This study aimed to explore the age-specific effects of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) knockout on olfactory function in mice. In this study, we analyzed olfactory functions of 2-month-old, 10-month-old and 18-month-old female P2X7R KO mice and age-matched female C57BL/6 wildtype mice (WT mice) by buried food seeking test and olfactory avoidance test. The structure of mitochondria and synapses in olfactory bulb were observed by electron microscopy. The content of interleukin-1 (IL-1β) in olfactory bulb and...
The hypnotic effect of propofol involves inhibition of GABAergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus
Propofol is widely used for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, which causes a rapid loss of consciousness. So far the mechanisms underlying the effect of propofol are still largely unknown. Here, we found that microinjection of propofol in the lateral hypothalamus caused a significant decrease in wakefulness and an increase in the amount of non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement sleep. Application of propofol in the lateral hypothalamus affected the electroencephalogram power...
Cognitive dysfunction accompanied by neurofibromatosis type 1 is one of the significant characteristics of this neurocutaneous disorder and has a serious impact on patients’ quality of life. Although studies on cognitive function in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 have revealed that attentional impairment is a key deficit in these patients, few studies have examined their neuropsychological profile, especially whether the attentional function is also abnormal and specific in adult patients...
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The enzyme telomerase ensures the integrity of linear chromosomes by maintaining telomere length. As a hallmark of cancer, cell immortalization and unlimited proliferation is gained by reactivation of telomerase. However, a significant fraction of cancer cells instead uses alternative telomere lengthening mechanisms to ensure telomere function, collectively known as Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT). Although the budding yeast Naumovozyma castellii (Saccharomyces castellii) has a proficient...
In this paper we propose a Bayesian multi-output regressor stacking (BMORS) model that is a generalization of the multi-trait regressor stacking method proposed by Spyromitros-Xioufis et al. (2012; 2016). The proposed BMORS model consists of two stages: in the first stage, a univariate genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP including genotype x environment interaction GE) model is implemented for each of the traits under study; then the predictions of all traits are included as covariates...
Compared to angiosperms, gymnosperms lag behind in the availability of assembled and annotated genomes. Most genomic analyses in gymnosperms, especially conifer tree species, rely on the use of de novo assembled transcriptomes. However, the level of allelic redundancy and transcript fragmentation in these assembled transcriptomes, and their effect on downstream applications have not been fully investigated. Here, we assessed three assembly strategies for short-reads data, including the utility of...
Recent advancements in phenomics coupled with increased output from sequencing technologies can create the platform needed to rapidly increase abiotic stress tolerance of crops, which increasingly face productivity challenges due to climate change. In particular, highthroughput phenotyping (HTP) enables researchers to generate large-scale data with temporal resolution. Recently, a random regression model (RRM) was used to model a longitudinal rice projected shoot area (PSA) dataset in an optimal...
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If the A-form helix is the major structural motif found in RNA, the loops that cap them constitute the second most important family of motifs. Among those, two are over-represented, the GNRA and the UNCG tetraloops. Although one might think that these consensus sequences imply distinct and specific architectures, such is not the case. Recent surveys of RNA structures deposited in the PDB show that GNRA and UNCG tetraloops can adopt tertiary folds that are very different from their canonical conformations,...
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Purpose:Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) has a poor prognosis and few therapeutic options. Utilizing a 73-gene plasma-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA-NGS) test, we sought to evaluate the role of ctDNA-NGS in guiding clinical decision-making in GEA. Experimental Design: We evaluated a large cohort (n=2140 tests; 1630 patients) of ctDNA-NGS results (including 369 clinically-annotated pts). Patients were assessed for genomic alteration (GA) distribution...
Purpose: Standard treatment for glioblastoma (GBM) includes surgery, radiation (RT), and temozolomide (TMZ), yielding a median overall survival (OS) of »14 months. Preclinical models suggest pharmacological ascorbate (P-AscH-) enhances RT/TMZ anti-tumor effect in GBM. We evaluated the safety of adding P-AscH- to standard RT/TMZ therapy. Experimental Design: This first-in-human trial was divided into an RT phase (concurrent RT/TMZ/ P-AscH-) and adjuvant (ADJ) phase (post RT/TMZ/ P-AscH- phase). Eight...
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 20 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0536-0Solid cancer: the new tumour spread endpoint opens novel opportunities
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 19 August 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0554-yCorrection: Desperately seeking…Models to find the right partner and the best use for checkpoint inhibitors
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This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among female students of Wollega University, western Ethiopia in 2017.
Cervical cancer is among the leading cancer related causes of morbidity and mortality of women in the world. Ethiopia is among the highest risk countries with age adjusted incidence of cervical cancer 35.9 per...
Soybean seed development is negatively impacted by elevated temperatures during seed fill, which can decrease seed quality and economic value. Prior germplasm screens identified an exotic landrace able to main...
Rhodococcus equi is an opportunistic pathogen that causes disease worldwide in young foals and immunocompromised humans. The interactions of R. equi with the host immune system have been described; however, most ...
There is limited evidence on patient satisfaction with clinical laboratory services in Northwest Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction with clinical laboratory services and associated facto...
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Abstract Purpose To evaluate PBS®MCIMMO cement in the filling of bone defects. Methods Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of twelve individuals each (group 1, group 2 and group 3). In all groups, a bone failure in the femur was induced, 2.0 mm wide and 7.0 mm deep. In group 1, the PBS®MCIMMO cement was applied to the bone defect produced and a titanium implant (CONNECTION®) 1.5 mm thick and 6 mm long was installed. In group 2, only the PBS® CIMMO cement was installed....
Abstract Purpose To investigate the role and related mechanisms of miR-106a in sepsis-induced AKI. Methods Serum from sepsis and healthy patients was collected, sepsis mouse model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). TCMK-1 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and transfected with THBS2-small interfering RNA (siTHBS2), miR-106a inhibitor, miR-106a mimics and their negative controls (NCs). The expression of miR-106a, thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), Bax, cleaved caspase-3...
Abstract Purpose To Compare the extent and intensity of adhesions formed between the intra-abdominal organs and the intraperitoneal implants of polypropylene mesh versus polypropylene/polyglecaprone versus polyester/porcine collagen used for correction of abdominal wall defect in rats. Methods After the defect in the abdominal wall, thirty Wistar rats were placed in three groups (ten animals each) for intraperitoneal mesh implant: polypropylene group, polypropylene/polyglecaprone group, and polyester/porcine...
Abstract Purpose In view of the principal role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in mediating sterile inflammatory response contributing to osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a known TLR4 activator, to clarify whether modulation of TLR4 contributed to the protective actions of intra-articular administration of curcumin in a classical rat OA model surgically induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Methods The rats underwent ACLT and received 50μl...
Abstract Purpose To evaluate the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in reducing the necrosis area in an experimental model of cutaneous ischemic flap in rats submitted to subcutaneous nicotine injection to simulate a smoker patient. Methods In an experimental study, 30 rats were enrolled and divided into two experimental groups of 15 animals all submitted to a subcutaneous nicotine injection to create ischemic cutaneous flaps on their backs. Other 10 animals were used only to obtain adipose...
Abstract Purpose To investigate the effects of pine needle extract (PNE) on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 during liver regeneration induced by 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) in rat. Methods Forty-eight male rats (SD, 7 weeks) had surgery (70% PH). They were randomly divided into two groups. PH + PNE group was only provided PNE diluted in water (10%) for drinking and PH group was provided water from 5 days before surgery to the time of sacrifice. PNE was made...
Abstract Purpose Coleus forskohlii Briq., a medicinal plant originally from India, has been indicated against heart disease, expiratory disorders, convulsions, and hepatic changes, among others. In view of the broad pharmacological potential of the plant and the scarce information about its effects, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of its use for pretreatment of partially hepatectomized rats. Methods The animals were divided into two experimental groups: Control...
Abstract Purpose To analyze the resistance to medial traction of abdominal wall muscles, before and after performing relaxing incisions. Methods Seventeen live pigs were used. After a median laparotomy, the handles were made in the rectus abdominis muscles (RAM) to fit the dynamometer. Step 1 (control phase): tensile strength measured without performing relaxant incisions. Step 2: A curvilinear relaxant incision was made on the anterior blade of the right RAM sheath and then the tensile strength...
Abstract Purpose The research is intended for clarification of the efficacy as well as the underlying mechanism of GSK-3β inhibitors on the advancement of acute lung injuries in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in rats. Methods Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: (1)ANP-vehicle; (2)ANP-TDZD-8;(3)ANP-SB216763;(4)Sham-vehicle;(5)Sham-TDZD-8;(6)Sham-SB216763; Blood biochemical test, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis of rats pancreas and lung tissues...
Abstract Purpose To identify whether the colon mucosa is affected by ten days of gastric restriction in an animal model. Methods An experimental model of gastric restriction was devised using rats. The animals were submitted to surgical gastrostomy, and a cylindrical loofah was inserted into the stomach. We studied 30 adult male Wistar rats divided into three groups: the stomach restriction group (R10); the sham group (S10), which underwent the same procedure except for the loofah insertion;...
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Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01819
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01730
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02458
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02346
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01027
Analytical ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02663
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Abstract Aim of this study was to select all the cases of Primary (PBL) and Secondary (SBL) Breast Lymphoma from our breast unit since 01/01/2000, to obtain up-to-date data on the prevalence of this rare pathology and to analyze imaging features, with a special focus on CT. All pathological reports of breast biopsies performed from 01/01/2000 to 01/01/2019 were at first screened. Among them, we performed two different researches, looking for key words suggesting either a diagnosis...
Abstract XPC gene belongs to DNA repair pathway, which is involved in the development of uterine leiomyoma. However, its relationships with leiomyoma risk were never reported. We here hypothesized that XPC gene was associated with the risk of uterine leiomyoma. In this case–control study with a total of 391 leiomyoma cases and 493 tumor-free controls in a reproductive women population in South China, two missense polymorphisms rs2228001 A > C (Lys939Gln) and rs2228000 C > T...
Abstract Immunotherapy base on immune checkpoint inhibitor had obtained significant progress in extending the survival of clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. In order to further improve the efficiency of immunotherapy, novel immune checkpoint inhibitors needed to be developed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between healthy kidney tissues and ccRCC tissues had been found from GSE68417 by GEO2R online analysis tool. Correlation analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses...
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In November 2017, manufacture of quinidine gluconate, the only medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treatment of severe malaria, was discontinued. The authors discuss actions that clinicians, hospitals, federal agencies, and professional societies can take to ensure effective treatment of severe malaria and prevent a catastrophe.
Background:Whether statin type influences hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence or mortality in chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection is unknown.Objective:To assess the relationship between lipophilic or hydrophilic statin use and HCC incidence and mortality in a nationwide population with viral hepatitis.Design:Prospective propensity score (PS)–matched cohort.Setting:Swedish registers, 2005 to 2013.Participants:A PS-matched cohort of 16 668 adults (8334 who initiated statin use [6554 lipophilic...
Urgent, individualized interventions to reduce firearm access, such as extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs, colloquially known as “red flag” orders), provide a rapid, focused response when risk for imminent firearm violence is high. Studies to date suggest such interventions are most commonly used to prevent suicide and are effective. Authorizing legislation has often been enacted after public mass shootings but, to our knowledge, there have been only 2 reported cases of ERPO use in efforts to...
One of the hallmarks of a trustworthy clinical guideline or guidance statement is a comprehensive process for disclosure of interests (DOI) and management of conflicts of interest (COIs). The American College of Physicians (ACP) Clinical Guidelines Committee (CGC) aims to disclose all health care–related interests and manage conflicts in a manner that is transparent, proportional, and consistent. Any person involved in the development of an ACP clinical guideline or guidance statement must disclose...
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Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0981-5973 Purpose To assess the accuracy of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling both in the differential diagnosis of adrenocorticotrophic hormone dependent Cushing’s syndrome and predicting the localization on the pituitary. Methods The authors evaluated all patients that undergone bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling in a tertiary centre, between January 1995 and March 2018. The probable diagnosis of Cushing’s disease was made when the basal...
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0972-1060 Introduction Regarding pediatric diabetes, hospital admission for acute complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has often been investigated, but little is known about other causes of hospitalization. This study aimed to explore the total burden of hospitalization in individuals with diabetes<20 years of age in Germany. Methods Using the German Diagnosis-Related Groups data for 2015, we examined the frequencies of hospitalization with diabetes...
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0899-4980 Background Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion is the most advanced and demanding form of insulin therapy. Various positive and negative expectations, attitudes and experiences can occur, influencing adherence to and efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. A new questionnaire was developed to systematically assess perceived benefits, perceived barriers and handling of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy....
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0981-6023 Background In diabetic retinopathy (DR), neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) and kallikrein-kinin system are considered as contributing factors. However, the detail activation mechanisms has not been fully understood. Since the NET could provide negative-charged surface for factor XII activation and the activated factor XII (XIIa) can initiate kallikrein-kinin system, this study investigated whether patients with DR show activation of NET,...
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0983-1673 Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of growth-differentiation factor-15 level and tissue Doppler imaging in the detection of cardiomyopathy in children who have type 1 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods Thirty-eight patients (11 males and 27 females) with type 1 diabetes mellitus were included in this study. The control group consisted of 40 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. All children underwent...
Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0977-2667 Objective The quality report of the disease management programmes of North Rhine Westphalia 2016 showed prevalences for long-term complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy) of less than 30% for people with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). The aim of this study was to assess risk expectations and fear regarding long-term complications of diabetes in people with DM1 and DM2. Methods We assessed risk expectations and fear regarding...
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Abstract Objectives Recent research has classified lung adenocarcinoma patients with KRAS mutation into three subtypes by co-occurring genetic events in TP53 (KP subgroup), STK11/LKB1 (KL subgroup) and CDKN2A/B inactivation plus TTF-1 low expression (KC subgroup). The aim of this study was to identify valuable biomarkers by searching the candidate molecules that contribute to lung adenocarcinoma pathogenesis, especially KC subtype. ...
Abstract Purpose N2 lymph-node metastases occur in approximately 6–17% of the patients with T1-2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the clinical characteristics of N2 patients are not fully understood. Methods This retrospective, multi-center analysis included T1 NSCLC patients receiving surgical resection during a period from Jan 2nd, 2014 to Dec...
Abstract Purpose This study aims to examine the health-related quality of life in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods 181 patients attending a tertiary center outpatient clinic were interviewed and completed the short form 36 (SF36) questionnaire. The SF36 was used to assess health-related QoL. Cross-sectional analyses by group (age, gender, clinical...
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Background:Prior studies evaluating risk for severe urinary tract infections (UTIs) with sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have reported conflicting findings.Objective:To assess whether patients initiating use of SGLT-2 inhibitors were at increased risk for severe UTI events compared with those initiating use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1) agonists.Design:Population-based cohort study.Setting:2 large, U.S.-based databases...
Background:Research demonstrates worse short-term morbidity and mortality associated with childbirth than with abortion, but little research has examined long-term physical health in women with unwanted pregnancies after abortion versus childbirth.Objective:To examine the physical health of women who seek and receive or are denied abortion.Design:Prospective cohort study.Setting:30 U.S. abortion facilities from 2008 to 2010.Participants:Of 1132 women seeking abortion who consented to participate,...
The editorialists discuss Takeuchi and colleagues' findings and outline remaining questions that must be answered to determine how best to balance the risks for bleeding with those for thromboembolism in patients receiving anticoagulants who are undergoing colonoscopy with possible polypectomy.
The editorialists discuss Tatsioni and colleagues' findings and believe that failure to report clinical trial results should be considered academic misconduct at the individual and institutional levels.
Background:Incorporating focused cardiac ultrasonography (FoCUS) into clinical examination could improve the diagnostic yield of bedside patient evaluation.Purpose:To compare the accuracy of FoCUS-assisted clinical assessment versus clinical assessment alone for diagnosing left ventricular dysfunction or valvular disease in adults having cardiovascular evaluation.Data Sources:English-language searches of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science from 1 January 1990 to 23 May 2019 and review of reference...
Background:Use of antibiotics without a prescription may increase unnecessary and inappropriate drug use or doses as well as global risk for antimicrobial resistance.Purpose:To perform a scoping review of research on the prevalence of nonprescription antibiotic use in the United States and to examine the factors that influence it.Data Sources:Searches of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and relevant Web sites without language restrictions from January 2000 to March 2019.Study Selection:Studies reporting...
Months later, I hung up my white coat and walked out hugging a plastic crate containing everything I cared to keep from my professional life.
The authors of this article ask if we can imagine a future in which the electronic medical record allows clinicians to spend more time with their patients while providing more effective care. How is that possible? We all know that the electronic medical record is the root cause of what's wrong with medicine today. Or, do we?
Review: After stroke or TIA, adding clopidogrel to aspirin for ≤ 1 month reduces recurrence and MACE
Marbach and colleagues reported a systematic review and meta-analysis of the comparative accuracy of focused cardiac ultrasonography examination using a hand-held device versus a clinical examination to assess left ventricular dysfunction and valvular heart disease. The editorialists discuss the promise and pitfalls of hand-held ultrasonography.
Dave and colleagues examined the association between sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and risk for severe urinary tract infections in a real-world setting. The editorialists discuss the strengths and limitations of the findings and conclude that these data offer reassurance about the safety of SGLT-2 inhibitors with respect to severe urinary tract infections.
States regulate health insurance, medical benefits, and the clinicians who provide care, and some states are exploring ways to use that power to fill coverage gaps that remain after passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The question is what states can accomplish, given that federal laws constrain what they can do with Medicare, Medicaid, and most employer-based insurance plans.
Neither breast cancer prevention and early-detection programs, nor their outcomes, are uniform across Europe. This article describes the rationale, methods, and process for development of the European Commission (EC) Initiative on Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Guidelines. To be consistent with standards set by the Institute of Medicine and others, the EC followed 6 general principles. First, the EC selected, via an open call, a panel with broad representation of areas of expertise. Second,...
Background:Management of anticoagulants for patients undergoing polypectomy is still controversial. Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is reported to cause less bleeding than hot snare polypectomy (HSP).Objective:To compare outcomes between continuous administration of anticoagulants (CA) with CSP (CA+CSP) and periprocedural heparin bridging (HB) with HSP (HB+HSP) for subcentimeter colorectal polyps.Design:Multicenter, parallel, noninferiority randomized controlled trial. (University Hospital Medical Information...
The editorialists discuss Ralph and colleagues' findings and suggest that the health of women may depend not only on not having a reason to seek abortion but also on being able to receive abortion should the need arise.
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