Abstract Background Growing evidence suggests that leptin is critical for glycemic control. Impaired leptin signaling may also contribute to low adiponectin expression in obese individuals. We assessed the association of leptin and adiponectin with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), their interactions with sex and obesity status, and mediation by insulin resistance. ...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background The objective of this paper is to identify the key conditions that positively affect the use of e-health services in Central Eastern Europe (CEE) countries. CEE countries after the political and economic transformation in 1989/90 implemented slightly different national health care models. The research question of the study is: how do the various institutional conditions at the national level affect the use...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Bridging involves improving knowledge sharing and collaboration across different fields, such as aging and disability. The objectives of this review were to describe: 1) the contexts where bridging has occurred in relation to delivery of health services for adults aging with neurological or developmental conditions; and 2) characterize and map bridging tasks, stakeholders involved, and outcomes discussed in...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background The look-back period is needed to define baseline population for estimating incidence. However, short look-back period is known to overestimate incidence of diseases misclassifying prevalent cases to incident cases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the various length of look-back period on the observed incidences of uterine leiomyoma, endometriosis and adenomyosis, and to estimate true...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Building an equitable health care system involves both the promotion of social justice in health and people’s subjective perception of the promotion. This study aimed to analyze the overall status and associated factors of the perceived equity of the Chinese health care system, and then to offer policy recommendations for health care reform. ...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background In Canada, access to palliative care is a growing concern, particularly in rural communities. These communities have constrained health care services and accessing local palliative care can be challenging. The Site Suitability Model (SSM) was developed to identify rural “candidate” communities with need for palliative care services and existing health service capacity that could be enhanced to support a secondary...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Traditional nurse call systems used in residential care facilities rely on patients to summon assistance for routine or emergency needs. Wireless nurse call systems (WNCS) offer new affordances for persons unable to actively or consciously engage with the system, allowing detection of hazardous situations, prevention and timely treatment, as well as enhanced...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background While interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral collaboration promotes the effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes for persons with low back pain, challenges remain for this process. Few studies have explored challenges to cross-sectoral care as experienced by all the involved professionals across sectors during a course of treatment. The aim of this study was to explore challenges to cross-sectoral care as experienced...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Some patients admitted to acute care hospital require supportive services after discharge. The objective of our review was to identify models and variables that predict the need for supportive services after discharge from acute care hospital. Methods We performed a systematic review searching the MEDLINE, CINAHL,...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Many high burden countries are scaling-up GeneXpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) testing for tuberculosis (TB) using a hub-and-spoke model. However, the effect of scale up on reducing TB has been limited. We sought to characterize variation in implementation of referral-based Xpert TB testing across Uganda, and to identify health system factors that may enhance or prevent high-quality implementation of Xpert testing services....
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Weekend admission to the hospital has been found to be associated with higher in-hospital mortality rates, but the cause for this phenomenon remains controversial. US based studies have been limited in their characterization of the weekend patient population, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the implications of this effect. Methods...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Facilitation is a key strategy that may contribute to successful implementation of healthcare innovations. In blended facilitation, external facilitators (EFs) guide and support internal facilitators (IFs) in directing implementation processes. Developers of the i-PARIHS framework propose that successful facilitation requires project management, team/process, and influencing/negotiating skills. It is unclear...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background The lack of evidence for the effective management of carious lesions in children’s primary teeth has caused uncertainty for the dental profession and patients. Possible approaches include conventional and biological management alongside best practice prevention, and best practice prevention alone. The FiCTION trial assessed the effectiveness of these options, and included a qualitative study exploring dental...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objective We present a method to prepare an amyloid model at scalable quantities for phantom studies to evaluate small-angle x-ray scattering systems for amyloid detection. Two amyloid models were made from a plasma protein with and without heating. Both models mimic the \(\beta \)-sheet structure of the \(\beta \)-amyloid (\(\beta \text {A}\)) plaques in Alzheimer’s disease. Amyloid detection is based on the distinct peaks...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objective Commercial kits of column tests for pre-transfusion testing have progressively replaced conventional tube tests in most laboratories. Aim of this study was to compare three commercial test cell panels for the identification of irregular red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies. Overall, 44 samples with a positive indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) by routine testing were used for comparison of following panels: Ortho...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess the availability of adequately iodized salt at a household level and associated factors in Arba Minch town, South Ethiopia using the gold standard technique, the iodometric titration. Results 41.8% (95% CI (confidence interval) 38.6 to 45.1) of households had inadequately iodized salt, and 9.3% (95%...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Objective In tropical Africa, trypanosomiasis is present in endemic areas with many other diseases including malaria. Because malaria vectors become more anthropo-zoophilic under the current insecticide pressure, they may be exposed to trypanosome parasites. By collecting mosquitoes in six study sites with distinct malaria infection prevalence and blood sample from cattle, we tried to assess the influence of malaria-trypanosomiasis...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor that often develops during the period of rapid growth associated with adolescence. Despite successful primary tumor control accompanied by adjuvant chemotherapy, death from pulmonary metastases occurs in approximately 30% of patients within 5 years. As overall survival in patients remains unchanged over the last 30 years, urgent needs for novel therapeutic strategies...
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Abstract Purpose The risk of being diagnosed with contralateral breast cancer (CBC) is an important health issue among breast cancer survivors. There is an increasing interest in the effect of lifestyle and reproductive factors on CBC risk, since these factors may partly be modifiable. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis and aimed to evaluate the impact of lifestyle and reproductive factors on CBC risk in population-based...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract The emergence of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has segued the development of transcatheter mitral valve (MV) repair devices. Transcatheter mitral valve repair has become a well-established alternative for patients with severe primary and secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) and with a perceived surgical risk. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) could become a more complete form of reduction of severe MR compared to MV repair devices, albeit with...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Mammalian fertilization remains a poorly understood event with the vast majority of studies done in the mouse model. The purpose of this review is to revise the current knowledge about semen deposition, sperm transport, sperm capacitation, gamete interactions and early embryonic development with a focus on the porcine model as a relevant, alternative model organism to humans. The review provides a thorough overview of post-ejaculation events inside the sow’s reproductive...
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Abstract Purpose Immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently been approved by the US FDA as first and/or second line therapy in a subset of cancer types. Recent evidence suggests that the quantity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) influences the likelihood of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we set out to assess the density of CD8+ lymphocytes in a wide range of different cancer types and subtypes. ...
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Abstract Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcribed pervasively in the genome and act to regulate chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Dysregulated lncRNA expression has been reported in many cancers, but the role of lncRNAs in esophageal cancer (EC) has so far remained poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to understand the effect of lncRNA LINC01234 on EC development through competitively binding to microRNA-193a-5p...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Background Qishen granules (QSG) has been applied to treat heart failure (HF) for decades. Our previous transcriptomics study has suggested that Qishen granules (QSG) could regulate the pathways of cardiac energy metabolism in HF, but the specific regulatory mechanism has not yet been clarified. This study was to investigate the potential mechanism of QSG in regulating myocardial fatty acid (FA) and glucose metabolism in...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Mixed connective tissue disease was first described as a new autoimmune rheumatic disease in 1972 based on the claim of a distinct clinical picture associated with anti-RNP antibody positivity. Subsequently, this new entity has divided opinions in the rheumatology community. We have reviewed recent cohort studies with more than 100 patients, comparing the clinical and immunological features, treatment, prognosis and evolution to well-defined autoimmune rheumatic diseases....
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a highly symptomatic disease, with a wide range of disabilities affecting many bodily functions, even in younger persons with a short disease history. The availability of a cannabinoid oromucosal spray (Sativex) for the management of treatment-resistant MS spasticity has provided a new opportunity for many patients. Objective ...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Multiple stimulant and non-stimulant medications are approved for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most prevalent childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Choosing among the available agents and determining the most effective ADHD medication for a given child can be a time-consuming process due to the high inter-individual variability in treatment efficacy. As a result, there is growing interest in identifying predictors of ADHD...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
The original publication of this article [1] contained an incorrect author name.
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Abstract Purpose of Review In recent decades, food allergy has become an increasing concern for families, clinicians, and policymakers. This review aims to summarize what is currently known about the epidemiology and population-level burden of IgE-mediated food allergy, including its effects on quality of life. Recent Findings Prevalence...
Fri Feb 14, 2020 02:00
Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate potential of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOSO) to modulate rumen microflora to mitigate methane (CH4) production in different total mixed rations (TMRs). Three TMRs with different roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratio were used as substrates (R70:C30, R50:C50 and R30:C70) for in vitro fermentation study using batch culture technique. Results revealed that supplementation of MOSO in different rations with variable roughage to concentrates...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
Zusammenfassung Etwa 2 % der Bevölkerung leiden unter Psoriasis, die längst nicht mehr eine rein dermatologische Erkrankung, sondern vielmehr eine Systemerkrankung darstellt. Demnach müssen auch häufig Begleiterkrankungen sowie eine potenzielle Gelenkbeteiligung erfasst und ggf. eine interdisziplinäre Patientenbetreuung organisiert werden. Der Einsatz von validierten Scores stellt eine wichtige Ergänzung der Anamnese dar. Therapeutisch kommen intensivierte Lokaltherapien zum Einsatz...
Wed Mar 04, 2020 02:00
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