Abstract Background Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are one of the sources of IL‐5 and IL‐13 in allergic airway inflammation. Innate immune receptors such as Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) expressed on epithelial cells could contribute to ILC2 activation through IL‐33 production, but a direct effect of TLRs on ILC2s remains to be elucidated. Objectives We hypothesized that TLRs can directly activate lung ILC2s and participate in the pathogenesis of asthma. Methods After intranasal...
Sun Sep 08, 2019 17:03
Abstract Background Polymerized‐allergoids conjugated to mannan (PM) are suitable vaccines for allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT). Alum remains the most widely used adjuvant in AIT, but its way of action is not completely elucidated. The better understanding of the mechanisms underlying alum adjuvanticity could help to improve AIT vaccine formulations. Objective We sought to investigate the potential influence of alum in the tolerogenic properties imprinted by PM at the molecular level....
Sun Sep 08, 2019 16:25
Abstract Background Allergic diseases and especially allergic asthma are widespread diseases with high prevalence in childhood, but also in adults. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is a key regulator of the sphingolipid pathway. Previous studies defined the association of ASM with the pathogenesis of TH1‐directed lung diseases like cystic fibrosis and acute lung injury. Here, we define the role of ASM in TH2‐regulated allergic bronchial asthma. Methods To determine the role of Asm under baseline...
Sun Sep 08, 2019 16:25
Abstract Background and objectives Urticaria is a frequent skin condition, but reliable prevalence estimates from population studies particularly of the chronic form are scarce. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate and summarize the prevalence of chronic urticaria by evaluating population‐based studies worldwide. Methods We performed a systematic search in PUBMED and EMBASE for population‐based studies of cross‐sectional or cohort design and studies based on health...
Sun Sep 08, 2019 16:24
Abstract The nominalist definition acknowledges asthma as an abnormality of the airways, typically comprising of variable airflow limitation over short periods of time, hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation (1). The severity of asthma has primarily been assessed by the level of treatment required to control symptoms and exacerbations, with corticosteroids (inhaled and/or oral) as the mainstay treatment for suppressing the overall inflammatory component (2). This article is protected by copyright....
Sun Sep 08, 2019 16:23
Publication date: Available online 7 September 2019Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Ane Johannessen, Marianne Lønnebotn, Lucia Calciano, Bryndis Benediktsdóttir, Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen, Lennart Bråbäck, Shyamali Dharmage, Karl A. Franklin, Thorarinn Gislason, Mathias Holm, Christer Janson, Deborah Jarvis, Rain Jõgi, Jeong-Lim Kim, Jorunn Kirkeleit, Caroline Lodge, Andrei Malinovschi, Jesus Martinez-Moratalla, Roy Miodini Nilsen, Antonio Pereira-VegaAbstractBackgroundOverweight...
Sun Sep 08, 2019 15:06
We performed a prospective immunohistochemical analysis of lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) for 430 consecutive patients with advanced gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or rare cancers between June 2012 and March 2016. Most patients (428/430, 99.5%) were evaluable for LAG3 expression by immunohistochemistry. In total, 18.5% (79/428) of the evaluated cancers expressed LAG3, including pancreatic cancer (33.3%, 2/6), gastric cancer (24.7%, 21/85), colorectal cancer (23.6%, 48/203), melanoma (12.5%,...
Sat Sep 07, 2019 02:02
The success of immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma has paved the way for unprecedented successes in the treatment of many other malignancies. We present a case of extensively metastatic oral mucosal melanoma that responded successfully to combined immune checkpoint blockade with ipilimumab and nivolumab but developed multiple immune-related adverse events, including myocarditis, a rare event associated with immunotherapy of elderly melanoma patients. Though the acute...
Sat Sep 07, 2019 02:02
Folate receptor alpha (αFR) is overexpressed in 90% of ovarian cancers, one of the most lethal gynecologic cancers. Recent studies have suggested that natural killer (NK) cells may be better chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) drivers because of their favorable innate characteristics, such as directly recognizing and killing tumor cells. However, the therapeutic effects of CAR-engineered NK cells targeting αFR in ovarian cancer have not been reported. In this research, 3 generations of anti-αFR CAR were...
Sat Sep 07, 2019 02:02
Immune checkpoint inhibitors deeply improved the prognosis of metastatic melanoma or other types of cancer, but their related adverse effects (AEs) can be very severe, especially when the neurological system is touched, as in myasthenia gravis (MG). It is a rare immune AE that can be life-threatening and can be revealed by several symptoms. We report a case of our experience and review the current literature of MG exacerbated or occurring during immunotherapy to describe characteristics of this AE,...
Sat Sep 07, 2019 02:02
On the basis of the autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or genetically modified TILs for adoptive cell therapy have received more attention. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression on the T cells exert complex response during the tumor immune response. But the composition and function of PD-1+T-cell subsets in TILs from human lung cancer still limited. In blood and TILs from human lung cancer patients, we confirmed that PD-1 is expressed in higher levels in CD4+T-cell subsets...
Sat Sep 07, 2019 02:02
By targeting receptors that serve to downregulate the cellular immune system, monoclonal antibodies such as ipilimumab and nivolumab have transformed the management of metastatic melanoma, and their use is referred to as immune checkpoint therapy (ICT). However, because the antitumoral activity of these agents is achieved through the reversal of mechanisms that naturally serve to temper the immune response, the potential for adverse reactions secondary to autoimmunity is of clinical significance....
Sat Sep 07, 2019 02:02
Despite the low prevalence for all asthma patients, those with severe disease account for a disproportionately large economic burden.
Fri Sep 06, 2019 03:00
The rising incidence of pediatric food allergy results in significant health care burden and family stress. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been shown to induce tolerance to peanut, milk and egg. OIT for other foods, particularly multiple foods simultaneously, has not been thoroughly studied.
Fri Sep 06, 2019 03:00
Background This study evaluated the effect of bilateral endoscopic sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) for management of postoperative pain in patients undergoing septoplasty. Methods Sixty septoplasty patients (51.7% male, 48.3% female, aged 18 to 45 years) were randomly assigned to general anesthesia (GA) alone (control) (n = 30) or GA plus endoscopic SPGB (n = 30). Demographic data, duration of surgery, blood loss, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores (upon arrival at...
Thu Sep 05, 2019 20:54
Compared to non-allergic individuals, food allergic individuals have impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL). However, effects of gender and age are unclear. The objective of our study was to describe a...
Thu Sep 05, 2019 03:00
The incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps has recently increased in Japan and other East Asian countries, and this disease is called eosinophilic chronic sinusitis (ECRS) in Japan. ECRS usually...
Thu Sep 05, 2019 03:00
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2019Source: Allergology InternationalAuthor(s): Nobuo Ohta, Yusuke Suzuki, Hiroki Ikeda, Naoya Noguchi, Risako Kakuta, Takahiro Suzuki, Ryoukichi Ikeda, Muneharu Yamazaki, Yutaro Saito, Yusuke Kusano, Yusuke Ishida, Fumi Shoji, Hina Yoshioka, Junya Ono, Tomoko Takahashi, Yutaka Nakamura, Isao Ohno, Kenji Izuhara
Fri Sep 06, 2019 15:55
Publication date: Available online 6 September 2019Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & ImmunologyAuthor(s): Amy A. Eapen, William J. Lavery, Jaweriah S. Siddiqui, Michelle B. Lierl, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Allergy and ImmunologyAbstractBackgroundThe rising incidence of pediatric food allergy results in significant health care burden and family stress. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been shown to induce tolerance to peanut, milk and egg. OIT for other foods, particularly...
Fri Sep 06, 2019 15:12
Publication date: Available online 6 September 2019Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & ImmunologyAuthor(s): Russell A. Settipane, James L. Kreindler, Yen Chung, Joseph TkaczAbstractBackgroundDespite the low prevalence for all asthma patients, those with severe disease account for a disproportionately large economic burden.ObjectiveTo evaluate current direct health care and productivity loss costs associated with asthma patients receiving Global Initiative for Asthma Step 4/5 therapy (“G4/5 asthma”)...
Fri Sep 06, 2019 15:12
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2019Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & ImmunologyAuthor(s): Alexander Horbal, David McGarry, Stephanie Reznick, Robert Hostoffer, Haig Tcheurekdjian
Fri Sep 06, 2019 15:12
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2019Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & ImmunologyAuthor(s): Kirti J. Johal, Sarbjit S. SainiAbstractObjectiveTo review the published literature on current and new treatments for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and to provide guidance on the potential use of these therapeutics.Data SourcesA PubMed search was performed to include Englishlanguage articles with the keywords chronic spontaneous urticaria, pathophysiology, quality of life, and treatments...
Fri Sep 06, 2019 15:12
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2019Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & ImmunologyAuthor(s): Brittney M. Donovan, Lisa Bastarache, Kedir N. Turi, Mary M. Zutter, Tina V. HartertAbstractObjectiveTo review the state of omics science specific to asthma and allergic diseases and discuss the current and potential applicability of omics in clinical disease prediction, treatment, and managementData SourcesStudies and reviews focused on the use of omics technologies in asthma and allergic...
Fri Sep 06, 2019 15:12
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