Patient expectations and satisfaction with conventional complete dentures: a systematic review Swati Singh, Sunil K Mishra, Ramesh Chowdhary Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):55-67 Background Patient's satisfaction with dentures depends only on the treatment modality is quite questionable. The aim of the study was to find out various factors affecting the expectations and satisfaction of the patient with conventional complete dentures (CCDs). Materials and methods An electronic search was performed using Medline, PubMed, Sci-hub, Ebscohost, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Manual search of Gerodontology and Prosthodontics journal was also done. Articles in English or whose abstract was available in English were included. The search was focused on various factors affecting the expectations and satisfaction of the patient with CCDs. After screening of titles and abstracts literature that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for full-text reading. Results The initial literature search resulted in 377 articles out of which 319 articles were excluded. Three additional articles were included by hand searching, resulting in total 61 articles for systemic review. Conclusion Patient's expectation with CCDs is always more than patient's satisfaction. Stable mandibular denture is most important determinant of patient satisfaction. Patients are usually more satisfied with their maxillary CCDs compared to the mandibular CCDs. Satisfaction with denture also depends on the psychological status of patient.

Effect of heat treatment on the centering ability and dentin removal of a nickel–titanium single file rotary system Walaa M Ghoneim Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):68-72 Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the centering ability and amount of dentin removal of OneShape single file rotary system (OS) by cone beam computed tomography. Materials and methods Twenty human premolars with single root canals were allocated into two equal groups (n = 10) according to the used rotary system: group 1: OS system, group 2: One Curve which is heat-treated OS single file rotary system. Preinstrumentation and postinstrumentation images were obtained at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex and assessed to determine canal centering ability. Amount of removed dentin was estimated by difference between preinstrumentation and postinstrumentation root canal volumes. Data were analyzed using t-test and significance level was set at P value less than or equal to 0.05. Results The results showed that One Curve file has higher mean centering ratio and more dentin removal than OS file with no statistically significant difference between them (P > 0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that heat treatment did not have significant effect as both files could maintain the original canal path without significant differences in centering ability and amount of removed dentin.

The efficacy of different single file systems in cleaning oval shaped root canal Neveen A Shaheen Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):73-79 Aim The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the effectiveness in cleaning oval shaped canal using different single file systems (WaveOne, OneShape, and XP-endo shaper). Materials and methods Thirty freshly extracted single rooted premolars with single, oval shaped root canals were selected. The crowns of all teeth were cut at the cementum–enamel junction to obtain root segment of ~14 ± 1 mm length. After working length determination, samples were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the file system used for root canal preparation as follow: group 1: Primary WaveOne; group 2: OneShape file; group 3: XP-endo Shaper. Sodium hypochlorite irrigant was used throughout instrumentation followed by 17% EDTA then normal saline as final rinse. The roots were splitted longitudinally into two halves and then prepared for scanning electron microscopy evaluation. The presence of smear layer and debris was recorded at apical, middle, and coronal sections of the canal. The scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs were scored based on four-scale numerical scoring system, and the scores were tabulated accordingly and statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test at a significance level of P value less than 0.05 then Mann–Whitney test was done for multiple pairwise comparisons. Results XP-endo Shaper instrument was efficient for root canal cleaning when compared with the other two single file systems. There was statistical significant difference between cleaning efficiency of all instrumentation systems at the cervical or middle as compared with the apical thirds of root canal. Conclusion Complete canal cleanliness cannot be achieved with any of the investigated single file systems.

Physical characteristics of two moisture tolerant fissure sealants immersed in commercial products with different pH range Naglaa I Ezzeldin, Mona F Mohamed, Ahmed Abdou Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):80-87 Objective This study aimed to evaluate and compare between four physical variables (sorption, solubility, color change and fluoride release) for glass ionomer (GI) sealant against moisture tolerant resin sealant in solutions with different pH in different time intervals. Materials and methods Thirty discs were prepared from GI Fuji Triage and Embrace WetBond (EWB) resin sealant. Sorption, solubility and color change were measured after different time intervals (1 day, 1 week, and 1 month) of immersion of the specimens in different solution having different pH. In addition 10 disks were assessed for fluoride release of both sealants after being immersed in distilled water. Results EWB showed greater sorption in all media after 1 day and 1 week. GI sealant showed highest water sorption after 1 week and this sorption decreased again after 1 month. GI showed greater initial solubility in Pepsi and water after 1 day (P = 0.016). Pepsi showed higher solubility for EWB while no significant effect was found for GI with different media. The color change was greater for EWB when immersed in Pepsi and ginger. After 1-month storage, the color change was the highest specially for Pepsi for both sealants. Fluoride release was greater for GI compared to EWB. Conclusion Both sealants showed different physical performance depending on the type of immersion media and time period. This is expected to affect their mechanical properties and hence their clinical performance.

Knowledge of Turkish general dentists about traumatic dental injuries Gulcin C Sevencan, Olcay Ozdemir, Mustafa M Kocak, Baran C Saglam, Sibel Kocak, Emre Bodrumlu Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):88-93 Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of Turkish dentists on different scenarios in dental traumatology. Materials and methods A two-part online questionnaire was used to collect data. The first part included questions about practitioners' demographics, their meeting frequency for trauma cases, their self-evaluated knowledge, educational information about dentistry. The second part included multiple-choice for 10 clinical scenarios about a variety of dental trauma cases and their complications. Results A total of 472 questionnaires returned. 55.5% of participants were general dentists. Overall, 7.8% reported extensive and comprehensive knowledge about dental trauma, 55.3% considered their dental traumatology knowledge to be sufficient, but incomplete, and 36.9% self-evaluated their knowledge as insufficient. 40.9% of participants refer their patients for diagnosis and treatment mostly to endodontists, pediatric dentists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. In questionnaire 2, overall the correct answer average was 5.79 based on 10 clinical scenarios. The average of correct answer in 1–5 years experience group was significantly higher than the groups having experience over 10 years. Conclusion Turkish general dentists demonstrated insufficient knowledge regarding the management of traumatized teeth. Informing the students during their undergraduate education and encouraging the clinicians to follow the updates in trauma guidelines may be beneficial for a higher success in trauma cases.

Antibacterial efficacy of Allium sativum (garlic) and chitosan incorporated into two root canal sealers against Enterococcus faecalis: comparative study Khaled A Beshr, Ramy A Abdelrahim Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):94-98 Aim This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) fillapex and Gutta-flow 2 sealers in the commercial unmodified form and two modified forms with chitosan and Allium sativum against Enterococcus faecalis strain (ATCC 2912). Materials and Methods The material tested were MTA fillapex and Gutta-flow 2 sealers in the commercial unmodified form and two modified forms with chitosan and A. sativum at concentrations 5, 10, and 20%. Agar diffusion test was used to evaluate the zone of inhibition of freshly mixed unmodified and modified materials against E. faecalis strain (ATCC 2912). Results The incorporation of A. sativum and chitosan into MTA fillapex sealer can significantly enhance its antibacterial activity against E. faecalis at all concentrations. However, the addition of A. sativum and chitosan to Gutta-flow 2 sealer exhibited no antibacterial effect except for Gutta-flow 2 that modified with 20% chitosan. Conclusion A. sativum and chitosan incorporated into MTA fillapex sealer can significantly improve its antibacterial efficacy of against E. faecalis. Also the incorporation of 20% of chitosan can enhance the antibacterial activity of Gutta-flow 2 sealer.

Immunohistochemical expression of minichromosome maintenance-3 protein in pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma Mohamed M Arafa, Adel M Raghib, Omneya M Wahba Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):99-103 Introduction Salivary gland tumors represent a diverse set of tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) are the most common benign and malignant salivary gland tumors respectively. Proliferation markers have been used to determine the behavior and prognosis of benign and malignant tumors. Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are family of six major members (MCM-2–7), which have similar biochemical functions and are essential for the process of DNA replication. MCM-3 is a member of this family, which present during proliferation of normal cells and neoplastic cells while absent in quiescent ones. Aim To assess the expression of MCM-3 in PA and MEC, and to correlate the expression of MCM-3 with the collected clinical data of PA and MEC. Materials and methods This retrospective study was performed using 40 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of PA and MEC (20 cases each). Clinical data were collected. The specimens were stained by conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining to confirm the diagnosis and then immunohistochemical staining was performed by using antibody against MCM-3 to evaluate the expression. Results MCM-3 expression was significantly correlated to grades of MEC and significantly different between MEC and PA. Furthermore, MCM-3 expression was positively correlated to female cases of MEC. Conclusion MCM-3 may be used as a sensitive proliferative marker for PA and MEC.

Local and systemic level of adipokines as markers of inflammation in periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus after periodontal therapy Dalia M Ghalwash, Olfat G Shaker, Enji A Mahmoud Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):104-114 Objective Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus are common disorders connected mainly by inflammation. While exploring and analyzing the several pathways linking diabetes and periodontitis, adipokines were prominent candidates amongst the biochemical parameters that could elucidate this interrelation. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on the glycemic control of well-controlled patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic periodontitis (CP), as well as on the serum and GCF levels of visfatin, chemerin and adiponectin in systemically healthy subjects with CP, controlled T2DM patients with CP. Patients and methods Serum and GCF samples were collected at baseline and 3 months after therapy to evaluate levels of visfatin, chemerin and adiponectin using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in all study groups. Group I: 15 healthy individuals. Group II: 30 CP patients. Group III: 30 periodontitis patients with T2DM. Results Significant reduction in serum and GCF levels of both chemerin and visfatin were recorded 3 months after therapy in periodontitis groups. On the contrary, significant elevation of serum and GCF levels of adiponectin were found. There was a direct positive correlation between percent change in serum glycosylated haemoglobin A1c level and serum visfatin and chemerin level and a negative correlation with serum adiponectin level. Conclusion This study demonstrates that serum and GCF levels of chemerin, visfatin and adiponectin play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and diabetes and reinforce the positive effect of periodontal therapy on the glycemic control.

Is Biodentine, as successful as, mineral trioxide aggregate for pulpotomy of primary molars? A split-mouth clinical trial Walid A Fouad, Randa Y Abd Al Gawad Tanta Dental Journal 2019 16(2):115-119 Background Despite the clinical and radiographic success of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy in primary molars, it does not gain much clinicians acceptance regarding manipulation difficulties. Aim This study aims to assess success rates of Biodentine and MTA used as pulpotomy agents in human primary molars, both clinically and radiographically. Patients and methods A split-mouth controlled clinical trial was carried out on 21 healthy, 3–7-year old children, with 42 pairs (84 molars) of contralateral mandibular primary molars indicated for pulpotomy. One paired tooth in one side was designated to Biodentine (group 1) and the other side for MTA (group 2) as a pulp medicament. All pulpotomized teeth were finally restored with stainless-steel crowns. Patients were monitored clinically and radiographically at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results For all the patients available for the follow up appointments, Biodentine and MTA showed 100% success rate both clinically and radiographically. Conclusion Biodentine and MTA are highly recommended as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars.