Τρίτη 3 Μαρτίου 2020


Structural brain differences associated with extensive massively-multiplayer video gaming
Abstract Video gaming can be associated with inter-individual differences in brain morphology. Much of this literature has focused on non-professional/occasional gamers who barely play, on the one extreme; or Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) cases who typically play more than 5 h/day, on the other extreme. We sought to extend this literature and focus on extensive gamers, who play about 3 h/day, which is typically more than non-professional gamers, but less than IGD cases. Findings...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
02:00
Cerebral microstructural abnormalities in impulsivity: a magnetic resonance study
Abstract Studies that investigated neurobiological parameters subtended to impulsivity trait found their relationship with structural and functional brain alterations. No studies investigated the white matter microstructural attributes of impulsivity in a large sample of healthy subjects. In the present study 1007 subjects from Human Connectome Project public dataset were divided in two groups, impulsive and not impulsive, basing on Delay Discounting task score. For both groups...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Acute after-school screen time in children decreases impulse control and activation toward high-calorie food stimuli in brain regions related to reward and attention
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of after-school sedentary screen time on children’s brain activation in reward and cognitive control regions in response to pictures of high- and low-calorie foods. Thirty-two children participated in a randomized crossover study with counterbalanced treatment conditions. Conditions took place on separate days after school and included three hours of active or sedentary play. After each condition, neural activation...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Altered resting-state networks may explain the executive impairment in young health immigrants into high-altitude area
Abstract Executive function is a complex involving multiple advanced brain functions like planning, working memory, mental flexibility and psychomotor. Previous researches indicated that executive function may be impaired after acute or chronic high-altitude exposure, while the underlying neurobiological mechanism has not been totally clarified. In the present study, based on 69 young healthy volunteers immigrating to high-altitude, Stroop test was utilized to identify the potential...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Conscious and unconscious brain responses to food and cocaine cues
Abstract Visual presentation of appetitive and negative cues triggers fast responses in the human brain. Here we assessed functional MRI (fMRI) responses to food, cocaine, and neutral cues presented at a subliminal (“unconscious”, 33 ms) and supraliminal (“conscious”, 750 and 3000 ms) level in healthy, cocaine naïve volunteers. Because there is evidence of circadian variability in reward sensitivity, our second aim was to assess diurnal variability in the brain’s reactivity to...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
The participation of basolateral amygdala in the efficacy of acupuncture with deqi treating for functional dyspepsia
Abstract Deqi is taken as an indispensable requirement to achieve acupuncture efficacy. This study aimed to explore the central influence of deqi on the efficacy of acupuncture for functional dyspepsia (FD). 70 FD patients were randomized to receive 20 sessions’ acupuncture treatment with (n = 35) and without deqi (n = 35). In each group, 25 FD patients randomly selected underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans before and after treatment. After group re-division...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Believing is seeing: an fMRI study of thought-action fusion in healthy male adults
Abstract Thought-action fusion (TAF) is a tendency of individuals to establish causal relations between their own thoughts and external reality. TAF can lead to maladaptive behaviors typically observed in obsessional thoughts. However, neural mechanisms underlying TAF are still unknown. In this study, 38 healthy men were informed that MR signals were able to detect thoughts of the word ‘apple’ and that this recognition could result in the administration of electrical shocks to...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Altered static and dynamic voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity in subacute stroke patients: a resting-state fMRI study
Abstract Sixty-four subacute stroke patients and 55 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan using an echo-planar imaging sequence and high-resolution sagittal T1-weighted images using a three-dimensional magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo sequence. Static and dynamic voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) was computed, respectively. The relationships between the clinical measures, including National...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
History of childhood maltreatment is associated with reduced fractional anisotropy of the accumbofrontal ‘reward’ tract in healthy adults
Abstract The deleterious outcomes associated with exposure to childhood maltreatment (CM) are well known and may be at least partially mediated by self-harm behaviors. It has been suggested that these self-harm behaviors serve as a means of decreasing negative mood states but the effects of CM on health outcomes may be much more sinister. A wealth of data suggest that CM may lead to experience-dependent changes in neural circuits underlying reward processes; processes associated...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Default mode network integrity changes contribute to cognitive deficits in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia
Abstract Vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (VCIND) refers to cognitive deficits associated with underlying vascular causes that are insufficient to confirm a diagnosis of dementia. The default mode network (DMN) is a large-scale brain network of interacting brain regions involved in attention, working memory and executive function. The role of DMN white matter integrity in cognitive deficits of VCIND patients is unclear. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), this study...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Smaller volume of right hippocampal CA2/3 in patients with panic disorder
Abstract The hippocampus is thought to play an important role in conveying contextual information to the amygdala as the neural basis of panic disorder (PD). Previous studies have revealed functional abnormalities in the hippocampus in patients with PD compared with healthy control subjects (HC), but no study has reported volume abnormalities in the hippocampus or evaluated minute structural changes in the hippocampus in such patients. We thus investigated volume abnormalities...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Functional connectivity of thalamus in children with primary nocturnal enuresis: results from a resting-state fMRI study
Abstract Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is characterized by a low cure rate and a high reoccurrence rate, since its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Based on the recent studies that thalamus plays an important role in waking up a sleeping person, here we further investigate the functional connectivity (FC) information between thalamus and other brain regions, in order to make better understanding of the PNE’s pathogenesis. In this study, we enrolled 30 children diagnosed...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Metabolic and amyloid PET network reorganization in Alzheimer’s disease: differential patterns and partial volume effects
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, considered a disconnection syndrome with regional molecular pattern abnormalities quantifiable by the aid of PET imaging. Solutions for accurate quantification of network dysfunction are scarce. We evaluate the extent to which PET molecular markers reflect quantifiable network metrics derived through the graph theory framework and how partial volume effects (PVE)-correction (PVEc) affects these PET-derived metrics...
Latest Results for Brain Imaging and Behavior
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00
Neuropsychological Deficits in Patients with Electrical Status Epilepticus During Sleep: A Non-invasive Analysis of Neurovascular Coupling
Abstract To evaluate the effects of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and explore the associated neuro-vascular coupling and neuropsychological deficits. 19 ESES patients were recruited to undergo real-time transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) and video-EEG monitoring (vEEG). Patients were grouped based on their cognitive functions or their EEG patterns. The mean cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFVm) of the unilateral middle cerebral...
Latest Results for Brain Topography
Tue Mar 03, 2020 02:00

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