Surgical reconstruction after a total maxillectomy remains challenging. The standard treatment is the microvascular free flap. In cases of surgical contraindication, oral rehabilitation is usually performed with a palatal obturator prosthesis (PAP). Acceptable anatomical and functional outcomes in terms of speech, mastication, aesthetic appearance, stability, and comfort are not often achieved with a PAP. This technical note describes a technique for reconstruction after total bilateral maxillectomy...
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Outcomes from surgical repair of transverse facial cleft (macrostomia) may not be very satisfactory when conventional methods are used to position the oral commissure to be repaired. To improve patient outcomes, we developed a modified oral commissure positioning and reconstruction method for transverse facial cleft repair.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Major operations on the head and neck that involve microvascular reconstruction and a tracheostomy are prolonged procedures with considerable postoperative risk. Postoperative pulmonary complications are common because of mechanical ventilation, immobility, and inadequate humidification. High-flow heated oxygen therapy (HFOT) may overcome some of these issues, but we know of no published studies to support its use. The aim of this single-site randomised controlled trial therefore was to explore its...
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Recently, a policy decision by ICER (the Institute for Clinical and Economic Research) on the grading of risk-benefit trade offs of investigational peanut immunotherapy regimens was demoted to a “D” (https://icer-review.org/announcements/peanut_evidence_report/), meaning a negative evaluation of the therapy. The report was issued to the public on July 10, 2019.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but potentially life threatening drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction. Vancomycin accounts for approximately two-thirds of DRESS cases due to antibiotics2. This is important to recognize in light of increasing use of Vancomycin; a review of antimicrobial usage in acute care hospitals in the U.S. reports Vancomycin as the most commonly used antimicrobial3. The following case series describes two cases of DRESS associated with...
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by severe, sometimes life-threatening reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAID). Mechanisms driving the disease include overproduction of leukotrienes and loss of anti-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Many cell types contribute to the disease, however eosinophils are markedly elevated and are important drivers of pathology.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Anaphylaxis is considered idiopathic when there is no known trigger. The signs and symptoms of idiopathic anaphylaxis (IA) are identical to those of anaphylaxis due to a known cause and can include cutaneous, circulatory, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurologic symptoms. IA can be a frustrating disease for patients and healthcare providers. Episodes are unpredictable and differential diagnosis is challenging. Current anaphylaxis guidelines have little specific guidance regarding differential...
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Key PointsYIPF5 positively regulates STING-mediated IFN production signaling. YIPF5 is essential for antiviral response against DNA viruses. YIPF5 facilitates STING trafficking by recruiting STING to COPII-coated vesicles.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsMASP-1 is required for physiological LP activation. MASP-3 circulates predominantly in an active form regardless of the role of MASP-1. MASP-3 is pivotal for physiological AP activation via activation of FD.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsTRIM58 interacts with TLR2, negatively regulating its expression in myeloid cells. Myeloid cell Trim58 deficiency increases susceptibility to acute colitis via Tlr2. Mucosal expression of human TRIM58 is reduced in active ulcerative colitis.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key Pointsα4 integrins are dispensable for cDCs and pDCs to populate the CNS in steady-state. Itga4–/– moDCs have a competitive disadvantage to accumulate in the inflamed CNS. Accumulation of CD11b+CD103+ DCs in gut lamina propria is dependent on α4 integrins.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsNAD+ depletion attenuates TLR4 signal transduction in primary human monocytes. The mechanism involves inhibition of protein phosphorylation in the signal cascade. The proteins in the signal pathway are not quantitatively changed by NAD+ depletion.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsVitamin D concentrations in COPD patients were lower than concentrations in controls. TGF-β/Smad signaling and EMT were increased in COPD patients compared with controls. Vitamin D status was inversely correlated with EMT in COPD patients.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsIntracellular cAMP regulates CD39-dependent adenosine production in Tregs. Extracellular cAMP directly participates in Treg-derived adenosine production. Increasing the intracellular cAMP level improves the therapeutic efficacy of iTregs.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsA negative feedback loop, integrin–PI3K–ARAP3–integrin, controls integrin inactivation. Integrin inactivation promotes neutrophil transendothelial migration and recruitment.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsTRAF5 deficiency accelerates wound healing by promoting activation of pDCs. TRAF5 controls proinflammatory cytokine production by pDCs via IRF5.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsPeptides with β-amino acids can bind tightly to MHC-II and activate TCR signaling. Incorporation of β-amino acids enhances resistance to degradation by protease(s). A selected β-amino acid–containing peptide stimulated T cells in mice.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsIL-33 is expressed during early B cell development in both mice and humans. Deficiency of IL-33 promotes B cell fitness via a cell-endogenous mechanism. IL-33 expression is modulated in B cell malignancies.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsEBV latency III B cells display an immunosuppressive profile similar to Bregs. They repress proliferation of T cells and promote expansion of cTregs and uTregs. Expansion of Tregs depends on PD-L1 whose expression depends on the EBV oncogene LMP1.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsFetal and adult blood V9V2 T cells express a different CDR3 repertoire. The postnatal thymus produces a small number of V9V2 thymocytes. Adult blood V9V2 T cells are derived from postnatal V9V2 thymocytes.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsThe transcription of IL-7–AS is dependent on the NF-B/MAPK pathway. IL-7–AS promotes the expression of CCL2, CCL5, CCL7, and IL6. IL-7–AS interacts with p300 and SWI/SNF complex.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsTrout have limited IgM and IgT repertoire diversity in NALT. Intranasal vaccination in trout triggers systemic and mucosal Ig response. IgM and IgT respond to i.p. and intranasal bacterin vaccination.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsHeme induces complement-dependent thromboinflammation in human whole blood. Heme-induced proinflammatory cytokines and tissue factor are C5 dependent. Combined inhibition of C5 and CD14 attenuate prothrombin cleavage.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsHR supports germinal center B cell survival and Ab affinity maturation. HR is active at the hypermutating Ig locus and influences the SHM mutation pattern. The magnitude of A:T mutagenesis during SHM of the Ig V region increases over time.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsRetinoids enhance cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide expression during adipogenesis. The action of retinoids is dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α. The capacity to induce cathelicidin may explain some therapeutic effects of retinoids.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsHuman CD4 T cells have limited cross-reactive memory to avian H7 proteins. CD4 T cell help can be provided to B cells with novel H7/H3 chimeric vaccines.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsInfluenza vaccination primes myeloid cells for enhanced cytokine secretion. Vaccine-enhanced myeloid cytokines boost NK cell responses to influenza virus.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsIL-6R signaling on T cells is essential for controlling chronic viral infection. IL-6R signaling on T cells is required for optimal Ab development. IL-6 signaling on T cells regulates ICOS expression on Tfh cells.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsKIR3DL1 allotypes impact the development of Behcet disease. This association appears to be independent of the effect of HLA-B*51. Different KIR3DL1 allotypes are associated with mucocutaneous and ophthalmic disease.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsInflammatory agent exposure causes c-Abl to interact with and phosphorylate PARP1. Tyrosine phosphorylation of PARP1 is crucial for NF-B activation and gene expression.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsDN B cells are abnormally elevated in MS patients but have the same origin as in HC. DN B cells resemble CSM B cells but appear to be at an earlier maturation state. DN and CSM B cells undergo unique differentiation pathways.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Key PointsBACH1 and myeloid HMOX1 are required for complete muscle regeneration upon acute injury. BACH1–HMOX1 axis is required for coordinated in situ MF phenotype switch. BACH1 regulates inflammatory and repair gene modules in MFs during tissue injury.
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Mon Sep 09, 2019 23:00
Authors: Joseph, Tobin / Ting, Joanna / Butler, Gary
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Authors: Locateli, João Carlos / Lopes, Wendell Arthur / Simões, Caroline Ferraz / de Oliveira, Gustavo Henrique / Oltramari, Karine / Bim, Ricardo Henrique / de Souza Mendes, Victor Hugo / Remor, Jane Maria / Lopera, Carlos Andrés / Nardo Junior, Nelson
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Authors: Flot, Claire / Oliver, Isabelle / Caron, Philippe / Savagner, Frédérique / Tauber, Maithé / Claeyssens, Ségolène / Edouard, Thomas
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Authors: Ibrahim, Alshaymaa A. / Ramadan, Abeer / Wahby, Aliaa Ahmed / Hassan, Mirhane / Soliman, Hend M. / Abdel Hamid, Tamer A.
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
Authors: Santos-Silva, Rita / Costa, Carla / Castro-Correia, Cíntia / Fontoura, Manuel
Sat Aug 31, 2019 03:00
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