In recent years, the photosynthetic bacteria have been used widely in agriculture, but the effects of different agricultural applications on crop rhizosphere microorganism and crops are lack. In this study, we...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
Sepsis is a serious clinical condition resulting from severe infection. High rates of mortality and tissue damage have been reported in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis. Bovine lactoferrin (BLF) ...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
Atherosclerosis is a severe cardiovascular disease characterized by narrowing of the lumen, plaque formation, and blood flow turbulence as a result of cholesterol and lipid accumulation in the inner lining of ...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) by killing millions of citrus cultivars grown on sour orange rootstock worldwide has become one of the most dangerous viral pathogen. Characterization of 12 CTV isolates was analyzed b...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
In recent years, hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) caused by fowl adenovirus (FAdV) infection have resulted in significant economic losses to the poultry industry wor...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
HIV infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) have extensive musculoskeletal system involvement. Arthralgia and myalgia are the most common forms. Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic pain s...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
ACS Infectious DiseasesDOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00395
Thu Oct 31, 2019 06:00
AbstractBackgroundDuring 2014, 4 regions in Togo within the African meningitis belt implemented vaccination campaigns with meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV). From January to July 2016, Togo experienced its first major Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W (NmW) outbreak. We describe the epidemiology, response, and management of the outbreak.MethodsSuspected, probable, and confirmed cases were identified using World Health Organization case definitions. Through case-based surveillance,...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractIn sub-Saharan Africa, bacterial meningitis remains a significant public health problem, especially in the countries of the meningitis belt, where Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A historically caused large-scale epidemics. In 2014, MenAfriNet was established as a consortium of partners supporting strategic implementation of case-based meningitis surveillance to monitor meningitis epidemiology and impact of meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV). MenAfriNet improved data quality...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundAfter successful meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) campaigns since 2010, Burkina Faso introduced MACV in March 2017 into the routine Expanded Programme for Immunization schedule at age 15–18 months, concomitantly with second-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV2). We examined MCV2 coverage in pre- and post-MACV introduction cohorts to describe observed changes regionally and nationally.MethodsA nationwide household cluster survey of children 18–41 months of age...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundThe MenAfriNet consortium was established in 2014 to support implementation of case-based meningitis surveillance in 5 countries in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa: Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Niger, and Togo. Assessing surveillance performance is critical for interpretation of the collected data and implementation of future surveillance-strengthening initiatives.MethodsDetailed epidemiologic and laboratory data were collected on suspected meningitis cases through case-based...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractMeningococcal meningitis remains a significant public health threat, especially in the African meningitis belt where Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A historically caused large-scale epidemics. With the rollout of a novel meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) in the belt, the World Health Organization recommended case-based meningitis surveillance to monitor MACV impact and meningitis epidemiology. In 2014, the MenAfriNet consortium was established to support strategic implementation...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundMeningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) was introduced in Chad during 2011–2012. Meningitis surveillance has been conducted nationwide since 2003, with case-based surveillance (CBS) in select districts from 2012. In 2016, the MenAfriNet consortium supported Chad to implement CBS in 4 additional districts and real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) at the national reference laboratory (NRL) to improve pathogen detection. We describe analysis of bacterial meningitis...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
MenAfriNetmeningitissurveillanceAfrica
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundIn 2010–2017, meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) was introduced in 21 African meningitis belt countries. Neisseria meningitidis A epidemics have been eliminated here; however, non-A serogroup epidemics continue.MethodsWe reviewed epidemiological and laboratory World Health Organization data after MACV introduction in 20 countries. Information from the International Coordinating Group documented reactive vaccination.ResultsIn 2011–2017, 17 outbreaks were reported...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractLaboratories play critical roles in bacterial meningitis disease surveillance in the African meningitis belt, where the highest global burden of meningitis exists. Reinforcement of laboratory capacity ensures rapid detection of meningitis cases and outbreaks and a public health response that is timely, specific, and appropriate. Since 2008, joint efforts to strengthen laboratory capacity by multiple partners, including MenAfriNet, beginning in 2014, have been made in countries within and...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundA novel meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV [MenAfriVac]) was developed as part of efforts to prevent frequent meningitis outbreaks in the African meningitis belt. The MACV was first used widely and with great success, beginning in December 2010, during initial deployment in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. Since then, MACV rollout has continued in other countries in the meningitis belt through mass preventive campaigns and, more recently, introduction into routine childhood...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractNationwide case-based meningitis surveillance was established in Burkina Faso following the introduction of meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine in 2010. However, timely tracking and arrival of cerebrospinal fluid specimens for confirmation at national reference laboratories remained suboptimal. To better understand this gap and identify bottlenecks, the Burkina Faso Ministry of Health, along with key partners, developed and implemented a cloud-based System for Tracking Epidemiological...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractThe introduction and rollout of a meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine, MenAfriVac, in the African meningitis belt has eliminated serogroup A meningococcal infections for >300 million Africans. However, serogroup C, W, and X meningococci continue to circulate and have been responsible for focal epidemics in meningitis belt countries. Affordable multivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines are being developed to prevent these non-A epidemics. This article describes the current epidemiologic...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundThe MenAfriNet Consortium supports strategic implementation of case-based meningitis surveillance in key high-risk countries of the African meningitis belt: Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Niger, and Togo. We describe bacterial meningitis epidemiology in these 5 countries in 2015–2017.MethodsCase-based meningitis surveillance collects case-level demographic and clinical information and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) laboratory results. Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundAfter the re-emergence of serogroup C meningococcal meningitis (MM) in Nigeria and Niger, we aimed to re-evaluate the vaccination policy used to respond to outbreaks of MM in the African meningitis belt by investigating alternative strategies using a lower incidence threshold and information about neighboring districts.MethodsWe used data on suspected and laboratory-confirmed cases in Niger and Nigeria from 2013 to 2017. We calculated global and local Moran’s I-statistics to identify...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundIn 2010, Niger and other meningitis belt countries introduced a meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV). We describe the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in Niger from 2010 to 2018.MethodsSuspected and confirmed meningitis cases from January 1, 2010 to July 15, 2018 were obtained from national aggregate and laboratory surveillance. Cerebrospinal fluid specimens were analyzed by culture and/or polymerase chain reaction. Annual incidence was calculated as cases per...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractWhole-genome sequencing (WGS) is invaluable for studying the epidemiology of meningococcal disease. Here we provide a perspective on the use of WGS for meningococcal molecular surveillance and outbreak investigation, where it helps to characterize pathogens, predict pathogen traits, identify emerging pathogens, and investigate pathogen transmission during outbreaks. Standardization of WGS workflows has facilitated their implementation by clinical and public health laboratories (PHLs), but...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractIn 2016, Mali reported a bacterial meningitis outbreak consisting of 39 suspected cases between epidemiologic weeks 9 and 17 with 15% case fatality ratio in the health district of Ouéléssebougou, 80 kilometers from the capital Bamako. Cerebrospinal fluid specimens from 29 cases were tested by culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction; 22 (76%) were positive for bacterial meningitis pathogens, 16 (73%) of which were Neisseria meningitidis (Nm). Of the Nm-positive specimens, 14 (88%)...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractBackgroundIn 2013, Burkina Faso introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into the routine childhood immunization program, to be administered to children at 8, 12, and 16 weeks of age. We evaluated the impact of PCV13 on pneumococcal meningitis.MethodsUsing nationwide surveillance, we gathered demographic/clinical information and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) results for meningitis cases. Pneumococcal cases were confirmed by culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or latex...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
AbstractSince the progressive introduction of the meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine within Africa’s meningitis belt beginning in 2010, the burden of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA) has substantially decreased. Non-A serogroups C/W/X are now the most prevalent. Surveillance within the belt has historically focused on the clinical syndrome of meningitis, the classic presentation for NmA, and may not adequately capture other presentations of invasive meningococcal...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s):
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s): Regina E. Nailon, Mark E. RuppBackgroundLimited data are available regarding central venous catheter (CVC)-related complications that occur in home care. A practical out-of-hospital surveillance mechanism is needed.MethodsHome health/infusion agencies in 4 states submitted monthly data from January 2011 through March 2015. Data were collected by patient age and included number of patients on...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s):
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s):
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s):
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s):
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: November 2019Source: American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 47, Issue 11Author(s):
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Fuminori Tanabe, Yukiko Uchida, Soichi Arakawa, Michiko MorimotoBackgroundHealth care workers wear protective clothing when caring for patients with infectious diseases. However, during the action of patient care, the generated contact pressure may damage the surface of the protective clothing.MethodsFabrics of protective clothing were damaged by a machine using a force similar to the contact...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Ji Young Park, Ki Tae Kwon, Won Kee Lee, Hye In Kim, Min Jung Kim, Do Young Song, Mi Hyae Yu, Hyun Ju Park, Kyeong Hee Lee, Hyun Ju ChaeBackgroundIn September 2016, the Korean National Health Insurance Service began reimbursing infection control (IC) costs on the condition that a certain number of doctors and full-time nurses for IC be allocated to supported hospitals. We analyzed the impact...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Eric Ochoa-Hein, Su J. Choi, Jonathan A. Gómez-Santillán, José A. Oyervides-Alvarado, Arturo Galindo-Fraga, Eduardo Rivero-Sigarroa, Thierry Hernández-Gilsoul, José G. Domínguez-CheritA multimodal preventive strategy consisting of a ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) preventive bundle plus 3 additional sequential interventions (noninvasive ventilation, reeducation of health care workers, and...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Ehsan S. Mousavi, Dennis Bausman, Mahammadsoroush TafazzoliBackgroundHealth care facilities require frequent renovations to maintain or enhance their service, and to meet the dynamic demands of their patients. Construction activities in active health care facilities are a significant contributor to various challenges that range from infection to death. It is therefore essential to minimize the...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Ilana Livshiz-Riven, Leonid Koyfman, Ronit Nativ, Asaf Danziger, Alexander Shalman, Dmitry Frank, Boris Shvarts, Ofira Azulay, Evgeniya Ivanova, Tomer Ziv-Baran, Moti Klein, Matthew Boyko, Alexander Zlotnik, Abraham Borer, Evgeni BrotfainBackgroundTo compare covert closed-circuit television (CCTV) monitoring to standard overt observation in assessing the hand hygiene (HH) conduct of health care...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 19:35
AbstractObjectiveClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) frequently causes colitis following antibiotic exposure and is a leading cause of gastrointestinal infectious mortality. Infection in the small bowel, C. difficile enteritis (CDE), was previously thought impossible, but case series have challenged this dogma. Clostridioides difficile enteritis prevalence, severity, and potential risk factors are unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all total colectomy patients over a 20-year period at...
Thu Oct 31, 2019 02:00
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