Objectives: A major issue in the rehabilitation of children with cochlear implants (CIs) is unexplained variance in their language skills, where many of them lag behind children with normal hearing (NH). Here, we assess links between generative language skills and the perception of prosodic stress, and with musical and parental activities in children with CIs and NH. Understanding these links is expected to guide future research and toward supporting language development in children with a CI. ...
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Abstract Objective response detection (ORD) techniques such as the magnitude-squared coherence (MSC) are mathematical methods tailored to detect potentials evoked by an external periodic stimulation. The performance of the MSC is directly proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the recorded signal and the time spent for collecting data. An alternative to increasing the performance of detection techniques without increasing data recording time is to use the information...
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Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
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Stem Cells and Development, Ahead of Print.
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Abstract Cysteine is a commercially valuable amino acid with an increasing demand in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Although cysteine is conventionally manufactured by extraction from animal proteins, this method has several problems, such as troublesome waste-water treatment and incompatibility with some dietary restrictions. Fermentative production of cysteine from plant-derived substrates is a promising alternative for the industrial production of cysteine....
Abstract The determination of cell viability is essential to many areas of life sciences and biotechnology. Typically, cell viability measurements are based on the optical analysis of stained cells, which requires additional labeling steps and is hard to implement online. Frequency-dependent impedance flow cytometry (IFC) provides a label-free, fast, and reliable alternative to determine cell viability at the single cell level based on the Coulter principle. Here, we describe the...
Abstract Novel alginate hydrogels with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and honey components were produced with the aim to target multidrug-resistant bacterial strains causing nosocomial wound infections. AgNP synthesis was optimized in highly concentrated honey solutions so that a 5-month stable, colloid solution with 50% of honey and ~ 8 nm AgNPs at neutral pH was obtained. The colloid solution was further used to produce nano-composite Ag/alginate hydrogels in different forms (microbeads,...
Abstract The utilized biomass is an important consideration for sustainable biofuel production. To avoid competing with food needs, researchers have turned their attention to non-food lignocellulosic biomasses as potential feedstocks for biofuel production. However, the saccharification of a lignocellulosic biomass produces a large amount of lignin as waste. To overcome this hurdle, biomass gasification has been suggested as an alternative to saccharification. During biomass gasification,...
Abstract Microbial bioremediation of heavy metal–contaminated soil is a potential technique to reduce heavy metals in crop plants. However, the dynamics and roles of the local microbiota in bioremediation of heavy metal–contaminated soil following microbial application are rarely reported. In this study, we used Pseudomonas chenduensis strain MBR for bioremediation of Cd-contaminated paddy soil and investigated its effects on the dynamics of the local soil bacterial community and...
Abstract Coupling algal cultivation with wastewater treatment due to their potentials to alleviate energy crisis and reduce environmental burden has attracted the increased attention in recent years. However, these microalgal-based processes are challenging since daily and seasonal temperature fluctuation may affect microalgal growth in wastewater, and the effects of the temperature regimes on microalgal biomass production and wastewater nutrient removal remain unclear. In this...
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The Journal of Antibiotics, Published online: 08 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41429-019-0217-5Nocardamin glucuronide, a new member of the ferrioxamine siderophores isolated from the ascamycin-producing strain Streptomyces sp. 80H647
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The impact of climate change that comes with a dramatic increase of long periods of extreme summer drought associated with heat is a fundamental challenge for European forests. As a result, forests are expected to shift their distribution patterns towards north-east, which may lead to a dramatic loss in value of European forest land. Consequently, unravelling key processes that underlie drought stress tolerance is not only of great scientific but also of utmost economic importance for forests to...
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Abstract Purpose Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) is a recently described epileptogenic neoplasm. As the name implies, PLNTYs are indolent tumors most often encountered in the pediatric or young adult population. The imaging features of PLNTY are not well characterized in the existing literature. Methods We performed a retrospective...
Abstract We herein present three cases of a rare type of spinal AVF, an intradural radicular AVF, which mimicked a dural AVF. A 65-year-old male presented with congestive myelopathy. On angiography, right vertebral angiogram (VAG) showed a suspected dural AVF; however, left VAG showed the same intradural dilated vein fed by the anterior spinal artery (ASA). Intraoperative and histological results suggested that a single AVF was located on the right C1 nerve root fed by the right...
Abstract Purpose Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) play an important role as an imaging biomarker notably in vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Current clinical brain MRI underestimates the number of CMB with respect to histopathology. It is expected that small CMBs are more likely to be false-negatives, yet this has not been demonstrated and the average size of false-negative and true-positive CMBs have not been established. ...
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Prior work indicates DEPTOR expression in multiple myeloma (MM) cells could be a therapeutic target. DEPTOR binds to mTOR via its PDZ domain and inhibits mTOR kinase activity. We previously identified a drug, which prevented mTOR-DEPTOR binding (NSC126405) and induced MM cytotoxicity. We now report on a related therapeutic, drug 3g, which induces proteasomal degradation of DEPTOR. DEPTOR degradation followed drug 3g binding to its PDZ domain and was not due to caspase activation or enhanced mTOR...
HER3 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 3) is overexpressed in several cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Although therapies with anti-HER3 antibodies have been investigated, significant clinical benefits have not been reported. U3-1402 is a novel HER3-antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), composed of the HER3 antibody patritumab and a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor, DX-8951 derivative (DXd). The sensitivity of DXd was evaluated by a growth inhibition assay. The antitumor activity of U3-1402...
Distinct metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells compared to normal cells can potentially be exploited for therapeutic targeting. Deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase-1 (ASS1) in pancreatic cancers creates auxotrophy for the semi-essential amino acid arginine. We explored the therapeutic potential of depleting exogenous arginine via pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20) treatment as an adjunct to radiation therapy. We evaluated the efficacy of treatment of human pancreatic cancer cell...
CDK4/6 inhibitors are FDA-approved drugs for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer and are being evaluated to treat other tumor types including KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their clinical utility is often limited by drug resistance. Here, we sought to better understand the resistant mechanisms and help devise potential strategies to overcome this challenge. We show that treatment of CDK4/6 inhibitors in both ER+ breast cancer and KRAS mutant NSCLC cells induce...
Anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promising clinical responses in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug, potentiates T cell functionality, drives antimyeloma activity, and alters the suppressive microenvironment; these properties may effectively combine with anti-BCMA CAR T cells to enhance function. Using an anti-BCMA CAR T, we demonstrated that lenalidomide enhances CAR T cell function in...
In the tumor microenvironment, multiple inhibitory checkpoint receptors can suppress T cell function, thereby enabling tumor immune evasion. Blockade of one of these checkpoint receptors, PD-1, with therapeutic antibodies (Abs) has produced positive clinical responses in various cancers, however, the efficacy of this approach can be further improved. Simultaneously targeting multiple inhibitory checkpoint receptors has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Here we report the development and...
Increased de novo synthesis of fatty acids is implicated in the pathogenesis of human prostate cancer, but a safe and effective clinical inhibitor of this metabolic pathway is still lacking. We have shown previously that leelamine (LLM) suppresses transcriptional activity of androgen receptor, which is known to regulate fatty acid synthesis. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of LLM on fatty acid synthesis. Exposure of 22Rv1, LNCaP, and PC-3 prostate cancer cells,...
Pancreatic cancer remains an incurable condition. Its progression is driven, in part, by subsets of cancer cells that evade the cytotoxic effects of conventional chemotherapies. These cells are often low-cycling, multi-drug resistant, and adopt a stem cell-like phenotype consistent with the concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs). To identify drugs impacting on tumor-promoting CSCs we performed a differential high-throughput (HTS) drug screen in pancreatic cancer cells cultured in traditional (2D) monolayers...
The role of Notch signaling and its ligand JAGGED1 (JAG1) in tumor biology have been firmly established, making them appealing therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Here we report the development and characterization of human/rat-specific JAG1-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Epitope mapping identified their binding to the Notch receptor interaction site within the JAG1 Delta/Serrate/Lag2 domain, where E228D substitution prevented effective binding to the murine Jag1 orthologue. These antibodies...
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 09 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0535-1Machine learning for tissue diagnostics in oncology: brave new world
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 09 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0539-xMachine learning-based prediction of breast cancer growth rate in vivo
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Non-contrast-enhanced MRA techniques have experienced a renaissance due to the known correlation between the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents and the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and the deposition of gadolinium in some brain regions. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of ungated non-contrast-enhanced radial quiescent-interval slice-selective MRA of the extracranial supra-aortic arteries in comparison with conventional...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:4D CT angiography is increasingly used in clinical practice for the assessment of different neurovascular disorders. Optimized processing of 4D-CTA is crucial for diagnostic interpretation because of the large amount of data that is generated. A color-mapping method for 4D-CTA is presented for improved and enhanced visualization of the cerebral vasculature hemodynamics. This method was applied to detect cranial AVFs.MATERIALS AND METHODS:All patients who underwent both 4D-CTA...
SUMMARY:Pericortical enhancement on postcontrast FLAIR images is a marker for subtle leptomeningeal blood-brain barrier leakage. We explored the optimal FLAIR sequence parameters for the detection of low gadolinium concentrations within the CSF. On the basis of phantom experiments and human in vivo data, we showed that detection of subtle pericortical enhancement can be facilitated by using a relatively long TE. Future studies should choose their FLAIR sequence parameters carefully when assessing...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Intrasaccular flow diversion offers a promising treatment option for complex bifurcation aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to compare the flow conditions between successfully occluded and incompletely occluded aneurysms treated with intrasaccular devices.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The hemodynamics in 18 completely occluded aneurysms after treatment with intrasaccular devices was compared against 18 that were incompletely occluded at follow-up. Hemodynamic and geometric parameters...
A Persistent Foramen of Huschke: A Small Road to Misery in Necrotizing External Otitis [HEAD & NECK]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Necrotizing external otitis is a serious complication of external otitis with different spreading patterns. A persistent foramen of Huschke is a dehiscence located antero-inferior in the osseous external ear canal and posterior-medial to the temporomandibular joint. This dehiscence can facilitate extension of infection in an anterior pattern next to classic spread along the fissures of Santorini. The aim of this study was to define the prevalence and size of a persistent foramen...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The presence of IPH is considered the most dangerous feature because it is significantly associated with clinical ipsilateral cerebrovascular events. Our aim was to explore the characterization of plaque with CT in symptomatic subjects with bilateral intraplaque hemorrhage.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Three-hundred-forty-three consecutive patients with recent anterior circulation ischemic events (<2 weeks) and CT of the carotid arteries (performed within 14 days of the cerebrovascular...
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