Abstract Background Allergic disease is a recognised global epidemic and a significant cause of ill health and poor quality of life. The prevalence of pollen allergy is high throughout the world, and pollen exposure itself plays a role in emergency department presentations and hospitalisations for asthma. Lung function and airway inflammation are important measures of asthma activity and control. Objective To examine associations between exposure to multiple pollen types and lung function...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 11:33
Objective Prognostic factors and optimal treatment approaches for Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) remain uncertain. This study evaluated the influences of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on treatment planning and prognosis. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Stage 1 to 3 MCC patients treated 2005 to 2018. Predictors of nodal radiation were tested using logistic regression. Predictors of recurrence‐free, disease‐specific, and overall survival...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 20:43
Cochlear Implantation Under Local Anesthesia With Conscious Sedation in the Elderly: First 100 Cases
Objective To report the outcomes on a large series of elderly patients who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) surgery under local anesthesia with conscious sedation (LA‐CS). Methods Retrospective chart review on 100 consecutive elderly patients (> 65 years) who underwent CI with LA‐CS at a tertiary care center between August 2013 and January 2020. An age‐matched control group of 50 patients who underwent CI with general anesthesia (GA) are used for comparison. Outcomes measured included...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 20:22
Objective Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers three‐dimensional structures in assessing upper airway of patients. This study aims to compare the cone‐beam computerized tomography scan measurements between children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and primary snoring. Study Design Case–control study. Methods This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center. Thirty‐six children with moderate‐to‐severe OSA (with apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI] > 5 events/hour)...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 18:10
Objectives To investigate whether a radiomic MRI feature‐based prediction model can differentiate oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) according to the human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Pretreatment MRI data from 62 consecutive patients with oropharyngeal SCC were retrospectively reviewed, and chronologically allocated to training (n = 43) and test sets (n = 19). Enhancing tumors were semi‐automatically segmented on each slice...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 17:54
Objectives/Hypothesis Use validated eye‐tracking technology to objectively measure 1) the attentional distraction of facial contour defects after superficial and total parotidectomy and 2) changes in attentional distraction with abdominal dermal fat graft reconstruction. Methods Standardized frontal and oblique facial images of 16 patients who had undergone superficial or total parotidectomy with or without fat graft reconstruction; four normal controls were obtained. One hundred casual observers...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 17:43
Objectives A holistic understanding of the many ways that systemic dehydration affects vocal fold biology is still evolving. There are also myriad physiologically relevant methodologies to induce systemic dehydration. To untangle the effects of systemic dehydration on vocal fold biology, we need to utilize realistic, clinically translatable paradigms of systemic dehydration in lab animals. Restricted access to water accommodates clinical translation. We investigated whether systemic dehydration...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 17:39
Activities of daily living frequently require children to make rapid decisions and execute desired motor actions while inhibiting unwanted actions. Children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy due to perinatal str...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 03:00
Performing activities of daily living depends, among other factors, on awareness of the position and movements of limbs. Neural injuries, such as stroke, might negatively affect such an awareness and, conseque...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 03:00
Parkinsonism is common in people with dementia, and is associated with neurodegenerative and vascular changes in the brain, or with exposure to antipsychotic or other dopamine antagonist medications. The detec...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 03:00
Peripheral nerve stimulation with implanted nerve cuff electrodes can restore standing, stepping and other functions to individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). We performed the first study to evaluate the c...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 03:00
Understanding how prostheses are used in everyday life is central to the design, provision and evaluation of prosthetic devices and associated services. This paper reviews the scientific literature on methodol...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 03:00
Current clinical assessments measure selective voluntary motor control (SVMC) on an ordinal scale. We introduce a playful, interval-scaled method to assess SVMC in children with brain lesions and evaluate its ...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a customized interactive video game-based (IVGB) training on balance in older adults with mild-to-moderate Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
LSVT-BIG® is an intensively delivered, amplitude-oriented exercise therapy reported to improve mobility in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, questions remain surrounding the efficacy of LSVT-...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Dexterity and activities of daily living limitations on the upper limb (UL) represent one of the most common problems in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effecti...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 03:00
Abstract Current understanding of sex chromosome evolution is largely dependent on species with highly degenerated, heteromorphic sex chromosomes, but by studying species with recently evolved or morphologically indistinct sex chromosomes we can greatly increase our understanding of sex chromosome origins, degeneration, and turnover. Here, we examine sex chromosome evolution and stability in the gecko genus Aristelliger. We used RADseq to identify sex‐specific markers and show that four Aristelliger...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 11:46
Abstract Variable environments may result in the evolution of adaptive phenotypic plasticity when cues reliably indicate an appropriate phenotype‐environment match. Although adaptive plasticity is well established for phenological traits expressed across environments, local differentiation in norms of reaction is less well studied. The switch from the production of regular fronds to overwintering “turions” in the greater duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza is vital to fitness and is expressed as a norm...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 22:48
Abstract GABAergic interneurons are highly diverse and their synaptic outputs express various forms of plasticity. Compelling evidence indicates that activity‐dependent changes of inhibitory synaptic transmission play a significant role in regulating neural circuits critically involved in learning and memory and circuit refinement. Here, we provide an updated overview of inhibitory synaptic plasticity with a focus on the hippocampus and neocortex. To illustrate the diversity of inhibitory interneurons,...
Tue Jul 14, 2020 11:45
Abstract Rats have elaborate cognitive capacities for playing Hide & Seek. Playing Hide & Seek strongly engages medial prefrontal cortex and the activity of prefrontal cortex neurons reflects the structure of the game. We wondered if prefrontal neurons would also show a mirroring of play‐related neural activity. Specifically, we asked how does the activity in the rat medial prefrontal cortex differ when the animal plays itself vs when it observes others playing. Consistent with our previous...
Mon Jul 13, 2020 12:30
The effects of presbyphonia are compounded by the decline in respiratory function that occurs with age. Commonly recommended exercises to optimize the use of respiratory muscles during speech, such as diaphragmatic breathing, are unlikely to be intensive enough to induce respiratory changes and impact vocal function. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of adding a targeted intervention, respiratory muscle strength training, to voice exercises in a sample of patients with presbyphonia.
Tue Jul 14, 2020 03:00
Background In most children with a unilateral cleft lip (UCL), because lateral lip tissue on the cleft side is congenitally short, the lateral lip element should be appropriately excised during primary cheiloplasty so that symmetric nasolabial features are obtained after surgery. The purpose of this study was to measure how much of the lateral lip element is removed during primary cheiloplasty and compare the amount of sacrifice between different incision designs. Methods Preoperative 3-dimensional...
00:28
Background Increasing in popularity, social media provides powerful marketing and networking tools for private practice plastic surgeons. The authors sought to examine social media utilization by academic plastic surgery training programs. Methods Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter were queried for plastic surgery training program, program director, and chief/chair accounts. Training program posts were categorized as educational, operative, social, informational, self-promotional, visiting...
00:28
Background Suprazygomatic aponeurotic McLaughlin (SAM) myoplasty technique for facial reanimation is based on the classical McLauglin's lengthening temporalis myoplasty with a series of new modifications. A comprehensive review of previously described other orthodromic temporalis myoplasty techniques is also included to give a succinct comparison. Methods Twelve adult patients of facial palsy underwent SAM myoplasty for a period of 4 years. Three had congenital facial palsy, 4 patients had...
00:28
Over the past 6 decades through innovation, creativity, ingenuity, and hard work, liposuction is now one of the most popular cosmetic procedures around the world. Several different liposuction technologies now exist, which include suction-assisted lipectomy, power-assisted liposuction, and so on. We have devised a new technique geared toward the incoming Generation Y surgeon called millennial-assisted liposuction. With such great advances in current liposuction techniques, one might ponder the need...
00:28
Congenital melanocytic nevi, reported in 1% to 6% of newborns. There are many complications the most dangerous is the malignant transformation, but the most depressive is the cosmetic one specially for facial lesions. There is a wide range of treatment modalities none of them provide an acceptable solution for facial lesions. In this study we provide a simple, cheap and effective treatment modality for nasal and perinasal congenital melanocytic nevi. In our study, significant improvement was observed...
00:28
Background The aim of this study was to compare the wound complication rate and oncologic outcome in patients undergoing immediate versus staged soft tissue reconstruction after soft tissue sarcoma (STS) resection. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of a single sarcoma referral center between 2006 and 2016 which identified a cohort that underwent resection of an extremity or trunk STS with reconstruction surgery (split thickness skin graft or flap coverage). Patients were divided into...
00:28
The opioid epidemic in the United States resulted in 42,000 deaths in 2016, 40% of which involved a prescription opioid. It is estimated that 2 million patients become opioid-dependent after elective, ambulatory surgery each year. There has been increased interest in quantifying the need for postoperative narcotic pain medications for a variety of surgical procedures. However, studies have been limited. We sought to quantify the analgesic usage after one of the most common operations performed in...
00:28
Background Postsurgical complications have been an increasing concern for hospitals, particularly in light of payment reform. The costs to the health care system are increasing in light of Medicare penalties for readmissions for certain conditions. Surgical site infection following implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR) remains challenging. The rates of positive cultures and isolated microorganisms in IBR are unknown. This systematic review summarizes the reported microorganisms and positive...
00:28
Introduction Severe thermal trauma to the hand can result in major impairment and reduced function due to defective healing or even extremity loss. Full-thickness injuries frequently incur exposure of tendons or bone and require an early and stable coverage with soft tissue transplants to allow for rapid induction of exercise and to preserve structures and hand function. Free tissue transfer to the hand after thermal trauma is a rare indication, and safety, management, and outcome of free flap...
00:28
No abstract available
00:28
Introduction There is an ongoing shortage of burn specialists, and workforce reports suggest possible hurdles attracting plastic surgeons into burn care. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine the state of burn care in plastic surgery residency and (2) identify what barriers might exist for plastic surgeons pursuing a practice that involves burn care. Methods Surveys were distributed to North American plastic surgery program directors and residents, respectively, during the 2018–2019...
00:28
Synthetic mesh and acellular dermal matrix reinforcement during complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR) have significantly improved outcomes. In an attempt to further improve outcomes, we combined both into a single biosynthetic by suturing a synthetic mesh on top of porcine acellular dermal matrix. Our aim was to review our experience with this new technique. Patients undergoing CAWR with the biosynthetic mesh were reviewed from a prospective database from 2015 to 2018. A total of 39 patients...
00:28
Purpose The main cause of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is pathological changes in the flexor synovium, which is a known cause of pressure elevation in the carpal tunnel. The importance of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL) in the pathogenesis of CTS has hitherto been overlooked. However, the TCL significantly affects carpal biomechanics; the TCL is known to affect the carpal bone to a greater extent when intra carpal tunnel pressure is high. In addition, the effect of TCL properties on the progression...
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