ObjectivesWe explore one aspect of the decision making process—public consultation on policy proposals by a national regulatory body—aiming to understand how public health policy development is influenced by different stakeholders. DesignWe used thematic content analysis to explore responses to a national consultation on the regulation of television advertising of foods high in fat, salt and sugar aimed at children. SettingUK. Results139 responses from key stakeholder groups were analysed to determine...
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Substantial inequities in mass deworming programmes are common as wealthier populations have consistently higher coverage than that of the poor, including in countries reporting to have reached the WHO goal of more than 75% national coverage. These inequities seem to be geographically heterogeneous, modestly improving over time, with no evidence of sex differences in inequity. Future reporting of deworming coverage should consider disaggregation by geography, wealth, and sex with incorporation of...
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Preventing neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) through mass treatment of at-risk populations provides a cost-effective way of improving health equity in endemic countries.1 Considerable funds and human resources are invested in mass deworming of children and women of childbearing age in areas endemic of soil-transmitted helminthiasis; that is, infections with parasites, such as roundworms, whipworms, and hookworms.2 Ministries of Health have together with UN agencies, philanthropic foundations, pharmaceutical...
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Multiple doses of ivermectin did not show higher efficacy and was tolerated less than a single dose. A single dose should therefore be preferred for the treatment of non-disseminated strongyloidiasis.
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Human strongyloidiasis, caused by infection with Strongyloides stercoralis, belongs to the soil-transmitted helminthiases and affects up to 100 million people in the tropics and subtropics.1 Control of S stercoralis lags behind efforts to tackle the common soil-transmitted helminths, including the hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura. This difference is related to the difficult detection of an active infection with S stercoralis, which involves a battery of faecal and serological...
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Cancer Gene Therapy, Published online: 24 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41417-019-0137-3Specific driving of the suicide E gene by the CEA promoter enhances the effects of paclitaxel in lung cancer
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BETHESDA, MD – Sensing a breakthrough is imminent, scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have publicly announced they are indeed very close to uncovering the fifth abdominal quadrant. Modern medicine is almost regularly producing discoveries and breakthroughs. However, doctors and surgeons have been at a standstill for centuries with regards to the number of abdominal quadrants. As it stands, there are four: the left upper quadrant (LUQ), the right upper quadrant (RUQ),...
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New research identifies which sounds are unbearable for the human brain and explains why we perceive them as such, uncovering complex neural connections.
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Oscarsson N, Müller B, Rosén A, et al. Radiation-induced cystitis treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (RICH-ART): a randomised, controlled, phase 2–3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2019; published online Sept 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30494-2—In the summary of this Article, the first sentence of the Findings section should have read “Of 223 patients screened between May 9, 2012, and Dec 20, 2017, 87 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either hyperbaric oxygen therapy (n=42) or...
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Calais J, Ceci F, Eiber M, et al. 18F-fluciclovine PET-CT and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in patients with early biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy: a prospective, single-centre, single-arm, comparative imaging trial. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20: 1286–94—In this Article, in figure 2, the 18F-fluciclovine detection rate for prostate bed has been corrected to “9 (18%)”. This correction has been made to the online version as of September 23, 2019.
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Introduction: Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPDS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by pustules, erosions and crusting on the scalp. The etiology is theorized to be either autoimmune and trauma. Histologically, EPDS is nonspecific and shows inflammation composed of neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells and multi-nucleated giant cells. Current treatments have variable but largely ineffective results.
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Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes following HAART treatment are seen in about ten per cent of patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The most commonly associated conditions include infections, such as tuberculosis and cytomegalovirus, as well as autoimmune conditions such as immune thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune thyroiditis. The immunological events are still not fully understood. We present a case of a 48-year-old male who developed patchy hair loss on the scalp and...
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Background: Conventional procedures including botulinum toxin and filler injections have their limitations in improving deep wrinkles and decreasing tissue laxity, and possess the propensity for vascular accidents. Absorbable thread is a recently commercialized field, but there is little evidence on comparative superiority.
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Background: Patch testing should be considered for anogenital dermatoses that are atypical or fail to respond to standard therapy. Our data represents results of a single regional center from South West of England.
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Ixekizumab, a human monoclonal antibody, selectively neutralizes IL-17A and clinical trials have shown significant efficacy in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. There is limited information on its effectiveness in a real-world setting, as ixekizumab was approved by the FDA for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in March 2016. Using the Corrona Psoriasis Registry, a prospective observational cohort of patients aged 18 or older launched in April 2015,...
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The term “blueberry muffin baby” is used in general to describe a newborn infant that presents with purple to blue colored skin lesions. This presentation was originally described as a result of an intrauterine infections such as rubella (and other TORCH infections) and is reflective of extramedullary hematopoiesis. Other causes of blueberry muffin baby (BBMB) include neuroblastoma, mastocytosis and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disorder...
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In cutaneous oncology, physicians are confronted with a seemingly overwhelming management challenge when treating patients with extremely numerous (>20) keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs) and clinically obvious field cancerization of multiple body sites. These patients have rapid, synchronous emergence of multiple lesions requiring coordinated multidisciplinary therapeutic and preventative interventions. An immunocompetent 84-year-old white man presented to cutaneous oncology clinic with at least 30...
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Background: The African hair has been found to be fragile with a tendency to break easily because of the curly, dry nature with less tensile strength. Various techniques developed to manage African hair are associated with certain hair and scalp disorders and are sources of distress.
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There is insufficient evidence regarding the benefits of annual skin cancer screenings. However, the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) continues to advocate for annual free skin cancer screenings in communities across the United States. In this study, data obtained from AAD sponsored annual free skin cancer screenings hosted by The University of Virginia Department of Dermatology from 2009 to 2018 were reviewed to examine the potential benefits of these screenings. Of the 2,305 patients seen,...
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Introduction: Risankizumab (RZB) is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds to the p19 subunit and selectively inhibits interleukin-23, a cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of psoriatic lesions. The superior efficacy of RZB compared with ustekinumab (UST) and placebo was demonstrated in 2 replicate phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-comparator–controlled trials, UltIMMA 1 (NCT02684370) and UltIMMA 2 (NCT02684357). Herein we report on the...
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Background: Published literature comparing BoNT-A agents for antibody formation, resistance, and loss of effect is lacking. IncobotulinumtoxinA is the only botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) agent that has removed unnecessary proteins, leaving just the 150 kDa active component. The aim of this study was to assess the BoNT-A agents for decreased therapeutic effect.
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Background: Patients with uncontrolled psoriasis (PsO) have substantial symptoms leading to reduced functioning and impacts on activities that can be measured by patient reported outcomes (PROs). The effect of etanercept (ETN) therapy in PsO patients who have failed apremilast (APR) therapy has recently been studied, including symptom and impact PRO endpoints.
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Hormonal imbalances related to pregnancy, contraceptives and menopause that alter lipid composition cause acne vulgaris (AV) in 15-35% of women ages 30-50. The visibility of the noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions, and the postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and scars from AV can adversely affect quality of life. Traditional treatments against AV can alter stratum corneum integrity and skin function, causing dryness that progresses to premature skin aging, especially in adult women. In this study,...
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Patients undergoing lumbar discectomy are typically referred for postoperative rehabilitation. However, evidence regarding effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation to improve surgical outcome and hasten return to work is scarce with conflicting results in the published literature.
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There are three phases in prophylaxis of surgical site infections (SSI): preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative. There is lack of consensus and paucity of evidence with SSI prophylaxis in the postoperative period.
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Restoration of sagittal balance is critical for deformity correction. Hyperlordotic lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) spacers are available in many sizes, and possess up to 25° of implant lordosis to maximize lumbar lordosis when used in combination with anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) resection. However, angular mismatch between the implant and vertebral endplates may play a role in subsidence due to asymmetric loading of the anterior implant edge. The relationship between implant height...
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Recent literature suggests that utilizing two surgeons for spine deformity correction surgery can improve perioperative outcomes. However, the surgeon's experience and surgical volume are likely just as important.
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Voices are, by nature, idiosyncratic representations of individuals because they possess anatomical, physiological, and psychological characteristics that are unique to them, which contribute to vocal output, and thus, establish the voice as a salient marker of their individuality. The areas of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience have examined the psychological and neurological constructs that form one's sense of self and have employed measures of interoceptive and exteroceptive abilities...
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Laryngeal framework surgery has been a topic of interest since last decades. To succeed with least morbidity, the most important step is mastering the anatomy of larynx. In this study, we aim to show the relation between body height and laryngeal morphometrics that are important during laryngeal framework surgeries.
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Acoustic parameters are widely used as voice quality therapeutic outcomes in many laryngological diseases. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of changes in the nature and duration of the analyzed time interval and the vowel choice on the significance of the acoustic measurements used as therapeutic outcomes in two different diseases.
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New research in mice singles out a group of neurons that may be responsible for our forgetting unnecessary information during the dreaming stage of sleep.
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New research finds that distractions can change people's perceptions of reality, raising interesting questions about what we remember.
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We read with great interest the recent paper published by Desai et al. regarding their analysis of the regional trends in cardiac arrest for patients with sepsis.1 We complement the authors on an interesting study however there are several limitations in the methodology of the manuscript, along with database limitations that need to be highlighted.
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We thank Dr. Müller and Dr. Brejnebøl for their interest in our recently published study on machine-learning in cardiac arrest recognition. We appreciate the interest in our publication and are happy to take part in further discussion.
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We appreciate the comments by Drs. Rush and Hertz in response to our paper regarding the regional variation in the incidence and outcomes of sepsis-associated in-hospital cardiac arrest (SA-IHCA) in the United States (US).1,2 The authors have three main remarks on the paper and we would like to discuss them individually.
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Glutamine and glutamate are major mediators of secondary brain cell death during post-cardiac arrest syndrome. As there is an equilibrium between brain tissue and plasma concentrations of glutamine and glutamate, their elimination from systemic circulation by extracorporeal blood purification may ultimately lead to reduced secondary cell death in the brain. We hypothesized that systemic glutamine and glutamate can be significantly reduced by continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF).
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