Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Abstract: Accumulated evidence indicates that CCAT1 functions as an oncogene in the progression of a variety of tumors. However, little is known as to how CCAT1 impacts tumorigenesis in human prostate cancer. In this study, we found from TCGA and MSKCC database that CCAT1 is highly upregulated in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) compared to androgen dependent prostate cancer (ADPC). Higher level of CCAT1 leads to increased mortality in CRPC patients. In vitro and in vivo studies show that...
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematopoietic disease characterized by glutamine-dependent metabolism. A novel glutaminase (GLS) inhibitor, CB-839, is currently under evaluation for treatment of hematopoietic malignancies and solid tumors. Our purpose was to measure cellular changes in AML associated with CB-839 treatment and to test the ability of hyperpolarized pyruvate for interrogating these changes to OCI-AML3 cells. Our results show that treatment with CB-839 interfered with the...
EGFR signaling confers resistance to radiation therapy (RT) and is a validated target in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The inhibition of EGFR in combination with RT improves local control and overall survival in these patients, however, therapeutic resistance limits the efficacy of this approach. We therefore sought to identify cellular mechanisms that cause resistance to EGFR inhibition and RT in HNSCC. Though clonal isolation of carcinoma cells exposed to increasing concentrations...
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0541-3Alteration in tumoural PD-L1 expression and stromal CD8-positive tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes after concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0544-0Diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer using a combined protein biomarker panel
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 07 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0540-4Tumour-infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes and colorectal cancer recurrence by tumour and nodal stage
Androgen receptor (AR)-targeted treatments improve the survival of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients; however, secondary resistance to these agents ultimately occurs in virtually all patient...
Prostate tumor over expressed gene 1 (PTOV1) has been reported as an oncogene in several human cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological role of PTOV1 remain elusive in non-small cell lung can...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive cancers, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 8%. The complicated tumor microenvironment, particularly TGF-β, provides possible convenience fo...
To quantify the dosimetric parameters of different bone marrow sparing strategies and to determine the optimal strategy for cervical cancer patients undergoing postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (I...
The aim of this study was to explore the impact of including or excluding the ischiorectal fossa (IRF) within the clinical target volume during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) using intensity modulated ra...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1124: Predicting Visual Acuity Deterioration and Radiation-Induced Toxicities after Brachytherapy for Choroidal Melanomas Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11081124 Authors: Charlotte A. Espensen Ane L. Appelt Lotte S. Fog Anita B. Gothelf Juliette Thariat Jens F. Kiilgaard Ruthenium-106 (Ru-106) brachytherapy is an established modality for eye-preserving treatment of choroidal melanoma. To achieve optimal treatment outcomes, there should be a balance...
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2019Source: Practical Radiation OncologyAuthor(s): Gokoulakrichenane Loganadane, Megan Kassick, Benjamin.H. Kann, Melissa R. Young, Christin.A. Knowlton, Suzanne.B. Evans, Susan.A. Higgins, Yazid. Belkacemi, Mary Potenziani, Nicholas Saltmarsh, Lynn D. Wilson, Meena S. MoranPurposeThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the incidental dose delivered to the internal mammary nodes (IMN) in patients treated with tangential three-dimensional conformal radiation...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1121: Intricacies of the Molecular Machinery of Catecholamine Biosynthesis and Secretion by Chromaffin Cells of the Normal Adrenal Medulla and in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11081121 Authors: Berends Eisenhofer Fishbein Horst-Schrivers Kema Links Lenders Kerstens The adrenal medulla is composed predominantly of chromaffin cells producing and secreting the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1123: Interphase Cytogenetic Analysis of Micronucleated and Multinucleated Cells Supports the Premature Chromosome Condensation Hypothesis as the Mechanistic Origin of Chromothripsis Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11081123 Authors: Pantelias Karachristou Georgakilas Terzoudi The discovery of chromothripsis in cancer genomes challenges the long-standing concept of carcinogenesis as the result of progressive genetic events. Despite recent advances in describing...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1122: The Histone Demethylase Enzymes KDM3A and KDM4B Co-Operatively Regulate Chromatin Transactions of the Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11081122 Authors: Jones Wilson Thomas Gaughan Wade Many estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers develop resistance to endocrine therapy but retain canonical receptor signalling in the presence of selective ER antagonists. Numerous co-regulatory proteins, including enzymes...
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2019Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Martinus A. Beek, Paul D. Gobardhan, Elisabeth G. Klompenhouwer, Marian B. Menke-Pluijmers, Pascal Steenvoorde, Jos WS. Merkus, Harm JT. Rutten, Adri C. Voogd, Ernest JT. LuitenAbstractBackgroundAxillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer patients is infamous for its accompanying morbidity. Selective preservation of upper extremity lymphatic drainage and accompanying lymph nodes crossing...
Abstract Objective Brain tumor patients may suffer from a range of health‐impairing problems reducing their quality of life. To identify potential targets for interventions, we examined the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on affective and cognitive functioning as indices of quality of life in patients and their caregivers in the early phase of treatment. Methods To this end, we conducted an exploratory longitudinal study on a small cohort, measuring emotion regulation,...
Abstract Introduction Online resources are changing patient‐professional relationship and care delivery by empowering patients to engage in decisions in order to cope with their illness and modify behaviors. This review analyses the psychological factors associated with spontaneous and health professional‐guided internet use in cancer patients. Methods Searches were performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE), PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. Studies were included if they involved cancer patients...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1119: NPM-ALK Is a Key Regulator of the Oncoprotein FOXM1 in ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11081119 Authors: Moinul Haque Jing Li Yung-Hsing Huang Meaad Almowaled Carter J. Barger Adam R. Karpf Peng Wang Will Chen Suzanne D. Turner Raymond Lai Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) is an oncogenic transcription factor implicated in the pathogenesis of solid and hematologic cancers. In this study, we examined...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1120: Cancer-Derived VEGF-C Increases Chemokine Production in Lymphatic Endothelial Cells to Promote CXCR2-Dependent Cancer Invasion and MDSC Recruitment Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11081120 Authors: Jing-Yi Chen You-Syuan Lai Pei-Yi Chu Shih-Hsuan Chan Lu-Hai Wang Wen-Chun Hung Breast cancer-derived vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) has been shown to enhance lymphangiogenesis in lymph nodes to accelerate cancer metastasis. However,...
Summary Peritoneal dissemination is the most frequent metastatic route of ovarian cancer. However, due to the high heterogeneity in ovarian cancer, most conventional studies lack parental tumor controls relevant to metastases and thus are difficult to trace the molecular changes of cancer cells along with the selection of abdominal microenvironment. Here we established an in vivo mouse peritoneal dissemination scheme that allowed us to select more aggressive sublines from parental ovarian cancer...
Abstract Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) is one of the most common subtypes of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas and lacks effective treatment. This study aimed to provide a thorough profile of immune characteristics of RLPS. This study included 56 RLPS patients. Multi‐site tumor tissues were collected from 16 patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to identify CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+, CD20+ or PD‐1+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PD‐L1 expression in tumor tissues. Ultra‐deep...
Summary Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at a 20‐fold increased risk for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Compared to children with ALL and no DS (non‐DS–ALL), those with DS and ALL (DS–ALL) harbor uncommon genetic alterations, suggesting DS–ALL may have distinct biological features. Recent studies have implicated several genes on chromosome 21 in DS–ALL, but the precise mechanisms predisposing children with DS to ALL remain unknown. Our integrated genetic/epigenetic analysis revealed that...
EYA4 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by repressing MYCBP via dephosphorylating β‐catenin at Ser552
Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest malignancies and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Our previous study revealed that EYA4 functioned as suppressing HCC tumor cells grow, but its molecular mechanism still awaits to be elucidated. EYA4 inversely correlated with MYCBP based on the results of gene microassay and was verified in human HCC tissues by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Over‐expressed and knock‐out (KO) EYA4 in human HCC cell lines confirmed...
Abstract Despite advances and refinements in surgery and perioperative chemotherapy, there are still unmet medical needs with respect to RC for MIBC. We investigated the potential benefit of supplementary GM‐CSF to chemoimmunotherapy with PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis blockade and standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer. We inoculated 2×105 MBT2 cells subcutaneously in C3H mice to create a syngeneic animal model of LR. When the tumor diameter reached 12 mm, the mice were allocated randomly as follows:...
Adoptive transfer of T cells that have been genetically modified to express an anti‐tumor T cell receptor (TCR) is a potent immunotherapy, but only if TCR avidity is sufficiently high. Endogenous TCRs specific to shared (self) tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) have low affinity due to central tolerance. Therefore, for effective therapy, anti‐TAA TCRs with higher and optimal avidity must be generated. Here we describe a new in‐vitro system for directed evolution of TCR avidity using somatic hypermutation...
Fibroblasts are among the most abundant stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME), progressively differentiating into activated, motile, myofibroblast‐like, pro‐tumorigenic cells referred to as Cancer‐Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs). To investigate the mechanisms by which epithelial cells direct this transition, the early stages of tumorigenesis were exemplified by indirect co‐cultures of WI‐38 or human primary breast cancer fibroblasts with human mammary epithelial cells expressing an inducible...
AGO‐OVAR 12 investigated the effect of adding the oral triple angiokinase inhibitor nintedanib to standard front‐line chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer. At the primary analysis, nintedanib demonstrated significantly improved progression‐free survival (PFS; primary end point) compared with placebo. We report final results, including overall survival (OS). Patients with primary debulked International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB–IV newly diagnosed ovarian cancer were...
Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the pathology of colorectal cancer (CRC). Current efforts to eradicate CRC predominantly focused on targeting the proliferation of rapidly growing cancer epithelial cells. This is largely ineffective with resistance arising in most tumors following exposure to chemotherapy. Despite the long‐standing recognition of the crosstalk between carcinoma‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, how CAFs may contribute to drug...
Currently no effective targeted therapeutics exists for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Given that matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP9) and its associated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are critical for tumor vascularization and invasion under castration‐resistant condition, it is therefore of great importance to define the functional association and interplay between androgen receptor (AR) and MMP9 and their associated key survival and invasion pathways in PCa cells. Here,...
Abstract Genetic interaction has been recognized to be an important cause of the missing heritability. The topologically associating domain (TAD) is a self‐interacting genomic region, and the DNA sequences within a TAD physically interact with each other more frequently. Sex differences influence cancer susceptibility at the genetic level. Here, we performed both regular and sex‐specific genetic interaction analyses within TAD to identify susceptibility genes for lung cancer in 5204 lung cancer...
Background Despite the rapid adoption of immunotherapies in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (advNSCLC), knowledge gaps remain about their real‐world (rw) performance. Methods This retrospective, observational, multicenter analysis used the Flatiron Health deidentified electronic health record‐derived database of rw patients with advNSCLC who received treatment with PD‐1 and/or PD‐L1 (PD‐[L]1) inhibitors before July 1, 2017 (N = 5257) and had ≥6 months of follow‐up. The authors investigated...
Population‐based cancer registries have improved dramatically over the last 2 decades. These central cancer registries provide a critical framework that can elevate the science of cancer research. There have also been important technical and scientific advances that help to unlock the potential of population‐based cancer registries. These advances include improvements in probabilistic record linkage, refinements in natural language processing, the ability to perform genomic sequencing on formalin‐fixed,...
Because chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a heterogeneous disease, there are considerable efforts underway to develop increasingly accurate and precise analytics with which to estimate the probability of future events such as the need for and probability of response to therapy, progression‐free survival, and survival. These analytics typically are constructed from clinical and laboratory variables. These variables often are combined into scores or staging systems, some of which are prognostic (therapy‐independent),...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy that continues to be challenging to treat. PDAC has the lowest 5‐year relative survival rate compared with all other solid tumor malignancies and is expected to become the second‐leading cause of cancer‐related death in the United States by 2030. Given the high mortality, there is an increasing role for concurrent anticancer and supportive care in the management of patients with PDAC with the aims of maximizing length of life, quality...
Background The current randomized, double‐blind, phase 2 study assessed the efficacy and safety profile of a single intravenous administration of fosnetupitant, a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist prodrug, for the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in Japanese patients receiving cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. Methods Patients scheduled to receive cisplatin (at a dose of ≥70 mg/m2)‐based regimens were randomly assigned to receive fosnetupitant at a dose of 81 mg or 235 mg...
Background Polycythemia vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm associated at times with debilitating symptoms and a significant mortality rate. Understanding the demographics, epidemiology, and geography of this disease may provide further insight into important risk factors associated with its development. The objective of this study was to analyze patient demographics, incidence, and mortality rates, as well as the geographic distribution of PV patients in Canada between 1992 and 2010....
Background With improving survival for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), supportive care that is focused on optimizing quality of life and minimizing treatment‐related toxicities is increasingly important. The extent to which patients with MM are receiving recommended supportive care is unknown. Methods This study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database to identify older adults (age ≥66 years) diagnosed with MM in 2008‐2013 who had received active treatment...
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου