Surface measurements with depth: A method for measuring adsorption free energy at the solid–liquid interface was developed on the basis of the inherent link between single‐molecule break junction measurements and the surface coverage of the molecule (see picture). The adsorption free energy measured for amino, methylthio, and pyridyl groups on a gold surface was found to agree quantitatively with theoretical results. Abstract Adsorption plays a critical role in surface and interface processes....
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:11
Leading light: To circumvent the limitations of current photodynamic therapy photosensitizers, the use of bis(dipyrrinato)zinc(II) complexes is proposed. These compounds demonstrate no dark toxicity while showing impressive phototoxicity upon irradiation in monolayer cultures of various cancer cells as well as 3D multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS). Abstract The use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat cancer has received increasing attention over the last years. However, the clinically...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:12
On‐chip tailorability of capacitive gas sensors integrated with in‐situ‐grown Mg metal–organic framework (Mg‐MOF‐74) films is described by H. Cai, D. Zhao, and co‐workers in their Communication (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20190622210.1002/anie.201906222). The Mg‐MOF‐74‐based sensors detect benzene vapor and CO2 selectively at room temperature, and their sensing characteristics can be altered through post‐synthetic modification of the MOF with ethylenediamine, which affects the interactions...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:13
Consecutive BB catalysis: Brønsted base catalysis enables a sequence of events, including trienolate formation, its α‐addition to nitroolefins, and a key intramolecular 1,6‐addition, with two intermediate C=C isomerizations, resulting in the stereoselective one‐pot assembly of tetrasubstituted cyclohexenes. Abstract A catalyst‐driven one‐pot reaction sequence is developed for the enantio‐ and diastereoselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted cyclohexenes from simple unsaturated ketones or thioesters....
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:13
Quid pro quo: London dispersion forces are compensated significantly in solution relative to the gas‐phase at absolute zero. At ambient temperatures, the largest contribution of total compensation stems from solvation; gas‐phase entropy is a minor but still important component. The extent of total compensation in solution is largely independent of solvent bulk polarizability. Abstract The importance of London dispersion for structure and stability of molecules with less than about 200 atoms...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:14
If the hat fits: The depicted catalytic asymmetric photoreaction proceeds through a 1,5‐hydrogen‐atom transfer (HAT) within a photoexcited catalyst/substrate complex, followed by a highly stereocontrolled hetero‐Diels–Alder reaction. This work expands the reaction modes of photoexcited catalyst/substrate complexes for applications in asymmetric catalysis. Abstract 3‐(2‐Formylphenyl)‐1‐pyrazol‐1‐yl‐propenones undergo an asymmetric photorearrangement to benzo[d]cyclopropa[b]pyranones with up...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:15
Bioactive compound design based on natural product (NP) structure may be limited due to partial coverage of NP‐like chemical space and biological target space. These limitations can be overcome by combining NP‐centered strategies with fragment‐based compound design through combination of NP‐derived fragments to structurally unprecedented “pseudo natural products” (pseudo‐NPs). We describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a collection of indomorphan pseudo‐NPs that combine biosynthetically...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:21
Atomically precise enantiomeric metal clusters are of special interest; however, they are scarce, and copper(I) alkynyl clusters with intense circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) responses have not been reported. In this paper, we designed a pair of chiral alkynyl ligands, (R/S)‐2‐diphenyl‐2‐hydroxylmethylpyrrolidine‐1‐propyne (abbreviated as R/S‐DPM), and for the first time, we successfully prepared and characterized single crystals of optically pure enantiomeric pair of atomically‐precise copper(I)...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 17:19
We report here a ‘nonspectator‘ behavior for an unsupported L‐function σ3–P ligand (i.e. P{N[o‐NMe‐C6H4]2}, 1a) in complex with the cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl cation (Fp+). Treatment of 1a•Fp+ with [(Me2N)3S][Me3SiF2] results in fluoride addition to the P‐center, giving the isolable crystalline fluorometallophosphorane 1aF•Fp that allows a crystallographic assessment of the variance in the Fe–P bond as a function of P‐coordination number. The nonspectator reactivity of 1a•Fp+ is rationalized...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 17:49
Direct Addition of Amides to Glycals Enabled by Solvation‐Insusceptible 2‐Haloazolium Salt Catalysis
The direct 2‐deoxyglycosylation of amide with glycals was achieved by a newly designed 2‐chloroazolium salt as Brønsted acid catalyst, which was less likely to form aggregates with amides in comparison to other acid catalysts. This relative insusceptibility to inhibition by amides is likely to be more responsible for the catalytic activity than the strength of the acidity. Abstract The direct 2‐deoxyglycosylation of nucleophiles with glycals leads to biologically and pharmacologically important...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 19:27
A series of TMPA‐based copper(I) complexes (TMPA ≡ tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine), with and without secondary coordination sphere hydrogen‐bonding moieties, were prepared and reactivity with O2 at –135 °C in 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF) was studied. H‐bonding moieties are demonstrated to play a crucial role in the kinetic stabilization of [((X1)(X2)TMPA)CuII(O2•–)]+ cupric superoxide species, sustaining these primary copper‐dioxygen compounds rather than subsequent secondary dicopper‐dioxygen adducts....
Fri Aug 30, 2019 21:18
The detection and elimination of intracellular bacteria remain a major challenge. A major limitation preventing effective treatment of these bacterial infections is the inability to image them with high accuracy at early stage and treat them effectively. In this work, we report an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) bioprobe that can detect bacterial infection and kill bacteria surviving inside macrophages through a dynamic process, notably specific molecular tailoring of the probe by caspase‐1 activation...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 17:30
Differentiating mechanisms of zeolite crystallization is challenging owing to the vast number of species in growth solutions. The presence of amorphous colloidal particles is ubiquitous in many zeolite syntheses, and has led to extensive efforts to understand the driving force(s) for their self‐assembly and putative roles in processes of nucleation and growth. In this study, we use a combination of in situ scanning probe microscopy, particle dissolution measurements, and colloidal stability assays...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 18:23
Οι γυναίκες που λαμβάνουν θεραπεία ορμονικής υποκατάστασης (ΘΟΥ) για τη διαχείριση της συμπτωτολογίας της εμμηνόπαυσης διατρέχουν μεγαλύτερο κίνδυνο εμφάνισης καρκίνου του μαστού, σύμφωνα με νέα μεγάλη έρευνα που δημοσιεύθηκε στο The Lancet. Είναι η πρώτη που εκτίμησε τον κίνδυνο κάθε τέτοια θεραπείας αναδεικνύοντας ότι, αν και αυτός μειώνεται μετά την παύση της ορμονικής θεραπείας διατηρείται για τουλάχιστον μια δεκαετία. Οι ερευνητές του Πανεπιστημίου της Οξφόρδης επαναξιολόγησαν δεδομένα από...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 11:46
Η διακοπή του καπνίσματος μειώνει ήδη από τα πρώτα χρόνια τον κίνδυνο εκδήλωσης απειλητικών για τη ζωή των καπνιστών ασθενειών, ωστόσο οι πρώην καπνιστές κινδυνεύουν περισσότερο από καρδιαγγειακές ασθένειες ακόμα και 25 χρόνια μετά τη διακοπή του καπνίσματος, σύμφωνα με νέα έρευνα που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Journal of the American Medical Association. Μέχρι τώρα ήταν διαδεδομένη η αντίληψη ότι σταματώντας το κάπνισμα μειώνεται δραστικά ο κίνδυνος καρδιαγγειακών ασθενειών, εμφραγμάτων και πολλών μορφών...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 12:49
Μια εξαιρετικά σπάνια γενετική μετάλλαξη η οποία είναι υπεύθυνη για μια μυασθένεια που εμφανίζεται σε συγκεκριμένους ανθρώπους δημιουργεί «φυσική ανοσία» στον ιό του HIV που προκαλεί το AIDS, σύμφωνα με νέα ερευνητικά δεδομένα, τα οποία επικαλείται η εφημερίδα Le Monde. Μέχρι σήμερα ήταν ήδη γνωστή μια γενετική μετάλλαξη, η οποία ανακαλύφθηκε μετά τον «ασθενή του Βερολίνου», Τίμοθι Ρέι Μπράουν, ο οποίος θεωρείται ότι ιάθηκε από το AIDS μετά από μεταμόσχευση βλαστοκυττάρων τα οποία είχαν μια σπάνια...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 13:54
Η άνοια και η οικογενειακή κατάσταση θα μπορούσαν να αποτελούν δύο καταστάσεις που σχετίζονται άμεσα, υποστηρίζει νέα μελέτη του Πανεπιστήμιο του Μίσιγκαν που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Journals of Gerontology. Συγκεκριμένα, η μελέτη βρήκε ότι οι παντρεμένοι έχουν λιγότερες πιθανότητες να πάθουν άνοια καθώς μεγαλώνουν. Από την άλλη πλευρά, οι διαζευγμένοι έχουν περίπου διπλάσιες πιθανότητες από τους παντρεμένους για άνοια, με τους χωρισμένους άνδρες να παρουσιάζουν μεγαλύτερα μειονεκτήματα σε σύγκριση με...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 14:13
Είναι ή δεν είναι μύθος το «γονίδιο της ομοφυλοφιλίας»; Το θέμα αυτό απασχολεί την ιατρική κοινότητα από το 1993, όταν ένας επιστήμονας στο αμερικανικό Εθνικό Ινστιτούτο Καρκίνου εξέτασε το οικογενειακό ιστορικό πάνω από 100 γκέι ανδρών διαπιστώνοντας ότι η ομοφυλοφιλία τους, έτεινε να είναι κληρονομική. Ο ερευνητής Ντιν Χάμερ διαπίστωσε πως πάνω από το 10% των αδελφών των ομοφυλόφιλων ανδρών ήταν γκέι και αυτοί – το ποσοστό του γενικού πληθυσμού που παρουσιάζει αυτή την σεξουαλική τάση είναι...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 16:36
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred method of reperfusion for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). These patients often have multivessel coronary artery disease, with additional angiographically significant lesions in locations separate…
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Up to half of patients presenting with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have multivessel coronary artery disease, and American College of Cardiology–American Heart Association–European Society of Cardiology guidelines have a class IIb recommendation for the treatment of…
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Vertebral osteomyelitis due to Eikenella corrodens is extremely rare. We report an unusual case of an infection caused by E. corrodens in a self-insulin-administering patient with diabetes. Similar to needle licker’s osteomyelitis, our case shows most likely the same pathomechanism and stresses the importance of correct insulin application.
03:05
Objective. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be widely involved in pathological processes of various cancers. However, little is known about their diagnostic values in early gastric cancer (EGC). This study is aimed at exploring whether circulating circRNAs in plasma could act as biomarkers for EGC diagnosis. Materials and Methods. Mass spectrometry (MS) was performed to identify the proteins that at significantly aberrantly levels in gastric cancer (GC) tissues. The target circRNA was...
03:05
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Due to its still undetermined pathogenesis, we are searching for signaling pathways that are important in the development of colorectal cancer. In this article, we present results of study on the role of ADAM proteins in colorectal cancer. The study included 85 adult colorectal cancer patients (48 men, 37 women) and 25 patients in the control group (after diagnostic colonoscopy—without cancer). During hospitalization, a serum sample...
03:05
Evolutionary Computation, Volume 27, Issue 3, Page 377-402, Fall 2019.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 14:00
Evolutionary Computation, Volume 27, Issue 3, Page 403-433, Fall 2019.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 14:00
Evolutionary Computation, Volume 27, Issue 3, Page 435-466, Fall 2019.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 14:00
Evolutionary Computation, Volume 27, Issue 3, Page 497-523, Fall 2019.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 14:00
Evolutionary Computation, Volume 27, Issue 3, Page 467-496, Fall 2019.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 14:00
Evolutionary Computation, Volume 27, Issue 3, Page 525-558, Fall 2019.
Sun Sep 01, 2019 14:00
45 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results: "In Vivo"[jour] These pubmed results were generated on 2019/09/01PubMed comprises more than millions of citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
06:33
Domesticated animals display suites of altered morphological, behavioural and physiological traits compared to their wild ancestors, a phenomenon known as the domestication syndrome (DS). Because these alterations are observed to co-occur across a wide range of present day domesticates, the traits within the DS are assumed to covary within species and a single developmental mechanism has been hypothesized to cause the observed co-occurrence. However, due to the lack of formal testing it is currently...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Much of the enormous phenotypic variation observed across human populations is thought to have arisen from events experienced as our ancestors peopled different regions of the world. However, little is known about the genes involved in these population-specific adaptations. Here we explore this problem by simultaneously examining population-specific sequence and expression differentiation in four human populations. In particular, we design a branch-based statistic to estimate population-specific...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 03:00
Environmental and physiological conditions affect how individual variation is expressed and translated into variance in fitness, the opportunity for natural selection. Competition for limiting resources can magnify variance in fitness and therefore selection, while abundance of resources should reduce it. But even in a common environment the strength of selection can be expected to differ across the sexes, as their fitness is often limited by different resources. Indeed most taxa show a greater opportunity...
Fri Aug 30, 2019 03:00
Divergence in gene expression regulation is common between closely related species and may give rise to incompatibilities in their hybrid progeny. In this study, we investigated the relationship between regulatory evolution within species and reproductive isolation between species. We focused on a well-studied case of hybrid sterility between Mimulus guttatus and M. nasutus, two closely related yellow monkeyflower species, that is caused by two epistatic loci, hybrid male sterility 1 (hms1) and hybrid...
Sun Sep 01, 2019 03:00
Egg trading, whereby simultaneous hermaphrodites exchange each other's eggs for fertilization, constitutes one of the few rigorously documented and most widely cited examples of direct reciprocity among unrelated individuals. Yet how egg trading may initially invade a population of non-trading simultaneous hermaphrodites is still unresolved. Here, we address this question with an analytical model that considers mate encounter rates and costs of egg production in a population that may include traders...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the world's most important food crops. We reconstruct the history of rice dispersal in Asia using whole-genome sequences of >1,400 landraces, coupled with geographic, environmental, archaeobotanical and paleoclimate data. We also identify extrinsic factors that impact genome diversity, with temperature a leading abiotic factor. Originating ~9,000 years ago in the Yangtze Valley, rice diversified into temperate and tropical japonica during a global cooling event ~4,200...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
When bacterial symbionts become associated with their hosts, their genomes are thought to decay inexorably towards an organelle-like fate due to decreased recombination and inefficient selection. Despite extensive theoretical treatment, no empirical study thus far has connected these underlying population genetic processes with long-term evolutionary outcomes. By sampling marine endosymbionts that range from primarily vertical to strictly horizontal transmission, we tested this canonical theory....
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
The wild currant tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium inhabits a wide range of abiotic habitats across its native range of Ecuador and Peru. Although it has served as a key genetic resource for the improvement of domestic cultivars, little is known about the genetic basis of traits underlying local adaptation in this species, nor what abiotic variables are most important for driving differentiation. Here we use redundancy analysis (RDA) and other multivariate statistical methods (structural equation modeling...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Abalones, turban snails, top snails, keyhole limpets and slit shells are just some of the diverse marine Vetigastropoda. With major lineages having ancient divergences in the Paleozoic Era, basal nodes in the phylogeny have been largely unresolved. Here we present the first genomic-scale dataset focused on vetigastropods, including a comprehensive sampling of taxa with all superfamilies and about half of the extant families (41 new transcriptomes, 49 total ingroup terminals). Our recovered topology...
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
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