12 patients were male (63.2%) and mean age at cranioplasty was...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Background: Paragangliomas are groups of neuroendocrine neoplasms originating from neural crest cells throughout the body, but are rarely observed within the orbit. Case report: Two patients, a 4-year-old male and 27-year-old female, presented with a slow-growing proptosis. Well-defined masses were located in the superomedial (male) and temporal (female) portion of the right orbit and involved the entire bodies of either the superior (male) or lateral (female) rectus muscles. B-mode ultrasound...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Pediatric craniosynostosis (CS) surgery is frequently associated with extensive blood loss and transfusion requirements. The aim of the study was to evaluate the authors’ institutional procedure with 2-surgeon approach and early transfusion strategy on blood loss and blood product transfusions in children undergoing craniofacial surgery. A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed of pediatric CS corrections during a 15-year period. Primary endpoint was blood loss and transfusion requirement...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are basically abnormal vessel networks consisting of one or more feeding arteries, central nidus, and dilated drainage veins. They are divided into subtypes as fistulose, mixed (fistulose-plexiform), or plexiform. Intraventricular location of AVMs is unusual. In this location, the lesion may mimic neoplastic processes. Here the authors reported uncommon case of an AVM located in the right choroid plexus presenting with intraventricular hemorrhage.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
The aim of the study is to discuss the current management options for intra- and extra-cranial communication giant cell tumor of the lateral skull base and perform a review of the literature. A total of 6 patients with giant cell tumor of the lateral skull base were retrospectively enrolled in the study. The principal complaints, imaging manifestations, surgical resection and reconstruction of intra- and extra-cranial communication defects for the diseases were discussed. There were 2 males and 4...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
The Regenerated Tissue at the Donor Site After Costal Cartilage Harvest for Auricular Reconstruction
Objective: To observe and summarize the nature of the regenerative tissue at the donor site after harvesting costal cartilage for auricular reconstruction and to explore the contribution of the perichondrium to the regeneration of costal cartilage in the clinic. Methods: From January 2016 to June 2017, 23 patients with microtia who were performed chest computed tomography (CT) after costal cartilage harvest for ear reconstruction were reviewed. And they had the surgery for at least 6 months....
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Background: The main phenotypic features of lesser-form cleft lip include nasal, philtrum, and vermilion deformities. The manifestations of lesser-form cleft lip vary greatly, and it is difficult to rebuild these subunits during the operation. Methods: “Three subunits” classification of lesser-form cleft lip was identified as nasal deformity (N), philtrum deformity (P), or vermilion deformity (V); and slight deformity (0) or obvious deformity (1). A total of 200 patients with lesser-form...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) is a rare complication of cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) which may lead to life threat. This article reports a patient with severe CNF complicated with IJVT, and combined with the literature to analyze the diagnosis and treatment of CNF and IJVT.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Purpose: Intermaxillary fixation (IMF) using the arch bar has been the standard technique for a long time in the management of mandibular fracture. But because of several complications, intermaxillary fixation with screws has been introduced and adopted to use. This investigation compared the outcomes and complications between the traditional IMF and modified intermaxillary fixation with screws techniques in terms of the malocclusion, surgical time, root injury, and screw or arch bar failure. ...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
No abstract available
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Orbital fractures can involve floor, lateral and medial wall. Surgical access depends on fracture's severity, ocular trauma and patient's age. Subciliary, subtarsal, infraorbital or transconjunctival approaches are the main access to the orbit. Surgical interventions in the eyelid may induce scar tissue formation and, consequently, the cicatricial scleral show. The authors present a study with the aim to evaluate the incidence of cicatricial scleral show in patients treated for orbital fractures...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
No abstract available
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a developmental anomaly of forebrain characterized by a failure of division of the embryonic forebrain into hemispheres. It is associated with a set of facial anomalies at a rate of 80%. Survival rate, particularly in alobar HPE, is quite low. Alobar HPE is usually associated with a large dorsal cyst which might eventually lead to hydrocephalus and raised intracranial pressure. Placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt has been reported to be beneficial in symptomatic...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
No abstract available
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Congenital and pediatric nasal lesion resection and their reconstructive outcomes are not well studied. A surgeon must consider the site, size, depth, etiology, age, and effect on future function (including growth). As such, it is important to contrast the differences between the adult's and child's nose. The authors propose that more conservative resection and reconstructive methods may better serve congenital and pediatric nasal lesions. An Internal Review Board approved study of congenital and...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
No abstract available
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Clean and fast craniotomy and closure (CAC) for retrosigmoid approach with safe and satisfactory exposure remains our primary goal. A standard operation procedure (SOP) of retrosigmoid approach was developed and reviewed. Between January 2015 and January 2017, 97 patients suffering various lesions underwent surgeries using this technique in the Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. The records concerning time of craniotomies, blood losses, and complications were reviewed....
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Due to availability and ease of harvest, adipose tissue is a favorable source of progenitor cells in regenerative medicine, but has yet to be optimized for osteogenic differentiation. The purpose of this study was to test cranial bone healing in a surgical defect model utilizing bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) transduced immortalized murine adipocyte (iMAD) progenitor cells in a citrate-based, phase-changing, poly(polyethylene glycol citrate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (PPCN)-gelatin scaffold....
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Second branchial cleft cysts (BCCs) are the most common type of branchial abnormalities and usually found high in the neck. Oropharyngeal presence of a BCC is very rare. The authors report a rare case of oropharyngeal, second branchial, multilocular, cleft cyst in a 9-year-old child (8.0 × 5.0 cm in maximum diameter). The cyst was removed completely via extra/intraoral approach and did not have tract-like structure. The anatomic location together with the histopathology results, which showed a squamous...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Purpose: This study aims to determine the number, symmetry, shape and individual characteristic of palatal rugae. Methods: In our study, we performed on subjects ages 16 to 57 (23.01 ± 7.12), ranging from a total of 230 (108 female and 122 male). Alginant impression material from each took dimensions of the upper jaw. Then casts were obtained by pouring hard casts. The shapes, lengths, and directions of rugae measured on these casts. The palatine photos were taken by using a mobile phone-Samsung...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare autosomal-dominant condition that affects ossification. The main symptoms of this cleidocranial dysplasia patient include craniofacial abnormalities, hypoplasia of clavicles, narrow thorax, retarded exfoliation of deciduous teeth, retarded eruption of permanent teeth, and multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. The aim of this treatment was to correct the craniofacial abnormalities and provide an adequate functional reconstruction of the occlusion. The patient was...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Background: Multiple methods are employed to correct short nose deformities, with septal extension graft representing the first choice for Asians. However, the volume of the septal cartilage in many Asian patients is not sufficient to be used alone for such operation. The present work developed a new method combining the septal cartilage with ethmoid bone graft to overcome this issue in Asian patients with short noses. Methods: Thirty-five women with short noses underwent septal extension...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Congenital fusion of the jaws (syngnathia) is a rare and severe disorder. The authors report a case of bony fusion of the left mandible with the maxilla and zygomatic complex in a 5-day-old male who was not able to feed and open his mouth normally. Early surgery was performed to release the bony fusion on the tenth day of life. The authors present a new technique based on the intraoperative use of 3-dimensional surgical guides.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Purpose: To investigate whether transconjunctival approach surgery caused meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with inferior orbital wall fractures. Methods: Twenty consecutive patients who underwent reconstruction surgery for unilateral inferior orbital wall fracture via a transconjunctival approach were enrolled in this study. All patients were asked to complete the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire for each separate eyelid. Both eyelids of each patient underwent slit lamp examination...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Background: While the risk for intracranial extension of midline nasoglabellar dermoid cysts is well-described, the risk in non-midline dermoid cysts and role of preoperative imaging in these lesions is less understood. This study aims to address this gap and provide preoperative recommendations. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was performed evaluating patients who underwent excision of craniofacial dermoid cysts by a single surgeon. Findings on preoperative physical examination...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
To provide anatomic basis for the retrosigmoid supra-tentorium to infra-tentorium keyhole approach and to explore the feasibility, 60 skulls were observed and measured to demonstrate the position relations among related bony landmarks, 12 cadaveric heads were dissected and measured for localization of the keyhole and the incision through tentorium. For giving the angle and depth for endoscopic approach, 40 adult volunteers were performed head MRI scan and the pictures were measured and analyzed....
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
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