The psychosocial evaluation is well-recognized as an important component of the multifaceted assessment process to determine candidacy for heart transplantation, lung transplantation, and long-term mechanical circulatory support (MCS). However, there is no consensus-based set of recommendations for either the full range of psychosocial domains to be assessed during the evaluation, or the set of processes and procedures to be used to conduct the evaluation, report its findings, and monitor patients'...
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Objectives to assess the diagnostic characteristics of the get up and go test (GUGT) as a stand-alone test and in combination with the Flemish Triage Risk Screening Tool (fTRST) and Rowland questionnaire. One aim was to determine whether the diagnostic accuracy of these instruments could be improved for predicting unplanned emergency department (ED) readmission following ED discharge.MethodsWe carried out a prospective cohort study at the ED of the University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium. All patients...
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Hintergrund: Im klinischen Alltag stellt die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit zwischen Pflegefachpersonen und Ärzt(inn)en immer wieder eine Herausforderung dar. Quantitative oder qualitative Studien haben das Ziel, Erkenntnisse zu einer verbesserten Zusammenarbeit aufzuzeigen. Diese Erkenntnisse sind jedoch aus methodischen Gründen oft begrenzt. Ziel: Mittels Triangulation quantitativer und qualitativer Daten beschreibt diese Studie die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit aus Sicht der Pflegefachpersonen....
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There is a poorly understood relationship between Leadership WalkRounds (WR) and domains such as safety culture, employee engagement, burnout and work-life balance.; This cross-sectional survey study evaluated associations between receiving feedback about actions taken as a result of WR and healthcare worker assessments of patient safety culture, employee engagement, burnout and work-life balance, across 829 work settings.; 16 797 of 23 853 administered surveys were returned (70.4%). 5497 (32.7%...
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The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a family-centered care (FCC) intervention provided by an advanced practice nurse (APN) for parents of children with profound disabilities undergoing surgery.; In a quasi-experimental design, we used the MPOC-20 to assess satisfaction with FCC and interviews to identify potential mechanisms for improving satisfaction.; There was a positive effect on the MPOC-20 domain "general information," albeit with a small effect size (Cohen's d = 0.35)....
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The aim of this secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional Swiss Nursing Homes Human Resources Project (SHURP) study was to describe the prevalence of residents' verbal, physical and sexual aggression toward care workers in Swiss nursing homes and to explore their association with context and care worker factors. The study's sample incorporated data from 155 randomly selected nursing homes, including 402 units. Among care workers (n = 3919), 66% reported experiencing verbal, 42% physical and...
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To investigate parents' experiences, coping ability and quality of life while monitoring their sick child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome at home.; Interstage home monitoring for children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome reduces interstage mortality between Norwood stages I and II. Little is known about the psychosocial impact of interstage home monitoring.; Prospective mixed-method study.; This study assessed the psychosocial impact on parents during interstage home monitoring. This contains...
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As a category of bullying, mobbing is a form of violence in the workplace that damages the employing organization as well as the targeted employee. In Europe, the overall prevalence of mobbing in healthcare is estimated at 4%. However, few studies have explored mobbing among long-term care workers.; This study aims to examine the frequency of mobbing in Swiss nursing homes and its relationships with care workers' (i.e. registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, assistant nurse, nurse aide) health...
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To give a first description of the perception of late effects among long-term survivors after Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and to validate the German Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ).; This is a secondary analysis of data from the cross-sectional, mixed-method PROVIVO study, which included 376 survivors from two Swiss HSCT-centres. First, we analysed the sample characteristics and the distribution for each BIPQ item. Secondly, we tested three validity types...
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Because not every scientific question on effectiveness can be answered with randomised controlled trials, research methods that minimise bias in observational studies are required. Two major concerns influence the internal validity of effect estimates: selection bias and clustering. Hence, to reduce the bias of the effect estimates, more sophisticated statistical methods are needed.; To introduce statistical approaches such as propensity score matching and mixed models into representative real-world...
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Geriatric consultation teams have failed to impact clinical outcomes prompting geriatric co-management programmes to emerge as a promising strategy to manage frail patients on non-geriatric wards.; to conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness of in-hospital geriatric co-management.; MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and CENTRAL were searched from inception to 6 May 2016. Reference lists, trial registers and PubMed Central Citations were additionally searched.; randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental...
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Recent studies found major conflicts between traditional taxonomy and genetic differentiation of grass snakes and identified previously unknown secondary contact zones. Until now, little is known about gene flow across these contact zones. Using two mitochondrial markers and 13 microsatellite loci, we examined two contact zones. One, largely corresponding to the Rhine region, involves the western subspecies Natrix natrix helvetica and the eastern subspecies N. n. natrix, whereas in the other, more...
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ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter that protects tissues against xenobiotics, affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs and contributes to multidrug resistance. Although many inhibitors and modulators of ABCG2 have been developed, understanding their structure-activity relationship requires high-resolution structural insight. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human ABCG2 bound to synthetic derivatives of the fumitremorgin C-related inhibitor Ko143 or the multidrug resistance modulator...
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Homology modelling has matured into an important technique in structural biology, significantly contributing to narrowing the gap between known protein sequences and experimentally determined structures. Fully automated workflows and servers simplify and streamline the homology modelling process, also allowing users without a specific computational expertise to generate reliable protein models and have easy access to modelling results, their visualization and interpretation. Here, we present an update...
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Retrograde transport of membranes and proteins from the cell surface to the Golgi and beyond is essential to maintain homeostasis, compartment identity, and physiological functions. To study retrograde traffic biochemically, by live-cell imaging or by electron microscopy, we engineered functionalized anti-GFP nanobodies (camelid VHH antibody domains) to be bacterially expressed and purified. Tyrosine sulfation consensus sequences were fused to the nanobody for biochemical detection of; trans; -Golgi...
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We determine the frequency, risk factors, and mortality of neurologic complications in adults on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and propose an algorithm for preventive strategies.; PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.; Screening was performed using predefined search terms to identify cohort studies reporting neurologic complications in adults during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from 1990 to 2017.; The final reference list was generated on the basis of relevance to the discussed topics....
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Tumor endothelial marker 1 (TEM1) has been identified as a novel surface marker upregulated on the blood vessels and stroma in many solid tumors. We previously isolated a novel single-chain variable fragment (scFv) 78 against TEM1 from a yeast display scFv library. Here we evaluated the potential applications of scFv78 as a tool for tumor molecular imaging, immunotoxin-based therapy and nanotherapy. Epitope mapping, three-dimensional (3D) structure docking and affinity measurements indicated that...
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To improve gait in children with spastic paresis due to cerebral palsy or hereditary spastic paresis, the semitendinosus muscle is frequently lengthened amongst other medial hamstring muscles by orthopaedic surgery. Side effects on gait due to weakening of the hamstring muscles and overcorrections have been reported. How these side effects relate to semitendinosus morphology is unknown. This study assessed the effects of bilateral medial hamstring lengthening as part of single-event multilevel surgery...
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Distinguishing treatable causes for rapidly progressive dementia from those that are incurable is vital. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and voltage-gated potassium channel complex-associated autoimmune encephalitis (VGKC AE) are 2 such conditions with disparate outcomes and response to treatment. To determine the differences in electroencephalography between CJD and VGKC AE, we performed a retrospective review of medical records and examined clinical data, neuroimaging, and electroencephalographs...
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Periodic social events may influence the incidence and course of status epilepticus (SE), likely explained by patients' behavioral changes regarding alcohol intake, sleep, and compliance with antiseizure medication. However, data regarding the association between such events and SE are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify associations between periodic social events and the incidence, etiology, and outcome of SE.; Adult patients who were admitted to a tertiary academic medical...
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Impact of Vial Washing and Depyrogenation on Surface Properties and Delamination Risk of Glass Vials
The proper understanding of glass delamination is important to glass manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, and health authorities to mitigate the occurrence of glass flakes from the vial when in contact with specific drug product solutions. The surface of glass vials is altered during glass cane- and vial forming processes and is exposed to different stress conditions during drug product processing before coming in contact with the drug product solution. In this study, the impact of vial washing...
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We assessed how the seasonal variability of precipitation δ; 2; H and δ; 18; O is propagated into soil and xylem waters of temperate trees, applied a hydrological model to estimate the residence time distribution of precipitation in the soil, and identified the temporal origin of water taken up by Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica over 4 yr. Residence times of precipitation in the soil varied between a few days and several months and increased with soil depth. On average, 50% of water consumed by trees...
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Hydrogen (H) isotope ratio (δ; 2; H) analyses of plant organic compounds have been applied to assess ecohydrological processes in the environment despite a large part of the δ; 2; H variability observed in plant compounds not being fully elucidated. We present a conceptual biochemical model based on empirical H isotope data that we generated in two complementary experiments that clarifies a large part of the unexplained variability in the δ; 2; H values of plant organic compounds. The experiments...
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Direct evidence for the link between stem diameter variations (SDV) and the daily canopy water status, i.e., daily water potentials (Ψ), is rare, particularly for tall trees. It thus remains unclear up to what degree SDV readings are useful to estimate daily canopy Ψ. We measured SDV with point dendrometers at the stem base of tall, mature individuals of six European forest tree species in a near-natural temperate forest and compared them with daily canopy Ψ during the growing seasons of 2014 (wet)...
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Trees play a key role in the global hydrological cycle and measurements performed with the thermal dissipation method (TDM) have been crucial in providing whole-tree water-use estimates. Yet, different data processing to calculate whole-tree water use encapsulates uncertainties that have not been systematically assessed. We quantified uncertainties in conifer sap flux density (F; d; ) and stand water use caused by commonly applied methods for deriving zero-flow conditions, dampening and sensor calibration....
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The usage of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) to indicate carbon (C) limitation in trees requires knowledge of the minimum tissue NSC concentrations at lethal C starvation, and the NSC dynamics during and after severe C limitation. We completely darkened and subsequently released seedlings of two deciduous and two evergreen temperate tree species for varying periods. NSCs were measured in all major organs, allowing assessment of whole-seedling NSC balances. NSCs decreased fast in darkness, but...
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Tree growth enhancement under elevated [CO2] is much smaller than originally anticipated; yet carbon overabundance can lead to increased wood carbon storage and to stomata] downregulation and hence reduced water use. Notably, all three outcomes increase tree drought resistance. Here we studied growth, water relations, and nonstructural carbohydrates of 60 lemon saplings growing in CO2-controlled rooms at the same greenhouse, under 400, 650, and 850 ppm (CO2]. At each [CO2] level, 10 saplings were...
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Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyses the ATP-dependent carboxylation of acetyl-CoA, a rate-limiting step in fatty acid biosynthesis; 1,2; . Eukaryotic acetyl-CoA carboxylases are large, homodimeric multienzymes. Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase occurs in two isoforms: the metabolic, cytosolic ACC1, and ACC2, which is anchored to the outer mitochondrial membrane and controls fatty acid β-oxidation; 1,3; . ACC1 is regulated by a complex interplay of phosphorylation, binding of allosteric regulators and protein-protein...
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Imaging of native transcription factors and histone phosphorylation at high resolution in live cells
Fluorescent labeling of endogenous proteins for live-cell imaging without exogenous expression of tagged proteins or genetic manipulations has not been routinely possible. We describe a simple versatile antibody-based imaging approach (VANIMA) for the precise localization and tracking of endogenous nuclear factors. Our protocol can be implemented in every laboratory allowing the efficient and nonharmful delivery of organic dye-conjugated antibodies, or antibody fragments, into different metazoan...
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Parkinson's disease is a progressive neuropathological disorder that belongs to the class of synucleopathies, in which the protein alpha-synuclein is found at abnormally high concentrations in affected neurons. Its hallmark are intracellular inclusions called Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. We here report the structure of cytotoxic alpha-synuclein fibrils (residues 1-121), determined by cryo-electron microscopy structure at a resolution of 3.4Å. Two protofilaments form a polar fibril composed of staggered...
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Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) is a parasitic, vector-borne neglected tropical disease that has historically affected populations across West and Central Africa and can result in death if untreated. Following from the success of recent intervention programmes against gHAT, the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined a 2030 goal of global elimination of transmission (EOT). The key proposed indicator to measure achievement of the goal is zero reported cases. Results of previous...
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Soil‐transmitted helminths (STHs) are responsible for many millions of disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs) in the developing world; however, there is no research focused directly on development of new therapies, due to the high costs of research and development. Historically, anthelmintics for human helminthiases have been leveraged from the animal health industry, where the impact of helminth infections on production in ruminants, plus the health and zoonotic concerns for companion animals has...
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The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the last century is alarming and calls for alternative, nonchemical treatment strategies. Thermal medicine uses heat for the treatment of infectious diseases but its use in facultative and obligate intracellular bacteria remains poorly studied. In this review, we summarize previous research on reducing the infectious burden of; Mycobacterium ulcerans; and; Chlamydia trachomatis; by using water-filtered infrared A-radiation (wIRA), a special form of...
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Protein-protein interactions are often mediated by short linear motifs (SLiMs) that are located in intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins. Interactions mediated by SLiMs are notoriously difficult to study, and many functionally relevant interactions likely remain to be uncovered. Recently, pull-downs with synthetic peptides in combination with quantitative mass spectrometry emerged as a powerful screening approach to study protein-protein interactions mediated by SLiMs. Specifically,...
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Protein subcellular localization is an essential and highly regulated determinant of protein function. Major advances in mass spectrometry and imaging have allowed the development of powerful spatial proteomics approaches for determining protein localization at the whole cell scale. Here, a brief overview of current methods is presented, followed by a detailed discussion of organellar mapping through proteomic profiling. This relatively simple yet flexible approach is rapidly gaining popularity,...
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by Peng Gao, Dan Wang, Meiyue Liu, Siyuan Chen, Zhao Yang, Jie Zhang, Huan Wang, Yi Niu, Wei Wang, Jilong Yang, Guogui Sun Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recently shown to play vital regulatory and communication roles in cancers. In this study, we showed that the expression levels of miR-652-5p in tumour tissues and serum samples of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were lower compared to non-tumorous tissues and serum samples from healthy subjects, respectively. Decreased...
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by Cassandra M. Leech, Mackenzie J. Flynn, Heather E. Arsenault, Jianhong Ou, Haibo Liu, Lihua Julie Zhu, Jennifer A. Benanti Upon exposure to environmental stressors, cells transiently arrest the cell cycle while they adapt and restore homeostasis. A challenge for all cells is to distinguish between stress signals and coordinate the appropriate adaptive response with cell cycle arrest. Here we investigate the role of the phosphatase calcineurin (CN) in the stress response and demonstrate that...
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