Abstract Benign alveolar ridge keratosis (BARK), the intraoral counterpart of cutaneous lichen simplex chronicus, is a reactive hyperkeratosis caused by trauma or friction that presents as a poorly demarcated white papule or plaque on the keratinized mucosa of the retromolar pad or alveolar ridge mucosa (often edentulous). This is a clinical and histopathologic analysis of BARK including evaluation of p53 expression in selected cases. One hundred and sixty-seven cases of BARK were...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic SurgeryAuthor(s): Hanyao Huang, Yapei Han, Tolu Akinade, Jingtao Li, Bing Shi, Chenghao Li
Mon Mar 16, 2020 16:13
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic SurgeryAuthor(s): Bryan J.W. Chew, Michelle Griffin, Peter E Butler, Ash Mosahebi
Mon Mar 16, 2020 16:13
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic SurgeryAuthor(s): Z. Vinnicombe, K.S. Johal, P. Roblin, P-N. Mohanna
Mon Mar 16, 2020 16:13
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: American Journal of OtolaryngologyAuthor(s): Alper Yenigun, Selahattin Tugrul, Remzi Dogan, Fadlullah Aksoy, Orhan Ozturan
Mon Mar 16, 2020 16:09
Surgical Infections, Ahead of Print.
Thu Mar 12, 2020 09:00
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical epigenetic regulators and play important roles in cardiac development and congenital heart disease. In a previous study, we identified a novel lncRNA, Ppp1r1b, with expression highly correlated with myogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies Ppp1r1b-lncRNA function in myogenic regulation is unknown. By silencing Ppp1r1b-lncRNA, mouse C2C12 and human skeletal myoblasts failed to develop fully differentiated myotubes. Myogenic...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Dynamic insights on transcription initiation and RNA processing during bacterial adaptation [REPORT]
Transcription initiation and RNA processing govern gene expression and enable bacterial adaptation by reshaping the RNA landscape. The aim of this study was to simultaneously observe these two fundamental processes in a transcriptome responding to an environmental signal. A controlled E system in E. coli was coupled to our previously described tagRNA-seq method to yield process kinetics information. Changes in transcription initiation frequencies (TIF) and RNA processing frequencies (PF) were followed...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
The enzyme Tpt1 removes an internal RNA 2'-PO4 via a two-step reaction in which: (i) the 2'-PO4 attacks NAD+ to form an RNA-2'-phospho-(ADP-ribose) intermediate and nicotinamide; and (ii) transesterification of the ADP-ribose O2'' to the RNA 2'-phosphodiester yields 2'-OH RNA and ADP-ribose-1'',2''-cyclic phosphate. Because step 2 is much faster than step 1, the ADP-ribosylated RNA intermediate is virtually undetectable under normal circumstances. Here, by testing chemically modified nucleic acid...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Archaea and eukaryotes, in addition to protein-only enzymes, also possess ribonucleoproteins containing an H/ACA guide RNA plus four proteins that produce pseudouridine (). Although typical conditions for these RNA-guided reactions are known, certain variant conditions allow pseudouridylation. We used mutants of the two stem–loops of the Haloferax volcanii sR-h45 RNA that guides three pseudouridylations in 23S rRNA and their target RNAs to characterize modifications under various atypical conditions....
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Programmed –1 ribosomal frameshifts (–1 PRFs) are commonly used by viruses to regulate their enzymatic and structural protein levels. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a carcinogenic retrovirus that uses two independent –1 PRFs to express viral enzymes critical to establishing new HTLV-1 infections. How the cis-acting RNA elements in this viral transcript function to induce frameshifting is unknown. The objective of this work was to conclusively define the 3' boundary of and the RNA...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
The translation preinitiation complex (PIC) scans the mRNA for an AUG codon in a favorable context. Previous findings suggest that the factor eIF1 discriminates against non-AUG start codons by impeding full accommodation of Met-tRNAi in the P site of the 40S ribosomal subunit, necessitating eIF1 dissociation for start codon selection. Consistent with this, yeast eIF1 substitutions that weaken its binding to the PIC increase initiation at UUG codons on a mutant his4 mRNA and particular synthetic mRNA...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Due to the polyanionic nature of RNAs, the structural folding of RNAs are sensitive to solution salt conditions, while there is still lack of a deep understanding of the salt effect on the thermodynamics and kinetics of RNAs at a single base-pair level. In this work, the thermodynamic and the kinetic parameters for the base-pair AU closing/opening at different salt concentrations were calculated by 3-µsec all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at different temperatures. It was found that for...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
The genomic, bipartite replication promoter of Ebola virus (EBOV) consists of elements 1 (PE1) and 2 (PE2). PE1 (55 nt at the 3'-terminus) is separated from PE2 (harboring eight 3'-UN5 hexamers) by the transcription start sequence (TSS) of the first nucleoprotein (NP) gene plus a spacer sequence. Insertions or deletions in the spacer were reported to support genome replication if comprising 6 or 12, but not 1/2/3/5/9 nt. This gave rise to the formulation of the "rule of 6" for the EBOV replication...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Little is known concerning the effects of abiotic factors on in vivo RNA structures. We applied Structure-seq to assess the in vivo mRNA structuromes of Arabidopsis thaliana under salinity stress, which negatively impacts agriculture. Structure-seq utilizes dimethyl sulfate reactivity to identify As and Cs that lack base-pairing or protection. Salt stress refolded transcripts differentially in root versus shoot, evincing tissue specificity of the structurome. Both tissues exhibited an inverse correlation...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
A comparative analysis of ADAR mutant mice reveals site-specific regulation of RNA editing [ARTICLE]
Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing is an essential post-transcriptional modification catalyzed by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)1 and ADAR2 in mammals. For numerous sites in coding sequences (CDS) and microRNAs, editing is highly conserved and has significant biological consequences, for example, by altering amino acid residues and target recognition. However, no comprehensive and quantitative studies have been undertaken to determine how specific ADARs contribute to conserved sites in vivo....
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: Medical Image AnalysisAuthor(s): Nikolaos Dikaios
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:37
Background Body fluid cytology (BFC) is an important tool in the diagnosis and staging of malignancy and is aided by the judicious use of immunohistochemistry (IHC). The aim of this study was to determine the usage rates of IHC stains in BFC, their type and indications, and their diagnostic impact. We also attempted to estimate the optimal rate of IHC use in BFC by comparing the entire laboratory's and each individual cytopathologist's IHC use rates with their respective indeterminate and malignant...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:30
Abstract By the summer of 1948, socialist Yugoslavia seemed determined to follow in the footsteps of its closest ally, the Soviet Union, and strike a decisive blow to “reactionary genetics.” But barely a month before the infamous VASKhNIL session, the Soviet–Yugoslav split began to unravel, influencing the reception of Lysenko’s doctrine in Yugoslavia. Instead of simply dismissing it as yet another example of Stalinist deviationism, Yugoslav mičurinci carefully weighed its political...
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Up to 70% of adrenal masses detected in patients affected by extra-adrenal malignancy are metastatic lesions. Therefore, detection of an adrenal mass in patients with active or previous malignancy requires a careful differential diagnostic workup. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) is increasingly being used to determine the malignant potential of adrenal lesions....
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: World NeurosurgeryAuthor(s): Ron Neyens, J Chris Donaldson, Charles Andrews, Ryan Kellogg, Alejandro Spiotta
Mon Mar 16, 2020 15:05
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): Cynthia Kanagaratham, Yasmeen S. El Ansari, Benjamin F. Sallis, Brianna-Marie A. Hollister, Owen L. Lewis, Samantha C. Minnicozzi, Michiko K. Oyoshi, Rachel Rosen, Samuel Nurko, Edda Fiebiger, Hans C. Oettgen
Mon Mar 16, 2020 14:50
Publication date: Available online 15 March 2020Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyAuthor(s): G. Roberts, S. Fontanella, A. Selby, R. Howard, Sarah Filippi, G. Hedlin, B. Nordlund, P. Howarth, S. Hashimoto, P. Brinkman, L.J. Fleming, C. Murray, A. Bush, U. Frey, F. Singer, Ann-Marie Malby Schoos, W. van Aalderen, R. Djukanovic, K.F. Chung, P.J. Sterk
Mon Mar 16, 2020 14:50
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15212-0In Brassicaceae, interaction between the pollen-derived peptide ligand SP11 and the pistil-expressed receptor kinase SRK leads to self-incompatibility. Here the authors provide evidence that in Arabidopsis dominant self-compatibility inducers evolved at least twice via insertion of inverted repeats in the SRK locus.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15127-wRhoptries are essential organelles for invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium. Here, the authors characterize the rhoptry-associated protein CERLI1 using quantitative super-resolution microscopy, showing that it is important for parasite invasion and secretion of rhoptry proteins including vaccine antigens.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15164-5Epithelial cell monolayers show remarkable displacement and velocity correlations over distances of ten or more cell sizes. Here the authors show that cell motility coupled to the collective elastic modes of the cell sheet is sufficient to produce characteristic swirl-like correlations.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15220-0The oncogene MLL is frequently translocated in leukemia, resulting in oncogenic fusion proteins. Here, the authors report a temporally controlled mouse model of MLL-ENL driven leukemia AND identify therapeutic targets associated with early MLL-ENL driven leukaemogenesis.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15143-wLaNiO3 is a strange metal, for reasons that are not well understood. Here, Liu et al. report evidence for scattering of charge carriers by antiferromagnetic quantum fluctuations in high-purity epitaxial thin films of LaNiO3, suggesting it is close to an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15221-zChromatin accessibility is a key mediator of gene expression and mutations in chromatin modifiers are frequently seen in cancers. Here, the authors show that the chromatin accessibility regulator HMGN1 - which is frequently mutated by amplification in leukemias - acts by blocking myeloid differentiation.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15195-yAlgorithms to assess causal relationships in data sets have seen increasing applications in climate science in recent years. Here, the authors show that these techniques can help to systematically evaluate the performance of climate models and, as a result, to constrain uncertainties in future climate change projections.
Mon Mar 16, 2020 02:00
Nature Communications, Published online: 16 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15141-yEffective electrocatalyst is crucial in promoting CO2 reduction to address current energy/environmental issue. Here, the authors develop bimetallic layered two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic framework to synergistically and efficiently electro-catalyze CO2 to CO toward syngas synthesis.
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