New Findings What is the central question of this study? Dexmedetomidine holds the capacity for sedation, anti‐anxiety, and analgesia with minimal suppression of respiratory function, while its role on neuropathic pain with the involvement of miRNAs remains unclear. What is the main finding and its importance? Dex attenuates inflammation and apoptosis and the stimulation of the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling in rat spinal cord via miR‐101 overexpression and E2F2 downregulation. Abstract...
Fri Jul 24, 2020 15:58
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Acute hypoxic compensatory reaction is accompanied by hemodynamic changes, and β‐adrenoceptor is involved in the regulation of hemodynamics. However, the role of β‐adrenoceptor on hemodynamics in hypoxic exposure is still not clear and remains to be investigated. What is the main finding and its importance? The activation of β2‐adrenoceptor attenuates the increase in pulmonary artery pressure under hypoxic exposure. This...
Fri Jul 24, 2020 15:53
Publication date: Available online 25 July 2020Source: International Journal of PsychophysiologyAuthor(s): Marielle Greber, Carina Klein, Simon Leipold, Silvano Sele, Lutz Jäncke
Sun Jul 26, 2020 16:16
Publication date: Available online 25 July 2020Source: International Journal of PsychophysiologyAuthor(s): Björn Wieland, Michael Behringer, Karen Zentgraf
Sat Jul 25, 2020 14:34
Abstract Many visual search paradigms use color to distinguish task‐relevant items from those considered fillers (e.g., blue task‐relevant items and grey fillers). Hilimire and colleagues suggested that the N2pc, a lateralized electrophysiological component typically observed in visual attention, is a neural correlate for localized attentional interference, which postulates that target selection is degraded by nearby competing stimuli. In their study, N2pc amplitude decreased with decreasing distance...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 17:09
Sat Jul 25, 2020 17:04
Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is the third major coronavirus outbreak of this century. Its etiologic agent, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), requires angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for cellular entry. The commonly used angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are speculated to potentiate SARS‐CoV‐2 infectivity and worsen COVID‐19 disease progression by altering ACE2 expression. Current evidence...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 15:07
Key points The pparab subtype in zebrafish is much more highly expressed in tissues with high oxidative activity than pparaa . The pparab deficiency in zebrafish reduces FAO both in liver and muscle, illustrating its functional homology as mammalian PPARα. The pparab deficiency promotes metabolic reprogramming by increasing glucose utilization and inhibiting amino acid breakdown. Our study brings new insights into the comprehensive regulatory roles of PPARα in the cellular fuel selection...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 15:06
Key points Age‐related hearing loss (ARHL) is associated with the loss of IHC ribbon synapses, lower hearing sensitivity and decreased ability to understand speech, especially in a noisy environment. Little is known about age‐related physiological and morpholdogical changes that occur at ribbon synapses. We show that the differing degrees of ARHL in four selected mouse stains is correlated with the loss of ribbon synapses, being most severe for the strains C57BL/6NTac and C57BL/6J, less so for...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 15:04
Abstract The evolutionary acquisition of mitochondria has given rise to the diversity of eukaryotic life. Mitochondria have retained their ancestral α‐proteobacterial traits through the maintenance of double membranes and their own circular genome that varies in size, ranging from very large in plants to the smallest in animals and their parasites. The mitochondrial genome encodes essential genes for protein synthesis and has to coordinate its expression with the nuclear genome from which it sources...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 15:04
Key points Neuronal activity causes astrocytic volume change via K+ uptake through TREK‐1 containing two‐pore domain potassium channels The volume transient is terminated by Cl− efflux through Ca2+‐activated anion channel, BEST1 The source of Ca2+ to open BEST1 appears to be the stretch‐activated TRPA1 channel Intense neuronal activity is synaptically coupled with a physical change in astrocytes via volume transients Abstract The brain volume changes dynamically and transiently upon...
Fri Jul 24, 2020 15:55
Key points In mammals, pregnancy complications can trigger an embryonic or fetal origin of cardiac dysfunction. However, underlying mechanisms remain uncertain because the partial contributions of the challenge on the mother, placenta or offspring are difficult to disentangle. The avian embryo permits isolation of the direct effects of suboptimal conditions during development on the cardiac function of the offspring, independent of additional effects on the mother and/or the placenta. Therefore,...
Thu Jul 23, 2020 21:25
Thu Jul 23, 2020 21:24
Key points The majority of intrapartum decelerations are widely believed to be mediated by the baroreflex secondary to brief umbilical cord occlusions (UCOs) but this remains unproven. We examined the responses to brief‐UCOs in fetal sheep and compared these to a phenylephrine‐stimulated baroreflex in a separate cohort. A further cohort was instrumented with near‐infrared spectroscopy to measure cerebral oxygenation during UCO. The first 3–4 s of the brief‐UCOs were consistent with a baroreflex,...
Thu Jul 23, 2020 21:23
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