Early Brain Injury After Poor-Grade Subarachnoid HemorrhageAbstract Purpose of Review Over the last years, the focus of clinical and animal research in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) shifted towards the early phase after the bleeding based on the association of the early injury pattern (first 72 h) with secondary complications and poor outcome. This phase is commonly referenced as early brain injury (EBI). In this clinical review, we inte- Novel dominant KATP channel mutations in infants with congenital hyperinsulinism: Validation by in vitro expression studies and in vivo carrier phenotypingAbstract Inactivating mutations in the genes encoding the two subunits of the pancreatic beta‐cell KATP channel, ABCC8 and KCNJ11, are the most common finding in children with congenital hyperinsulinism (HI). Interpreting novel missense variants in these genes is problematic, because they can be either dominant or recessive mutations, benign polymorphisms, or diabetes mutations. This report describes six novel missense variants in ABCC8 and KCNJ
- Interference of Skin Scratching Attenuates Accumulation of Neutrophils in Murine Allergic Contact Dermatitis ModelAbstract We recently reported that swelling resulting from 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) challenge might be associated with recruitment of neutrophils. However, it is not known whether neutrophil recruitment is affected by scratching at inflamed sites or not. Therefore, the effects of an Elizabethan collar on the TNCB-induced upregulation of ELR-positive chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, a
- Weight management merits attention in women with infertility: a cross-sectional study on the association of anthropometric indices with hormonal imbalance in a Ghanaian populationThis study determined the association of anthropometric indices with hormonal imbalance among infertile women in a Ghanaian population.
- Association between Biomarkers of Low-grade Inflammation and Sex Hormones in Women with Polycystic Ovary SyndromeExp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0992-9114 Objective Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher circulating levels of C-reactive protein, but the relationship between inflammation and endocrine function in PCOS remains poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between low-grade inflammation and sex hormones in women with PCOS. Design and Patients A comprehensive panel of biomarkers of inflam
- Serum CA 19–9 Level is Correlated to the Clinical Characteristics and Chronic Complications of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes MellitusExp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0994-9970 Aim This study investigated the relation of serum carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA 19–9) levels to the clinical characteristics and chronic complications of patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 371 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and 133 healthy people with consecutively matched age were compared. The 371 patients with T2DM were divided i
- Collective aggressiveness limits colony persistence in high but not low elevation sites in Amazonian social spidersAbstract Identifying the traits that foster group survival in contrasting environments is important for understanding local adaptation in social systems. Here we evaluate the relationship between the aggressiveness of social spider colonies and their persistence along an elevation gradient using the Amazonian spider, Anelosimus eximius. We found that colonies of A. eximius exhibit repeatable differences in their collective aggressiveness (latenc
- Glycosylation of DMP1 maintains cranial sutures in miceAbstract Background Craniosynostosis, a severe craniofacial developmental disease, can only be treated with surgery currently. Recent studies have shown that proteoglycans are involved in the suture development. For the bone matrix protein, dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), glycosylation on the N‐terminal of it could generate a functional proteoglycan form of DMP1 during osteogenesis. We identified that the proteoglycan form of DMP1 (DMP1‐PG) i
- Impact of adenotonsillectomy on the evolution of inflammatory markersAbstract Lymphoid organs of Waldeyer's ring, mainly the palatal and pharyngeal (adenoid) tonsils, are the first immunocompetent tissues contacting exogenous microorganisms because of their strategic location at the entry of the respiratory and digestive systems.1 Tonsils are secondary lymphoid organs included in the mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue. They are organized in a manner closely related to their function in the immune system. In the ex
- Elevated mutation rates are unlikely to evolve in sexual species, not even under rapid environmental changeOrganisms are expected to respond to changing environmental conditions through local adaptation, range shift or local extinction. The process of local adaptation can occur by genetic changes or phenotypic plas...
- Characterization of the melanopsin gene (Opn4x) of diurnal and nocturnal snakesA number of non-visual responses to light in vertebrates, such as circadian rhythm control and pupillary light reflex, are mediated by melanopsins, G-protein coupled membrane receptors, conjugated to a retinal...
- The anatomy and development of the nervous system in Magelonidae (Annelida) – insights into the evolution of the annelid brainThe annelid anterior central nervous system is often described to consist of a dorsal prostomial brain, consisting of several commissures and connected to the ventral ganglionic nerve cord via circumesophageal...
- Anthropometric heritability and child growth in a Caribbean village: A quantitative genetic analysis of longitudinal height, weight, and body mass index in Bwa Mawego, DominicaAbstract Objectives Body size and composition vary widely among individuals and populations, and long‐term research in diverse contexts informs our understanding of genetic, cultural, and environmental impacts on this variation. We analyze longitudinal measures of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) from a Caribbean village, estimating the extent to which these anthropometrics are shaped by genetic variance in a small‐scale population o
- Elevated mutation rates are unlikely to evolve in sexual species, not even under rapid environmental changeOrganisms are expected to respond to changing environmental conditions through local adaptation, range shift or local extinction. The process of local adaptation can occur by genetic changes or phenotypic plas...
- Characterization of the melanopsin gene (Opn4x) of diurnal and nocturnal snakesA number of non-visual responses to light in vertebrates, such as circadian rhythm control and pupillary light reflex, are mediated by melanopsins, G-protein coupled membrane receptors, conjugated to a retinal...
- The anatomy and development of the nervous system in Magelonidae (Annelida) – insights into the evolution of the annelid brainThe annelid anterior central nervous system is often described to consist of a dorsal prostomial brain, consisting of several commissures and connected to the ventral ganglionic nerve cord via circumesophageal...
- Simon D. MessingJuly 13, 1922–September 25, 2018. Simon Messing, four-field and applied medical anthropologist, passed away on September 25, 2018. Messing began life in Frankfurt-am-Main. He studied at the famed Raphael Hirsch school of religious and liberal studies in that city and graduated in 1938, shortly before the Nazis closed the school. In 1939, he escaped Germany with a scholarship and a student visa to study in Liverpool in the United Kingdo
- A face for Lucy's ancestorResearchers have discovered a remarkably complete 3.8-million-year-old cranium of Australopithecus anamensis at Woranso-Mille in Ethiopia. The 3.8 million-year-old fossil cranium represents a time interval between 4.1 and 3.6 million years ago.
- Psychosocial Syndemic Correlates of Sexual Compulsivity Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Meta-Analysis.Related ArticlesPsychosocial Syndemic Correlates of Sexual Compulsivity Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Meta-Analysis. Arch Sex Behav. 2018 01;47(1):75-93 Authors: Rooney BM, Tulloch TG, Blashill AJ Abstract Efforts have been made to better understand sexual compulsivity by examining salient psychosocial syndemic correlates, though examination of such factors has yielded inconclusive results. Gi
- Speech polar plots for different directionality settings of SONNET cochlear implant processor.Related ArticlesSpeech polar plots for different directionality settings of SONNET cochlear implant processor. Cochlear Implants Int. 2019 Aug 27;:1-13 Authors: De Ceulaer G, Pascoal D, Nopp P, Péan V, Govaerts PJ Abstract Objectives: The newest CI processor from MED-EL company, the SONNET, has two new directional microphone settings. Besides the Omnidirectional microphone mode, it has the possibilit
- Detection and clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Related ArticlesDetection and clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett. 2019 Sep;18(3):2537-2547 Authors: Wen Z, Li Z, Yong P, Liang D, Xie D, Chen H, Yang Y, Wu S, Li C, Cheng Z Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common cancer type originating in the nasopharynx, and varies notably from other cancer types of the head and
- Feasibility and relevance of discrete vasculature modeling in routine hyperthermia treatment planning.Related ArticlesFeasibility and relevance of discrete vasculature modeling in routine hyperthermia treatment planning. Int J Hyperthermia. 2019;36(1):801-811 Authors: Sumser K, Neufeld E, Verhaart RF, Fortunati V, Verduijn GM, Drizdal T, van Walsum T, Veenland JF, Paulides MM Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effect of patient specific vessel cooling on head and neck hyperthermia treatment plannin
- One-step detection of human papilloma viral infection using quantum dot-nucleotide interaction specificity.Related ArticlesOne-step detection of human papilloma viral infection using quantum dot-nucleotide interaction specificity. Talanta. 2019 Dec 01;205:120111 Authors: Jimenez Jimenez AM, Moulick A, Bhowmick S, Strmiska V, Gagic M, Horakova Z, Kostrica R, Masarik M, Heger Z, Adam V Abstract Due to the close relationship between carcinogenesis and human papillomavirus (HPV), and since they are transmitte
- Helicopter Critical Care Retrieval in a Developing Country: A Trauma Case Series from BhutanHigh Altitude Medicine &Biology, Ahead of Print.
- How Can There Be No History?Abstract Many African American communities in Maryland have been free since before emancipation. Members of these communities have been disfranchised through silence, denial, condemnation of properties, and through the use of eminent domain. The Hill Community of Easton, Maryland, was founded shortly after the American Revolution and remains a vital environment into the present. The town of Easton and Talbot County produced Fre
- Vitamin B12 insufficiency is associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysisAbstract Purpose Vitamin B12 deficiency has been associated with a plethora of metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperhomocysteinaemia, insulin resistance and defective synthesis of neurotransmitters and fatty acids. Inconsistency exists as to whether vitamin B12 deficiency is also associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The purpose of this study was to sy
- Effects of bilingual language experience on basal ganglia computations: A dynamic causal modeling test of the conditional routing modelPublication date: October 2019Source: Brain and Language, Volume 197Author(s): Brianna L. Yamasaki, Andrea Stocco, Allison S. Liu, Chantel S. PratAbstractBilingual language control is characterized by the ability to select from amongst competing representations based on the current language in use. According to the Conditional Routing Model (CRM), this feat is underpinned by basal-ganglia signal-routing mechanisms, and may have implications for c
- Complications of central venous port systems: a pictorial reviewAbstract Central venous port devices are indicated for patients, who need long-term intravenous therapy. Oncologic patients may require intermittent administration of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, infusions, or blood transfusions. A venous port system is composed of a port chamber attached to a central catheter, which is implanted into the central venous system. The subcutaneous location of the catheter chamber improves
- Multimaterial 3D Printing for Microrobotic MechanismsSoft Robotics, Ahead of Print.
- Afferent-efferent connectivity between auditory brainstem and cortex accounts for poorer speech-in-noise comprehension in older adultsPublication date: Available online 27 August 2019Source: Hearing ResearchAuthor(s): Gavin M. Bidelman, Caitlin N. Price, Dawei Shen, Stephen R. Arnott, Claude AlainAbstractSpeech-in-noise (SIN) comprehension deficits in older adults have been linked to changes in both subcortical and cortical auditory evoked responses. However, older adults’ difficulty understanding SIN may also be related to an imbalance in signal transmission (i.e., func
- The tumor suppressor NDRG2 cooperates with an mTORC1 inhibitor to suppress the Warburg effect in renal cell carcinomaSummary Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and metabolic reprogramming has a profound effect on RCC tumorigenesis. mTORC1 inhibitors are widely used in RCC treatment, yet some types of RCC cells are resistant to these compounds. Thus, clarification of the metabolic mechanism of mTORC1 inhibitors and exploration of new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In this study, we found t
- Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurementsAbstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-e
- The link between reading ability and visual spatial attention across developmentPublication date: Available online 27 August 2019Source: CortexAuthor(s): Alex L. White, Geoffrey M. Boynton, Jason D. YeatmanAbstractInteracting with a cluttered and dynamic environment requires making decisions about visual information at relevant locations while ignoring irrelevant locations. Typical adults can do this with covert spatial attention: prioritizing particular visual field locations even without moving the eyes. Deficits of cover
- Concussion assessment tools – a possible measure of sleepiness?Publication date: Available online 27 August 2019Source: Sleep MedicineAuthor(s): David Stevens, Louis Holtzhausen, Sarah Appleton, Robert Adams
- Ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of HTLV-II DNA based on magnetic nanoparticles and atom transfer radical polymerization signal amplificationPublication date: 15 January 2020Source: Talanta, Volume 207Author(s): Xiaoke Zheng, Liying Zhao, Dongxiao Wen, Xiaolan Wang, Huaixia Yang, Weisheng Feng, Jinming KongAbstractHuman T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) is a crucial retrovirus that is closely associated with a variety of human diseases. Herein, an ultrasensitive fluorescent HTLV-II DNA detection strategy was developed for the first time based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and
- Probiotic treatment improves the impaired spatial cognitive performance and restores synaptic plasticity in an animal model of Alzheimer's diseasePublication date: Available online 28 August 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Zahra Rezaei Asl, Gholamreza Sepehri, Mahmoud SalamiAbstractStudies demonstrate that damage to gut microbiota is associated with some brain disorders including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accordingly, supporting gut microbiota has been considered as a possible strategy for AD treatment. We evaluated behavioral and electr
- Whole Volume Brain Extraction for Multi-Centre, Multi-Disease FLAIR MRI DatasetsPublication date: Available online 28 August 2019Source: Magnetic Resonance ImagingAuthor(s): April Khademi, Brittany Reiche, Justin DiGregorio, Giordano Arezza, Alan R. Moody, for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging InitiativeAbstractAutomatic segmentation of the brain from magnetic resonance images (MRI) is a fundamental step in many neuroimaging processing frameworks. There are mature technologies for this task for T1- and T2-weighted
- Beyond the Soviet SlotFor much of its existence, the Soyuz Interest Group has been defined by the study of post-socialist experience. For almost as much time, its members have been questioning the utility and relevance of the term “post-socialism.” The 2019 Soyuz Symposium was inspired by the tenth anniversary of the publication of Sharad Chari and Katherine Verdery’s article “Thinking Between the Posts: Postcolonialism, Postsocialism, and Ethnography after the Cold W
- MicroRNA-26a regulates cerebral ischemia injury through targeting PTENOBJECTIVE: MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a) exhibits diverse functions in different human disease. However, further research is needed to investigate the potential role of miR-26a in cerebral ischemia injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expressions of miR-26a and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) were detected via Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by Western blot assay
- Influences of miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway on inflammatory factors in ARDS in neonatal pigsOBJECTIVE: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is greatly threatening human health with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of ARDS is closely related to the inflammatory response in patients. The micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-155/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is crucial in regulating the expression of inflammation-related genes. Therefore, the influences of miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway on inflammatory factors in
- MicroRNA-579-3p promotes the progression of osteoporosis by inhibiting osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through regulating Sirt1OBJECTIVE: To explore whether microRNA-579-3P was involved in the development of osteoporosis, and to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of microRNA-579-3P, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) in serum samples of osteoporosis patients and normal controls were detected by quantitative Real-time polymerase ch
- Promoter Hypomethylation Is Responsible for Upregulated Expression of HAI-1 in Hepatocellular CarcinomaAn upregulated expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) associates with poor prognosis, but the underlying mechanism for expression regulation has not been elucidated. HAI-1 was expressed in HCC cell line Hep3B cells at a high level but absent or has a low level in other HCC cell lines HepG2 and SMMC7721 and immortal normal liver cell line L02 at transcriptional and translational
- New natural products to meet the antibiotic crisis: a personal journeyThe Journal of Antibiotics, Published online: 28 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41429-019-0224-6New natural products to meet the antibiotic crisis: a personal journey
- Gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements as proxies of X-ray resistance in Phaseolus vulgaris L.Abstract Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants were irradiated with different doses (0.3, 10, 50 and 100 Gy) of X-rays in order to obtain a reference curve of response to ionizing radiations for this species. Growth analysis, gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements were performed to estimate the radio-resistance of bean plants. Specifically, there was a negative influence of X-rays on the net photosynthesis rate at 50 a
- Prevalence, morphology, and morphometry of the pterygospinous bar: a meta-analysisAbstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to analyze the total prevalence, morphologic, and morphometric characteristics of the pterygospinous (PS) bar and its gender and ethnic differences among populations. PS bar is an ossified anatomic structure stretching between the posterior margin of the lateral pterygoid lamina to the angular spine of the undersurface of the sphenoid, with
- Kin recognition and co‐operative foraging in Drosophila melanogaster larvaeAbstract A long‐standing goal for biologists and social scientists is to understand the factors that lead to the evolution and maintenance of co‐operative behaviour between conspecifics. To that end, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is becoming an increasingly popular model species to study sociality, however, most of the research to date has focused on adult behaviours. In this study, we set out to examine group feeding behaviour by larv
- Local thermal adaptation detected during multiple life stages across populations of Drosophila melanogasterAbstract Thermal adaptation is typically detected by examining the tolerance of a few populations to extreme temperatures within a single life stage. However, the extent to which adaptation occurs among many different populations might depend on the tolerance of multiple life stages and the average temperature range that the population experiences. Here, we examined local adaptation to native temperature conditions in eleven populations of the w
- Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,00306932607174,alsfakia@gmail.comGlia Neuron‐generated thrombin induces a protective astrocyte response via protease activated... GliaNeuron‐generated thrombin induces a protective astrocyte response via protease activated receptorsMain Points Astrocytes respond to neuron‐generated thrombin with activation and a protective phenotype. Neurons secrete thrombin in response to ischemia, which activates astrocytes mediated by protease activated receptors
- Should Healing Abutments and Cover Screws for Dental Implants be Reused? A Systematic ReviewAbstract Purpose : To systematically review the current scientific evidence to assess if healing abutments and cover screws for dental implants can be re‐sterilized effectively for reuse. A secondary purpose was to investigate if there has been any reported adverse biological or mechanical consequences to implants, or harm to patients with the reuse of healing abutments or cover screws. Materials and Methods : An electronic search of th
- Enzymatic activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease in crowded solutionsAbstract Cells are crowded with various macromolecules and metabolites, which affect biochemical reactions in many ways, from the diffusion of substrates to catalytic activities of enzymes. We herein investigated the proteolytic activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR) under non-crowded and crowded conditions. The latter environment was mimicked with various (poly)ethylene glycol molecules as crow
- Effectiveness of workplace interventions in rehabilitating musculoskeletal disorders and preventing its consequences among workers with physical and sedentary employment: systematic review protocolMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the leading cause of work disability and sickness absence worldwide. The prevalence of MSDs increases with age, consequently challenging sustainable employability among the...
- Electronic measures of movement impairment, repositioning, and posture in people with and without neck pain—a systematic reviewNeck pain is a major public health problem. Our objective was to describe differences in measures of movement and posture between people with and without neck pain.
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