Many plant-pathogenic bacteria and fungi deploy effector proteins that down-regulate plant defense responses and reprogram plant metabolism for colonization and survival in planta. Kiwellin (KWL) proteins are a widespread family of plant-defense proteins that target these microbial effectors. The KWL1 protein from maize (corn, Zea mays) specifically inhibits the enzymatic activity of the secreted chorismate mutase Cmu1, a virulence-promoting effector of the smut fungus Ustilago maydis. Besides KWL1,...
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Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, and intestinal microbial community plays a pivotal role in colorectal tumor genesis. Probiotics as live microorganisms may be able to exert an anticancer effect in colon cancer. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify Lactobacillus spp. from traditional dairy products with probiotic properties and to investigate their anticancer effects through ErbB-2 and ErbB-3 gene expression in colon cancer cells. The isolated lactobacilli from yogurt...
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Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, whereas dietary factors are its most modifiable risk factors. The index of nutritional quality is considered as a general overview of the nutrient content of diet. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the index of nutritional quality and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomas. Methods: Overall, 129 colorectal cancer and 130 colorectal adenoma cases and 240 healthy controls were studied...
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Despite globally increased awareness and widespread availability of screening tools, little is known about prostate cancer (PCa) awareness and screening practices in Kenya. To assess PCa awareness and screening practice among Kenyan men (age: 15–54 years), a cross-sectional study was carried out using Kenya Demographic Health Survey (KDHS 2014) data. A subsample of 12 803 men was taken and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Overall, 7926 (61.9%) men were aware of PCa. Three hundred eleven (3.9%) men...
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Females differ from males in incidence and clinical characteristics of colorectal cancer. Understanding the differences can lead to development of preventive approaches. To identify reproductive factors currently associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. Consecutively diagnosed female colorectal cancer cases and randomly chosen colorectal cancer-free controls matched on age/ethnicity/primary care clinic within the molecular epidemiology of colorectal cancer study, a population-based case-control...
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Systemic sclerosis is a rare autoimmune disorder that potentially affects nearly every organ of the body. Malignancies are one of the most common non-systemic sclerosis related cause of mortality. There are controversial findings regarding the cervical cancer rate among these patients, but prolonged immunosuppressive medication makes them more susceptible to cervical cancer. In the present study, we have aimed to investigate the cervical cancer screening result and the Pap test non-adherence risk...
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Lung cancer is a deadly disease, typically caused by known risk factors, such as tobacco smoke and asbestos exposure. By triggering cellular oxidative stress and altering the antioxidant pathways eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), tobacco smoke and asbestos predispose to cancer. Despite easily recognizable high-risk individuals, lung cancer screening and its early detection are hampered by poor diagnostic tools including the absence of proper biomarkers. This study aimed to recognize potential...
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No abstract available
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Antibiotics, Vol. 9, Pages 217: Natural Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050217 Authors: Carlos Manuel Franco Beatriz I. Vázquez During the first two decades of this century, conventional antimicrobial compounds have been found out to have more bacterial resistance. What has also been worrying is the rediscovery of the so-called “natural compounds”, which in turn have a good name among the average citizen because of the...
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Antibiotics, Vol. 9, Pages 215: Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infections in University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” between 2017 and 2018 Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050215 Authors: Folliero Caputo Rocca Chianese Galdiero Iovene Hay Franci Galdiero Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common and expensive health problem globally. The treatment of UTIs...
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Antibiotics, Vol. 9, Pages 214: Plasticity of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Membrane Fatty Acid Composition and Implications for Responses to Antimicrobial Agents Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050214 Authors: Kiran B. Tiwari Craig Gatto Brian J. Wilkinson Staphylococcus aureus demonstrates considerable membrane lipid plasticity in response to different growth environments, which is of potential relevance to response and resistance to various antimicrobial agents....
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Antibiotics, Vol. 9, Pages 213: Antibacterial Discovery: 21st Century Challenges Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050213 Authors: Paul S. Hoffman It has been nearly 50 years since the golden age of antibiotic discovery (1945–1975) ended; yet, we still struggle to identify novel drug targets and to deliver new chemical classes of antibiotics to replace those rendered obsolete by drug resistance. Despite herculean efforts utilizing a wide range of antibiotic discovery...
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Antibiotics, Vol. 9, Pages 212: Cleaning up China’s Medical Cabinet—An Antibiotic Take-Back Programme to Reduce Household Antibiotic Storage for Unsupervised Use in Rural China: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050212 Authors: Lin Wang Wang Zhou Hargreaves : Background: Antibiotic misuse and unsafe disposal harm the environment and human health and contribute to the global threat of antimicrobial resistance. Household storage...
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Antibiotics, Vol. 9, Pages 211: Nitrofurantoin Failure in Elderly Men: A Retrospective Observational Study Antibiotics doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050211 Authors: Ilse Wolterink Theo Verheij Tamara Platteel Ann van den Bruel Arjen Stam Alma van de Pol Urinary tract infections in the elderly are common. Treatment with nitrofurantoin in men may not be sufficient if concomitant tissue involvement is present, resulting in treatment failure. The aim of this study is...
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Telemedicine and e-Health, Ahead of Print.
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ObjectiveTo estimate age-specific abortion incidence and unintended pregnancy in Zimbabwe, and to examine differences among adolescents by marital status and residence. DesignWe used a variant of the Abortion Incidence Complications Methodology, an indirect estimation approach, to estimate age-specific abortion incidence. We used three surveys: the Health Facility Survey, a census of 227 facilities that provide postabortion care (PAC); the Health Professional Survey, a purposive sample of key informants...
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Serrano-Gemes G, Rich-Ruiz M, Serrano-del-Rosal R. Systematic review of qualitative studies on participants in the decision-making process about the location of care of the elderly. BMJ Open 2020;10:e036551. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036551. This article was previously published with an error. Reference 31 was incorrect. The correct reference is as follows: Chen S, Brown JW, Mefford LC, et al. Elders’ decisions to enter assisted living facilities: a grounded theory study. J Hous Elderly 2008;22:86–103....
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify intrauterine growth differences according to infertility treatment compared with spontaneous conception and to describe intrauterine growth trajectories. DesignRetrospective cohort study. SettingA single primary and tertiary medical centre in Japan. ParticipantsThis study included singleton pregnant women with prenatal check-ups and delivery at the University of Yamanashi Hospital between 1 July 2012 and 30 September 2017. Patients were divided into four...
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IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common and heterogeneous disease. Using advanced analytic approaches to explore real-world data may identify different disease characteristics, responses to treatment and progression patterns. Insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla-300) is a second-generation basal insulin analogue with preserved glucose-lowering efficacy but reduced risk of hypoglycaemia. The purpose of the REALI pooled analysis described in this paper is to advance the understanding...
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ObjectivesLimited understanding of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), coupled with negative public discourse, are significant barriers to its introduction. What works to support PrEP awareness and broader HIV literacy among diverse communities in the context of biomedical HIV prevention remains unclear. This article considers how PrEP can be translated across diverse communities and what the HIV literacy challenges might be in the current context of PrEP provision. SettingWe developed an HIV literacy...
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ObjectivesTo analyse the association between the type of work (productive vs reproductive work) and the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in women with fibromyalgia. MethodThis cross-sectional study involved 258 women with fibromyalgia from southern Spain. Of them, 55% performed reproductive work (unpaid, associated with caregiving and domestic roles) exclusively, while 45% had productive job (remunerated, that results in goods or services). Physical activity of light, moderate...
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IntroductionMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered the intermediate phase between normal age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Moxibustion has gained increased popularity for the management of MCI in China.This study aimed to evaluate the effects and safety of moxibustion on symptoms of MCI. Methods and analysisFour English databases and six Chinese databases will be searched from their inception to October 2019: Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Allied...
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IntroductionPeople with type 2 diabetes (T2D) can improve glycaemic control or even achieve remission through weight loss and reduce their use of medication and risk of cardiovascular disease. The Glucose Lowering through Weight management (GLoW) trial will evaluate whether a tailored diabetes education and behavioural weight management programme (DEW) is more effective and cost-effective than a diabetes education (DE) programme in helping people with overweight or obesity and a recent diagnosis...
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ObjectivesTo examine three walkability measures (points of interest (POI), transit stations and impedance (restrictions to walking) within 640 m of participant’s addresses) in different regions in Germany and assess the relationships between walkability, walking/cycling and body mass index (BMI) using generalised additive models. SettingFive different regions and cities of Germany using data from five cohort studies. ParticipantsFor analysing walking/cycling behaviour, there were 6269 participants...
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BackgroundPatients at their end-of-life (EOL) phase frequently visit the emergency department (ED) due to their symptoms, yet the environment and physicians in ED are not traditionally equipped or trained to provide palliative care. This multicentre study aims to measure the current quality of EOL care in ED to identify gaps, formulate improvements and implement the improved EOL care protocol. We shall also evaluate healthcare resource utilisation and its associated costs. Methods and analysisThis...
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ObjectivesOvertreatment is increasingly seen as a challenge in clinical practice and can lead to unnecessary interventions, poor healthcare outcomes and increasing costs. However, little is known as to what exactly causes overtreatment. In 2015, the Royal Dutch Medical Association (RDMA) attempted to address this problem and distinguished several mechanisms that were thought to drive overtreatment. In 14 qualitative interviews among Dutch physicians, we investigated which mechanisms played a role...
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ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between developmental health and neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) in kindergarten children with disabilities. DesignCross-sectional study using population-level database of children’s developmental health at school entry (2002–2014). Setting12 of 13 Canadian provinces/territories. MeasuresTaxfiler and Census data between 2005 and 2006, respectively, were aggregated according to custom-created neighbourhood boundaries and used to create an index of...
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ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of different insomnia subtypes among middle-aged adults from Europe and Australia and to explore the cross-sectional relationship between insomnia subtypes, respiratory symptoms and lung function. DesignCross-sectional population-based, multicentre cohort study. Setting23 centres in 10 European countries and Australia. MethodsWe included 5800 participants in the third follow-up of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III (ECRHS III) who answered...
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ObjectiveWhether care group participation by general practitioners improves delivery of diabetes care is unknown. Using ‘monitoring of biomedical and lifestyle target indicators as recommended by professional guidelines’ as an operationalisation for quality of care, we explored whether (1) in new practices monitoring as recommended improved a year after initial care group participation (aim 1); (2) new practices and experienced practices differed regarding monitoring (aim 2). DesignObservational,...
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IntroductionThere are beneficial effects of advanced carbohydrate counting with an automatic bolus calculator (ABC) and intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in persons with type 1 diabetes. We aim to compare the effects of isCGM, training in carbohydrate counting with ABC and the combination of the two concepts with standard care. Methods and analysisA multi-centre randomised controlled trial with inclusion criteria: ≥18 years, type 1 diabetes ≥1 year, injection therapy,...
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IntroductionPre-emptive testing of pharmacogenetically relevant single-nucleotide polymorphisms can be an effective tool in the prevention of adverse drug reactions and therapy resistance. However, most of the tests are not used as standard in routine care in Germany because of lacking evidence for the clinical and economical benefit and their impact on the usage of healthcare services. We address this issue by investigating the influence of pharmacogenetic profiles on the use of healthcare services...
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate associations between occupational physical activity patterns (physical work demands linked to job title) and leisure time physical activity (assessed by questionnaire) with cardiorespiratory fitness (assessed by exercise test) among men and women in the German working population. DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study. SettingTwo-stage cluster-randomised general population sample selected from population registries of 180 nationally distributed...
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IntroductionDrug-related problems (DRPs) are a major cause of unplanned hospital admissions among elderly people, and transitions of care have been emphasised as a key area for improving patient safety. We have designed a complex clinical pharmacist intervention that targets people ≥75 years of age undergoing transitions of care from hospital to home and primary care. The main objective is to investigate if the intervention can reduce the risk of unplanned drug-related readmission within the first...
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ObjectivesAlthough people living with HIV (PLWH) have been disproportionately affected by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the global prevalence of PTSD among PLWH is unknown. This study aimed to systematically review the prevalence of PTSD among PLWH worldwide and explore variation in prevalence across sociodemographic and methodological factors. DesignA meta-analysis using a random-effects model was conducted to pool the prevalence estimated from individual studies, and subgroup analyses...
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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Knockdown of circAPLP2 Inhibits Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Regulating miR-485-5p/FOXK1 Axis
Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, Ahead of Print.
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