Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0332-8Quantum teleportation moves the quantum state of a system between physical locations without losing its coherence, an essential criterion for emerging quantum information applications. Now, electron-spin-state teleportation in covalent organic electron donor–acceptor–stable radical molecules is demonstrated using entangled electron spins produced by photo-induced electron transfer.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0330-xThe Z phase, one of three fundamental Frank–Kasper phases—topologically close-packed structures commonly found in metal alloys—is associated with a relatively large volume ratio between its constituents. This means it is typically not formed in single-component soft materials. Now, a shape amphiphile has been shown to self-assemble in a variety of unconventional structures, including the Z phase.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0334-6Celebration of a chemical centenary
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0339-1The biosynthetic pathway that produces the structurally uncharacterized gut bacterial genotoxin colibactin can produce unstable, macrocyclic products; however, the extent to which these structures contribute to colibactin’s biological activities is not yet fully understood. Now, two recent studies have provided new insights and reached distinct conclusions regarding their potential mechanisms of action and relevance...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0336-4The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry — whose 100th anniversary fittingly falls during the International Year of the Periodic Table — is most recognized for its role in the naming of new elements. This is part of a wider effort to help create a common chemistry language for humans and machines alike.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Controllable catalytic difluorocarbene transfer enables access to diversified fluoroalkylated arenes
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0331-9Difluorocarbene transfer is mostly limited to reactions that utilize its intrinsic electrophilicity. Now, a controllable palladium-catalysed difluorocarbene transfer reaction is reported that involves nucleophilic and electrophilic palladium difluorocarbene species. The selective reactions between arylboronic acids and the difluorocarbene precursor BrCF2PO(OEt)2 give four different products—difluoromethylated and...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0327-5It is difficult to prepare 2D polymers that are crystalline over large areas. Now, few-layer 2D polyimides and polyamides with good crystallinity on the micrometre scale have been synthesized on a water surface. A surfactant monolayer is used to organize amine monomers before their polymerization with anhydride moieties.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41557-019-0321-yAsymmetric autocatalysis—such as that observed experimentally in the Soai reaction—may have been responsible for the origin of biological homochirality. The magnitude of the energy imbalance required to induce directed symmetry breaking and asymmetric amplification in the Soai reaction has now been identified and compared to the parity violation energy difference.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Mon Sep 23, 2019 18:05
Abstract Background Radiation therapy (RT) remains a mainstay for the treatment of lower grade gliomas. Radiation neurotoxicity is a serious complication, carrying high morbidity in the absence of tumor progression. The incidence remains poorly categorized and known risk factors identified are related to the radiation modality. We hypothesized that patients with oligodendroglioma have a higher risk of radiation necrosis (RN) as compared...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract Introduction The primary goal of treatment in spinal metastasis is typically to extend patients’ lifespan as much as possible, and optimally to relieve the symptoms and so improve quality of life. It is crucial to avoid over- or under-treatment, according to each patient’s individual situation. Thus, this study aimed to identify significant prognostic factors for patients living with metastatic spine disease, and create a new...
Mon Sep 09, 2019 03:00
Abstract Nowadays, hadrontherapy is increasingly used for the treatment of various tumors, in particular of those resistant to conventional radiotherapy. Proton and carbon ions are characterized by physical and biological features that allow a high radiation dose to tumors, minimizing irradiation to adjacent normal tissues. For this reason, radioresistant tumors and tumors located near highly radiosensitive critical organs, such as skull base tumors, represent the best target...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract Background Data used for training of deep learning networks usually needs large amounts of accurate labels. These labels are usually extracted from reports using natural language processing or by time-consuming manual review. The aim of this study was therefore to develop and evaluate a workflow for using data from structured reports as labels to be used in a deep learning application. ...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract The presence of endoleaks remains one of the main drawbacks of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms leading to the increase of the size of the aneurysmal sac and in most of the cases to repeated interventions. A variety of devices and percutaneous techniques have been developed so far to prevent and treat this phenomenon, including sealing of the aneurysmal sac, endovascular embolisation, and direct sac puncture. The aim of this review is to analyse the...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract The present survey describes the state-of-the-art techniques for dynamic cardiac magnetic resonance image reconstruction. Additionally, clinical relevance, main challenges, and future trends of this image modality are outlined. Thus, this paper aims to provide a general vision about cine MRI as the standard procedure in functional evaluation of the heart, focusing on technical methodologies.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract Background Diagnostic radiology residency programs pursuits as main objectives of the development of diagnostic capabilities and written communication skills to answer clinicians’ questions of referring clinicians. There has been also an increasing focus on competencies, rather than just education inputs. Then, to show ongoing professional development is necessary for a system to assess and document...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract Background This study aimed to prospectively investigate patients’ satisfaction with briefings before computed tomography (CT) examinations, determine feasibility, and identify factors influencing patient satisfaction independent of patient and physician characteristics. Methods One hundred sixty patients received information by a radiologist...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract Objective To develop and assess the value and limitations of an image quality scoring criteria (IQSC) for pediatric CT exams. Methods IQSC was developed for subjective assessment of image quality using the scoring scale from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating desired anatomy or features not seen, 3 for adequate image quality, and 4 depicting...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract In the last years, there has been a significant increase in the number of cesarean deliveries and, with it, of the number of complications following the procedure. They can be divided into early and late ones. We will illustrate herein the most common complications following cesarean section to help radiologists to recognize them. To familiarize with these various pathologic conditions is crucial to alert referring clinicians for a prompt and appropriate maternal and...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Recurrent use of oral corticosteroids (OCS) and over-use of short-acting beta-2-agonists (SABA) are factors associated with adverse side effects and asthma-related death. We aim to quantify high OCS exposure, ...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
A survey of the labour force in 2012/2013 reported that Pakistan’s total workforce is 59.74 million, of which 45.98 million are male and 13.76 million are female. Employment shares are, construction (7.4%), manufacturing (14.1%), transport (5.5%,) agriculture and allied activities (43.7%), and wholesale and retail trade (14.4%) .1 In Pakistan, there is no national system for recording occupational injuries and work-related casualties. Most accidents are not reported to the labour department, so there...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 19:00
Abstract Stable isotope analyses are frequently used to study trophic interactions, diet, and community processes, but they have seldom been applied to investigate the trophic niche structure of entire clades. In this paper, we assess stable isotopes information in a phylogenetic context to evaluate trophic evolution across the phylogeny of a diversified group of Neotropical cricetid rodents. A total of 139 hair samples of 47 species of Akodontini rodents were collected from five...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12334-ySynthetic RNA-based devices can dynamically control a wide range of processes. Here the authors develop a quantitative and high-throughput mammalian cell-based RNA-seq assay to efficiently engineer ribozyme switches.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12188-4Munc18-1 and Munc13-1 are key for the exquisite regulation of neurotransmitter release. Here biophysical experiments show how αSNAP inhibits liposome fusion mediated by the neuronal SNAREs and how Munc18-1 overcomes this inhibition, ensuring that release depends on Munc18-1 and Munc13-1.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12095-8Publisher Correction: Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11921-3Large area and homogeneous PANI thin films are important in high-performance organic electronics, but controlling the thickness and crystallinity in PANI thin films is challenging. Here the authors use air-water interface and surfactant monolayer templates to synthesize large area crystalline PANI films with tunable thickness.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 23 September 2019; doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12288-1Addendum: Irrational behavior in C. elegans arises from asymmetric modulatory effects within single sensory neurons
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Στη μελέτη που δημοσιεύθηκε στο Scientific Reports ο Δρ. Jhamandas και η ομάδα του βρήκαν δύο πεπτίδια τα οποία όταν εγχύθηκαν σε ποντίκια με νόσο Αλτσχάιμερ ημερησίως για πέντε εβδομάδες, βελτίωσαν σημαντικά τη μνήμη των πειραματόζωων. Η θεραπεία μείωσε επίσης ορισμένες από τις επιβλαβείς αλλαγές που επέρχονται στον εγκέφαλο και σχετίζονται με τη νόσο. «Παρατηρήσαμε λιγότερη συσσώρευση αμυλοειδούς πλάκας και μείωση στη φλεγμονή του εγκεφάλου στα ποντίκια που έλαβαν τη φαρμακευτική αγωγή», δήλωσε...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 13:05
Για ακόμα μία φορά, οι επιστήμονες επιβεβαιώνουν ότι οι ζωντανοί μικροοργανισμοί που ενισχύουν τα «καλά βακτήρια» στο έντερο μπορούν να συμβάλουν στην απώλεια βάρους. Σε μια μελέτη που παρουσιάστηκε στο ετήσιο συνέδριο της Ευρωπαϊκής Εταιρείας Παιδιατρικής Ενδοκρινολογίας, οι ερευνητές μελέτησαν μια ομάδα υπέρβαρων παιδιών στα οποία δόθηκαν συμπληρώματα προβιοτικών και ένα πρόγραμμα άσκησης και διατροφής. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι τα παιδιά που έπαιρναν προβιοτικά έχασαν πολύ περισσότερο βάρος...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 13:20
Αν και η μυωπία είναι ένα σύνηθες πρόβλημα, στο οποίο συχνά δεν δίνουμε ιδιαίτερη σημασία, υπάρχει σύνδεση ανάμεσα στη μυωπία και την τύφλωση γεγονός που καθιστά επιτακτική την ανάγκη τακτικών επισκέψεων στον οφθαλμίατρο, σύμφωνα με νέα έρευνα την οποία επικαλείται η Le Parisien. Η μυωπία βρίσκεται στο επίκεντρο της νέας έρευνας που διεξήχθη σε δείγμα 200.000 ατόμων από το γαλλικό οφθαλμολογικό κέντρο Point Vision. Η μελέτη αυτή κατέδειξε τη σοβαρότητα που μπορεί να έχουν οι επιπλοκές της μυωπίας,...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 13:46
Τα βρέφη που προσλαμβάνουν σημαντικές ποσότητες γλουτένης διατρέχουν αυξημένο κίνδυνο εμφάνισης διαβήτη τύπου 1, σύμφωνα με νέα νορβηγική έρευνα την οποία επικαλείται η εφημερίδα Independent. Η συγκεκριμένη μελέτη, που δημοσιεύτηκε στην Ευρωπαϊκή Εταιρεία Έρευνας για τον Διαβήτη στη Βαρκελώνη, έδειξε ότι για κάθε 10 γραμμάρια γλουτένης που καταναλώνουν βρέφη έως 18 μηνών αυξάνεται κατά 46% ο κίνδυνος εμφάνισης διαβήτη τύπου 1. Οι ερευνητές ανέλυσαν δεδομένα από παιδιά που γεννήθηκαν από το 1999...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 17:29
The transcription factor HOXD9 is one of the members of the HOX family, which plays an important role in neoplastic processes. However, the role of HOXD9 in the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) rem...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
The genomes of mitochondria are usually depicted as rings or circles. But in plants, 1 ring does not rule them all. A new study of lettuce shows that the mitochondrial genome often forms branching structures with elements that can be swapped around like a chopped salad.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 16:31
Findings from an innovative new study reveal that the way in which human fungal pathogens form colonies can significantly impact their ability to cause disease. Understanding how these colonies form could lead to new therapies that target these infections in critically ill patients.
Mon Sep 23, 2019 21:08
Abstract Purpose The occipital condyles (OCs) are crucial anatomical structures in the cranial base. To our knowledge, there is no cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based study on the morphometric analysis of OCs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric analysis of OCs using CBCT. Methods CBCT images of 200 OCs from 100 patients of which...
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study is to study the details of dimensions and shape of oval window in different age groups, sides and genders and their clinical implications. The oval window is a key structure while performing surgeries in relation to stapes. An intricate knowledge of the shape and size of the oval window is important for the reconstruction and fitting of cartilage compatible with the native shape of the oval window....
Mon Sep 23, 2019 03:00
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