Background:Fiber-based prebiotic supplements are marketed for maintaining bowel health and promoting beneficial gut bacteria. However, the association between prebiotic supplement use and colorectal cancer risk and mortality is unknown. Methods:The association between prebiotic use and colorectal cancer risk and mortality was evaluated in postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative study. Self-reported prebiotic use was documented at study enrollment. Adjudicated colorectal cancer cases...
09:05
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Latina women. Although they have a lower incidence of the disease when compared with other population groups such as non-Hispanic white and African-American women, some studies have shown that Latina women have a higher risk of mortality when compared with non-Hispanic white women. This phenomenon can be explained in part by the higher prevalence of aggressive subtypes in Latina women, particularly the triple negative. Such differences in breast cancer–intrinsic...
09:05
Background:Distinctions in the etiology of triple-negative versus luminal breast cancer have become well established using immunohistochemical surrogates [notably estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)]. However, it is unclear whether established immunohistochemical subtypes are the sole or definitive means of etiologically subdividing breast cancers. Methods:We evaluated clinical biomarkers and tumor suppressor p53 with risk factor...
09:05
Background:The association of obesity at diagnosis with prostate cancer progression is uncertain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI; 18.5–<25, 25–<30, 30–<35, ≥35 kg/m2) and prognostic risk at diagnosis, compare the concordance between prognostic risk assessed at diagnostic biopsy versus pathologic risk assessed at surgery across BMI categories, and investigate the association between obesity and prostate cancer recurrence and all-cause death. Methods:We...
09:05
Background:Few studies have evaluated accuracy of self-reported family history of breast and other cancers in racial/ethnic minorities. Methods:We assessed the accuracy of cancer family history reports by women with breast cancer (probands) from the Northern California Breast Cancer Family Registry compared with 2 reference standards: personal cancer history reports by female first-degree relatives and California Cancer Registry records. Results:Probands reported breast cancer in first-degree relatives...
09:05
Background:Leukocyte telomere length has been associated with risk of subsequent pancreatic cancer. Few prospective studies have evaluated the association of prediagnostic leukocyte telomere length with pancreatic cancer survival. Methods:We prospectively examined the association of prediagnostic leukocyte telomere length with overall survival (OS) time among 423 participants diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 1984 and 2008 within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, Nurses' Health...
09:05
Background:Type II diabetes and certain diabetes treatments have been observed to impact breast cancer risk. However, their associations with different breast cancer molecular subtype defined by estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)/HER2 status are unclear. Methods:We conducted a retrospective multi-center population-based case–case study consisting of 4,557 breast cancer cases to evaluate the impact of type II diabetes and diabetes medications on the risk of different breast cancer...
09:05
Financial Incentives to Promote Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Longitudinal Randomized Control Trial
Background:Financial incentives may improve health behaviors. We tested the impact of offering financial incentives for mailed fecal immunochemical test (FIT) completion annually for 3 years. Methods:Patients, ages 50 to 64 years, not up-to-date with screening were randomized to receive either a mailed FIT outreach (n = 6,565), outreach plus $5 (n = 1,000), or $10 (n = 1,000) incentive for completion. Patients who completed the test were reinvited using the same incentive the following year, for...
09:05
Background:To assess the risk of lymphedema associated with the use of calcium channel blockers (CCB) among breast cancer patients. Methods:A nested case–control study of adult female breast cancer patients receiving an antihypertensive agent was conducted using administrative claims data between 2007 and 2015. Cases were patients with lymphedema who were matched to 5 controls based on nest entry date (±180 days), age (±5 years), number of hypertensive drug classes, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI),...
09:05
Background:Cigarette smoking increases the risk of chronic diseases; heating instead of burning tobacco can lower these risks, contributing to tobacco harm reduction. This study (with 984 adult American smokers) examined whether favorable changes occur in 8 co-primary endpoints (HDL-C, WBC, FEV1%pred, COHb, Total NNAL, sICAM-1, 11-DTX-B2, 8-epi-PGF2α) indicative of biological and functional effects when cigarette smokers switch to the heat-not-burn Tobacco Heating System 2.2 (THS). Additionally,...
09:05
Background:Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing provides a much more sensitive method of detection for high-grade lesions than cytology, but specificity is low. Here, we explore the extent to which full HPV genotyping, viral load, and multiplicity of types can be used to improve specificity. Methods:A population-based sample of 47,120 women undergoing cervical screening was tested for 13 high-risk HPV genotypes. Positive predictive values (PPV) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2...
09:05
Background:To date, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted to elucidate lifestyle-related risk factors for multiple myeloma in Asia. We investigated the association of body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol intake with the risk of multiple myeloma mortality through a pooled analysis of more than 800,000 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Methods:The analysis included 805,309 participants contributing 10,221,623 person-years of accumulated follow-up across Asia Cohort Consortium...
09:05
Background:Vaccination against human papillomaviruses (HPV) prevents HPV infections and, consequently, cervical lesions. However, the effect of vaccination on HPV transmission within couples is unknown. Methods:We used data from HITCH, a prospective cohort study of heterosexual couples (women ages 18–24 years) in Montreal, 2005 to 2013. Vaccination history was self-reported. Genital samples were tested for HPV DNA by PCR (linear array). Type-specific viral loads were quantified using real-time PCR....
09:05
Background:We investigated the association between taking herbal medicine (HM) containing aristolochic acid (AA) and the risk of primary liver cancer (PLC) among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods:This is a prospective study for the long-term follow-up of a nationwide population-based cohort of patients ages 18 years or older diagnosed with HCV infection during 1997 to 2010. A total of 223,467 HCV-infected patients were identified using the National Health Insurance Research...
09:05
Douching, Talc Use, and Risk for Ovarian Cancer and Conditions Related to Genital Tract Inflammation
Background:Douching is associated with disorders involving genital tract inflammation and genital talc use with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but their joint effects are infrequently considered. Methods:From 2,040 cases of EOC and 2,100 controls enrolled in eastern Massachusetts and New Hampshire, we used unconditional logistic regression to estimate risk for EOC associated with douching and/or talc use. In subsets of cases and controls, we also collected information about pelvic inflammatory...
09:05
Background:Although an association between alcohol consumption and risk of colorectal cancer is well established, little is known about the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer survival. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to quantitatively assess this association. Methods:Data searches were performed using PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases through December 2018. We estimated pooled RRs with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random-effects...
09:05
Background:Regular aspirin use may lower ovarian cancer risk by blocking the cyclooxygenase enzymes, resulting in lower expression of prostaglandins, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). We evaluated whether higher prediagnosis PGE-M (a urinary biomarker of PGE2) was associated with increased ovarian cancer risk in three prospective cohorts. Methods:We conducted a case–control study nested in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHSII, and Shanghai Women's Health Study. Our analyses included 304 cases...
09:05
Background:The aim of this study was to estimate the cumulative risk of a false-positive (FP) result in a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) through 7 screening rounds and to identify its associated factors in a population-based colorectal cancer screening program. Methods:Retrospective cohort study, which included participants ages 50 to 69 years of a colorectal cancer screening program in Catalonia, Spain. During this period, 2 FOBTs were used (guaiac and immunochemical). A discrete-time survival...
09:05
Background:The Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) contributes to pigmentation, an important risk factor for developing melanoma. Evaluating SNPs in MC1R and association with race/ethnicity, skin type, and perceived cancer risk in a New Mexico (NM) population will elucidate the role of MC1R in a multicultural population. Methods:We genotyped MC1R in 191 NMs attending a primary care clinic in Albuquerque. We obtained individuals' self-identified race/ethnicity, skin type, and perceived cancer risk. We...
09:05
Background:The published circulating miRNA signatures proposed for early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) detection are inconsistent and difficult to replicate. Reproducibility and validation of an miRNA simple signature of NSCLC are prerequisites for translation to clinical application. Methods:The serum level of miR-223 and miR-29c, emerging from published studies, respectively, as a highly sensitive and a highly specific biomarker of early-stage NSCLC, was measured with droplet digital...
09:05
Background:The association between use of menopausal hormone therapy and risk of cutaneous melanoma is highly debated. We investigated the issue in a Finnish nationwide cohort of women ages 50 years or older. Methods:All women who had purchased hormone therapy between 1994 and 2007 were identified from the national Medical Reimbursement Registry and linked to the Finnish Cancer Registry. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) to compare incidence of cutaneous melanoma among hormone therapy...
09:05
Background:Germline genetic variants may influence pathways of tumor progression common to multiple cancer types. Here, we investigated the association between survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis and 128 common genetic variants previously associated with prognosis in genome-wide association studies in different cancer types. Methods:We studied survival outcomes in a large well-documented, prospective, population-based cohort (5,675 patients with colorectal cancer) with up to 20 years' follow-up....
09:05
The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (POCRT) following surgery in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with N2 lymph node metastasis (N2-NSCLC).
Wed Oct 30, 2019 02:00
Research shows disparities in cancer outcomes by ethnicity or socio-economic status. Therefore, it is the aim of our study to perform a matched-pair analysis which compares the outcome of German and non-German...
Wed Oct 30, 2019 02:00
Abstract Purpose Communication in cancer care is multidimensional and may affect patient treatment decision-making and quality of life. This study examined cancer patients’ perceptions of the communication with their cancer specialists and explored its impact on the care they received and the financial burden they experienced. Methods Semi-structured...
08:16
Abstract Since colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors often suffer from long-term adverse health effects of the cancer and its treatment, having a negative impact on their health-related quality of life (HRQL), this study focuses on the association between adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations and HRQL among CRC survivors. In a cross-sectional PROFILES registry study in 1096 CRC survivors (mean time since diagnosis 8.1 years), WCRF/AICR adherence scores (range 0–8, with a higher...
08:16
Abstract Purpose The role of parenteral nutrition in the treatment of malignant bowel obstruction is underestimated since palliative literature mainly focuses on gastric aspiration, nothing per os and antisecretory therapy. The purpose of this review is the appraisal of the literature with a focus on the potential contribution of parenteral nutrition. Methods ...
08:16
Abstract Background Currently the entire treatment of a child with cancer is carried out in a specialized hospital. It would be ideal to conduct part of the treatment at home. This can only be done with adequately trained personnel. In the Netherlands, specialized pediatric oncology home care nurse practitioners have been trained to deliver this kind of care. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted to administer intravenous chemotherapy...
08:16
Abstract Purpose Stepped care (SC), consisting of watchful waiting, guided self-help, problem-solving therapy, and psychotherapy/medication is, compared to care-as-usual (CAU), effective in improving psychological distress. This study presents secondary analyses on subgroups of patients who might specifically benefit from watchful waiting, guided self-help, or the entire SC program. ...
08:16
Abstract Purpose Cutaneous toxicities from novel anticancer treatments are an emerging problem in dermato-oncology. However, the prevalence of those toxicities and necessity of skin consultations are currently unknown. The purpose of our study was to perform an epidemiologic analysis of cutaneous toxicities that were referred to our cutaneous toxicity clinic in Athens, Greece. ...
08:16
Abstract Disparities in access to palliative care services for populations with social disparities have been reported in Western countries. Studies indicate that these populations tend to report higher symptom distress than other population groups. We need to further investigate how social disparities influence symptom burden to improve symptom relief in these populations. Purpose ...
08:16
Abstract Purpose The use of high-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy combined with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may negatively affect a woman’s reproductive potential. Reproductive outcomes such as infertility are a major concern for women who undergo treatment for a haematological cancer diagnosis. Objective This systematic...
08:16
Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between self-reported spiritual/religious concerns and age, gender, and emotional challenges among cancer survivors who have completed a 5-day rehabilitation course at a rehabilitation center in Denmark (the former RehabiliteringsCenter Dallund (RC Dallund)). Methods ...
08:16
Abstract Purpose Rural cancer survivors may disproportionately experience financial problems due to their cancer because of greater travel costs, higher uninsured/underinsured rates, and other factors compared to their urban counterparts. Our objective was to examine rural-urban differences in reported financial problems due to cancer using a nationally representative survey. ...
08:16
Abstract Purpose Patient-reported fatigue after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has not been characterised to date. Fatigue after other prostate cancer (PCa) treatments is known to impact on patient-reported quality of life. The aim of this study was to characterise fatigue, physical activity levels and cardiovascular status post-RARP. Methods ...
08:16
Abstract Purpose Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common and distressing symptom in breast cancer survivors (BCS), with severe impact on quality of life. CRF can be reduced through exercise, but conversely, is also a barrier to exercising. The aim of this article was to apply the intervention mapping protocol (IMP) to develop an exercise adherence intervention for BCS with CRF. ...
08:16
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