Πέμπτη 15 Αυγούστου 2019


Educating Learners about the Pros and Cons of Telework
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2019Source: Academic RadiologyAuthor(s):
Academic Radiology
15h
Parents of Pediatric Radiology Patients Prefer Timely Reporting and Discussing Results with Referring Providers
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2019Source: Academic RadiologyAuthor(s): Emily A. Edwards, Andre Cote, Andrew S. Phelps, David M. NaegerRationale and ObjectivesWith the introduction of new communication channels, such as encrypted messaging and online electronic medical record patient portals, there are ever-increasing ways for patients and their families to access their medical information. While patient preferences regarding how they receive the results of their radiology examinations...
Academic Radiology
1d
The heart of pediatric radiology
Pediatric Radiology
17h
Shear wave elastography correlates with liver fibrosis scores in pediatric patients with liver disease
Abstract Background While liver biopsy remains the gold standard, given the procedure risks and sampling errors, there is a need for reliable noninvasive biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis. Objective Determine the accuracy of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2-D SWE) in predicting the histological severity of liver fibrosis in pediatric patients with...
Pediatric Radiology
19h
A multifactorial severity score for left congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a high-risk population using fetal magnetic resonance imaging
Abstract Background Adverse outcomes for infants born with left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have been correlated with fetal imaging findings. Objective We sought to corroborate these correlations in a high-risk cohort and describe a predictive mortality algorithm combining multiple imaging biomarkers for use in prenatal counseling. ...
Pediatric Radiology
19h
Non-localized Increase in Lipid Content and Striation Pattern Formation Characterize the Sonoporated Plasma Membrane
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2019Source: Ultrasound in Medicine & BiologyAuthor(s): Yaxin Hu, Haoqiang Huang, Mengting Chen, Yuanyuan ShenAbstractEukaryotic cells can survive sonoporation and repair their plasma membrane wounds. However, it is not clear how the repaired plasma membranes will differ from the intact ones. To answer this question, we used high-resolution confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to study plasma membrane lipid alterations induced by sonoporation....
Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
19h
Radiology Referral Form Needs to be treated with respect
Something that I wrote in 2009 in Medscape still stands as a problem , Radiology referral form needs respect.Famous Radiology Blog http://www.sumerdoc.blogspot.com TeleRad Providers at www.teleradproviders.com Mail us at sales@teleradproviders.com
Radiology
21h
MRI Predictors of Recurrence and Outcome after Acute Transverse Myelitis of Unidentified Etiology [SPINE]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The early prediction of recurrence after an initial event of transverse myelitis helps to guide preventive treatment and optimize outcomes. Our aim was to identify MR imaging findings predictive of relapse and poor outcome in patients with acute transverse myelitis of unidentified etiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Spinal MRIs of 77 patients (mean age, 36.3 ± 20 years) diagnosed with acute transverse myelitis were evaluated retrospectively. Only the patients for whom an underlying...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [LETTERS]
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Standardization of Temporal Bone CT Planes across a Multisite Academic Institution [HEAD & NECK]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Variable head positioning in the CT gantry results in variable and inconsistent temporal bone imaging planes. Our aim was to evaluate whether an automated postprocessing algorithm or an educational intervention with postprocessing by a technologist could result in consistent temporal bone image reformations into planes referenced to the lateral semicircular canal. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Instructions to reformat small-FOV images in planes referenced to the lateral semicircular...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Reply: [LETTERS]
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
GUide sheath Advancement and aspiRation in the Distal petrocavernous internal carotid artery (GUARD) Technique during Thrombectomy Improves Reperfusion and Clinical Outcomes [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Adjunctive techniques to stent retriever thrombectomy include balloon-guide catheters and/or distal access catheters for aspiration. We describe a novel technique using a flexible, 6 French 088 distal guide sheath advanced past the skull base to augment mechanical thrombectomy. We studied the relative safety and efficacy of this technique in the setting of a combined stent retriever–distal access catheter aspiration thrombectomy protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We performed...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
[other]
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Evaluating Tissue Contrast and Detecting White Matter Injury in the Infant Brain: A Comparison Study of Synthetic Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery [PEDIATRICS]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Synthetic MR imaging enables the acquisition of phase-sensitive inversion recovery images. The aim of this study was to compare the image quality of synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery with that of other sequences in infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Brain MR imaging with 3D T1-weighted fast-spoiled gradient recalled, synthetic T1WI, and synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery of 91 infants was compared. Contrast between unmyelinated WM and myelinated WM and between...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Risk Factors for Perceptual-versus-Interpretative Errors in Diagnostic Neuroradiology [research-article]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Diagnostic errors in radiology are classified as perception or interpretation errors. This study determined whether specific conditions differed when perception or interpretation errors occurred during neuroradiology image interpretation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In a sample of 254 clinical error cases in diagnostic neuroradiology, we classified errors as perception or interpretation errors, then characterized imaging technique, interpreting radiologist's experience, anatomic...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Distal Balloon Angioplasty of Cerebral Vasospasm Decreases the Risk of Delayed Cerebral Infarction [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Conventional angioplasty of cerebral vasospasm combines proximal balloon angioplasty (up to the first segment of cerebral arteries) with chemical angioplasty for distal arteries. Distal balloon angioplasty (up to the second segment of cerebral arteries) has been used in our center instead of chemical angioplasty since January 2015. We aimed to assess the effect of this new approach in patients with aneurysmal SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The occurrence, date, territory, and...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Intrathecal Use of Gadobutrol for Glymphatic MR Imaging: Prospective Safety Study of 100 Patients [PATIENT SAFETY]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Intrathecal contrast-enhanced glymphatic MR imaging has shown promise in assessing glymphatic function in patients with dementia. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety profile and feasibility of this new MR imaging technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective safety and feasibility study was performed in 100 consecutive patients (58 women and 42 men, 51 ± 19 years of age) undergoing glymphatic MR imaging from September 2015 to August 2018. Short- and long-term...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Carotid Artery Stiffness Accurately Predicts White Matter Hyperintensity Volume 20 Years Later: A Secondary Analysis of the Atherosclerosis Risk in the Community Study [ADULT BRAIN]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Arterial stiffness is a biomarker of cerebrovascular disease and dementia risk. Studies have shown an association between carotid artery stiffness and increased white matter hyperintensity volume and, as a result, reduced total brain volume on MR imaging, but none have had prolonged follow-up to fully evaluate the slow change seen in white matter hyperintensity volume and total brain volume with time. Our objective was to determine whether common carotid artery stiffness on...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Gadolinium Retention in the Brain: An MRI Relaxometry Study of Linear and Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Multiple Sclerosis [PATIENT SAFETY]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Brain gadolinium retention is consistently reported for linear gadolinium-based contrast agents, while the results for macrocyclics are contradictory and potential clinical manifestations remain controversial. Furthermore, most previous studies are based on conventional T1-weighted MR imaging. We therefore aimed to quantitatively investigate longitudinal and transversal relaxation in the brain in relation to previous gadolinium-based contrast agent administration and explore...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Detection of Local Recurrence in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Voxel-Based Color Maps of Initial and Final Area under the Curve Values Derived from DCE-MRI [HEAD & NECK]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Early detection of local recurrence is important to increase the chance of cure because local recurrence is the main cause of treatment failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We evaluated the added value of voxel-based color maps of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging compared with conventional MR imaging alone for detecting local recurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively enrolled 63 consecutive patients with...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Signal Hyperintensity on Unenhanced T1-Weighted Brain and Cervical Spinal Cord MR Images after Multiple Doses of Linear Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent [PATIENT SAFETY]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The clinical implications of gadolinium deposition in the CNS are not fully understood, and it is still not known whether gadolinium tends to be retained more in the brain compared with the spinal cord. In this study, we assessed the effects of linear gadolinium-based contrast agents on the T1 signal intensity of 3 cerebral areas (dentate nucleus, globus pallidus, and the less studied substantia nigra) and the cervical spinal cord in a population of patients with MS. MATERIALS...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Human Parechovirus Meningoencephalitis: Neuroimaging in the Era of Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Testing [PEDIATRICS]
SUMMARY:Human parechovirus infection is an increasingly recognized cause of neonatal meningoencephalitis. We describe characteristic clinical features and brain MR imaging abnormalities of human parechovirus meningoencephalitis in 6 infants. When corroborated by increasingly available polymerase chain reaction–based testing of the CSF, the distinctive MR imaging appearance may yield a specific diagnosis that obviates costly and time-consuming further clinical evaluation. In our study, infants with...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Convolutional Neural Network for Automated FLAIR Lesion Segmentation on Clinical Brain MR Imaging [FUNCTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Most brain lesions are characterized by hyperintense signal on FLAIR. We sought to develop an automated deep learning–based method for segmentation of abnormalities on FLAIR and volumetric quantification on clinical brain MRIs across many pathologic entities and scanning parameters. We evaluated the performance of the algorithm compared with manual segmentation and existing automated methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We adapted a U-Net convolutional neural network architecture...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Epidural Spinal Injections in Spinal Stenosis due to Lipomatosis: With or without Steroids? [LETTERS]
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
White Matter Lesion Penumbra Shows Abnormalities on Structural and Physiologic MRIs in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Cohort [ADULT BRAIN]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:White matter lesions are 1 age-related manifestation of cerebrovascular disease, but subthreshold abnormalities have been identified in nonlesional WM. We hypothesized that structural and physiologic MR imaging findings of early cerebrovascular disease can be measured in middle-aged subjects in tissue adjacent to WM lesions, termed "penumbra." MATERIALS AND METHODS:WM lesions were defined using automated segmentation in 463 subjects, 43–56 years of age, from the Coronary Artery...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Pretreatment Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction Predicts Poor Outcome after Thrombectomy in Intracranial ICA Occlusion [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Predictors of outcome after endovascular thrombectomy have not been investigated adequately in patients with intracranial ICA occlusions. This study aimed to assess the impact of anterior choroidal artery infarction in pretreatment DWI on the outcome of patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion who underwent thrombectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study included 113 patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion who underwent DWI followed by thrombectomy between January...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
The Interpeduncular Angle: A Practical and Objective Marker for the Detection and Diagnosis of Intracranial Hypotension on Brain MRI [ADULT BRAIN]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Classic findings of intracranial hypotension on MR imaging, such as brain stem slumping, can be variably present and, at times, subjective, potentially making the diagnosis difficult. We hypothesize that the angle between the cerebral peduncles correlates with the volume of interpeduncular cistern fluid and is decreased in cases of intracranial hypotension. We aimed to investigate its use as an objective assessment for intracranial hypotension. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Brain...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Posterior Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas with Subarachnoid Venous Drainage: Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Dural AVFs located in the posterior fossa are a rare entity. The objectives of the study were to analyze the anatomy of dural AVFs, their endovascular treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Two centers retrospectively selected patients treated between January 2009 and June 2018 having posterior fossa dural AVFs. We collected patient demographics, clinical presentation, arterial and venous outflow anatomy of the dural AVFs, and treatment outcomes....
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Cytotoxic Lesions of the Corpus Callosum Caused by Thermogenic Dietary Supplements [ADULT BRAIN]
SUMMARY:Consumption of over-the-counter dietary supplements to reduce body weight is common among the population. Thermogenics are herbal combinations that claim to produce a fat-burning process through an increase in the cellular metabolic rate and greater cellular energy consumption, having a high risk for patients developing toxic leukoencephalopathy. We present a series of 6 patients with acute neurologic symptoms and MR imaging showing restricted diffusion and decreased apparent diffusion coefficient...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Carotid CTA at the Lowest Tube Voltage (70 kV) in Comparison with Automated Tube Voltage Adaption [EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:CTA is the imaging modality of choice in many institutions for the evaluation of the supraaortic vessels, but radiation exposure remains a matter of concern. Our aim was to evaluate a 70-kV protocol for CT angiography of the carotid arteries with respect to image quality and radiation exposure compared with automated tube voltage adaption. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 90 consecutive patients were included in this prospective study and randomized to the study group (n =...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Manganese-Enhanced MRI of the Brain in Healthy Volunteers [ADULT BRAIN]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The manganese ion is used as an intracellular MR imaging contrast agent to study neuronal function in animal models, but it remains unclear whether manganese-enhanced MR imaging can be similarly useful in humans. Using mangafodipir (Teslascan, a chelated manganese-based contrast agent that is FDA-approved), we evaluated the dynamics of manganese enhancement of the brain and glandular structures in the rostral head and neck in healthy volunteers. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We administered...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Prolapse of Orbital Fat through the Inferior Orbital Fissure: Description, Prevalence, and Assessment of Possible Pathologic Associations [HEAD & NECK]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A few patterns of orbital fat prolapse have been described. Some are associated with disease, and others may mimic a neoplasm. We have observed prolapse of orbital fat into the infratemporal fossa via the inferior orbital fissure on MR imaging. The clinical relevance of this finding, if any, is unknown. The purposes of this study were to describe the MR imaging appearance of orbital fat prolapse through the inferior orbital fissure, to estimate the prevalence of this finding,...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
The Association between FLAIR Vascular Hyperintensity and Stroke Outcome Varies with Time from Onset [ADULT BRAIN]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:FLAIR vascular hyperintensity has been recognized as a marker of collaterals in ischemic stroke, but the impact on outcome is still controversial. We hypothesized that the association between FLAIR vascular hyperintensity and outcome varies with time. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We included 459 consecutive patients with middle cerebral artery stroke and divided them into 3 groups by symptom-to-MR imaging time (group 1, ≤7 days; group 2, 8–14 days; group 3, ≥15 days). The FLAIR vascular...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Prevalence of Spontaneous Asymptomatic Facial Nerve Canal Meningoceles: A Retrospective Review [HEAD & NECK]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The prevalence of patent facial nerve canals and meningoceles along the facial nerve course is unknown. This study aimed to assess the frequency of such findings in asymptomatic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective review was completed of patients with high-resolution MR imaging of the temporal bone whose clinical presentations were unrelated to facial nerve pathology. Facial nerve canals were assessed for the presence of fluid along each segment and meningoceles...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Leukoaraiosis May Confound the Interpretation of CT Perfusion in Patients Treated with Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Leukoaraiosis frequently coexists in patients with acute stroke. We studied whether leukoaraiosis could confound the interpretation of CTP findings in patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We analyzed 236 patients with stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy and studied with CTP, of whom 127 (53.8%) achieved complete reperfusion. Periventricular white matter hyperintensities on MR imaging and hypodensities on NCCT were assessed through the...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Comparison of CSF and MRI Findings among Neonates and Infants with E coli or Group B Streptococcal Meningitis [PEDIATRICS]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli (E coli) are the 2 most common causes of bacterial meningitis in neonates. The purpose of this study was to determine whether CSF and/or MR imaging findings differ between infants with group B streptococcal or E coli meningitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective review was performed among neonates (younger than 28 days) and infants (younger than 120 days) with proved group B streptococcal (n = 57) or E coli meningitis (n = 50)....
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
One-Stop Management with Perfusion for Transfer Patients with Stroke due to a Large-Vessel Occlusion: Feasibility and Effects on In-Hospital Times [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In-hospital time delays lead to a relevant deterioration of neurologic outcomes in patients with stroke with large-vessel occlusions. At the moment, CT perfusion is relevant in the triage of late-window patients with stroke. We conducted this study to determine whether one-stop management with perfusion is feasible and leads to a reduction of in-hospital times. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this observational study, we report the first 15 consecutive transfer patients with stroke...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
The Complex Spine in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy: The Transforaminal Approach--A Transformative Technique [SPINE]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Spinal muscular atrophy, a genetic disease resulting in loss of motor function, presents from in utero to adulthood. Depending on progression and secondary scoliosis, spinal stabilization may be necessary. When planning intrathecal access in these patients, spinal anatomy is the most important factor. Therefore, when planning intrathecal nusinersen injections, we subdivided patients with spinal muscular atrophy into simple-versus-complex spine subgroups. Our purpose was to...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
A Standardized Aspiration-First Approach for Thrombectomy to Increase Speed and Improve Recanalization Rates [INTERVENTIONAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Direct aspiration is a recognized technique for revascularization in large-vessel ischemic strokes. There is ongoing debate regarding its efficacy compared with stent retrievers. Every delay in achieving revascularization and a decrease in reperfusion rates reduces the likelihood of patients achieving functional independence. We propose a standardized setup technique for aspiration-first for all anterior circulation thrombectomy procedures for increasing speed and recanalization...
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d

CT-Guided Block and Radiofrequency Ablation of the C2 Dorsal Root Ganglion for Cervicogenic Headache [SPINE]
SUMMARY:The purpose of this report is to describe the technical aspects of CT-guided C2 dorsal root ganglion diagnostic block and radiofrequency ablation for refractory cervicogenic headache. CT guidance allows precise and safe positioning of a needle adjacent to the C2 dorsal root ganglion. At-risk neural and vascular structures can be avoided with CT, and it can provide a thorough understanding of upper cervical neuroanatomy.
American Journal of Neuroradiology current issue
1d
Population receptive field and connectivity properties of the early visual cortex in human albinism
Publication date: Available online 15 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Khazar Ahmadi, Anne Herbik, Markus Wagner, Martin Kanowski, Hagen Thieme, Michael B. HoffmannAbstractIn albinism, the pathological decussation of the temporal retinal afferents at the optic chiasm leads to superimposed representations of opposing hemifields in the visual cortex. Here, we assessed the equivalence of the two representations and the cortico-cortical connectivity of the early visual areas. Applying fMRI-based...
NeuroImage
18h
Wearable neuroimaging: Combining and contrasting magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography
Publication date: Available online 14 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Elena Boto, Zelekha A. Seedat, Niall Holmes, James Leggett, Ryan M. Hill, Gillian Roberts, Vishal Shah, T. Mark Fromhold, Karen J. Mullinger, Tim M. Tierney, Gareth R. Barnes, Richard Bowtell, Matthew J. BrookesAbstractOne of the most severe limitations of functional neuroimaging techniques, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG), is that participants must maintain a fixed head position during data acquisition. This imposes...
NeuroImage
1d
A deconvolution algorithm for multi-echo functional MRI: Multi-echo Sparse Paradigm Free Mapping
Publication date: Available online 13 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): César Caballero-Gaudes, Stefano Moia, Puja Panwar, Peter A. Bandettini, Javier Gonzalez-CastilloAbstractThis work introduces a novel algorithm for deconvolution of the BOLD signal in multi-echo fMRI data: Multi-echo Sparse Paradigm Free Mapping (ME-SPFM). Assuming a linear dependence of the BOLD percent signal change on the echo time (TE) and using sparsity-promoting regularized least squares estimation, ME-SPFM yields...
NeuroImage
1d
Degrees of lateralisation in semantic cognition: Evidence from intrinsic connectivity
Publication date: Available online 13 August 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Tirso RJ. Gonzalez Alam, Theodoros Karapanagiotidis, Jonathan Smallwood, Elizabeth JefferiesAbstractThe semantic network is thought to include multiple components, including heteromodal conceptual representations and semantic control processes that shape retrieval to suit the circumstances. Much of this network is strongly left-lateralised; however, work to date has not considered whether separable components of semantic...
NeuroImage
1d

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