Nature-based solutions are becoming an increasingly important component of sustainable coastal risk management. For particularly destructive hazards like tsunamis, natural elements like vegetation are often combined with designed elements like seawalls or dams to augment the protective benefits of each component. One example of this kind of hybrid approach is...
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The genetic origins of novelty are a central interest of evolutionary biology. Most new proteins evolve from preexisting proteins but the evolutionary path from ancestral gene to novel protein is challenging to trace, and therefore the requirements for and order of coding sequence changes, expression changes, or gene duplication are...
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Self-injurious behaviours (SIBs) are defined as deliberate, repetitive and persistent behaviours that are directed towards the body and lead to physical injury and are not associated with sexual arousal and without suicidal intent. In movement disorders, SIBs are typically associated with tic disorders, most commonly Tourette syndrome, and neurodegenerative conditions, such as classic Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. However, beyond these well-known aetiologies, a range of other movement disorder syndromes...
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Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition with attacks of headache and motor weakness which may be associated with impaired consciousness, cerebellar ataxia and intellectual disability. Motor symptoms usually last <72 hours and are associated with visual or sensory manifestations, speech impairment or brainstem aura. HM can occur as a sporadic HM or familiar HM with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Mutations in CACNA1A, ATP1A2 and SCN1A encoding...
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ObjectiveMyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disorders (MOGADs) are a rare new neurological autoimmune disease with unclear pathogenesis. Since a linkage of the disease to the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) has not been shown, we here investigated whether MOGAD is associated with the HLA locus.MethodsHLA genotypes of 95 patients with MOGADs, assessed between 2016 and 2018 from three academic centres, were compared with 481 healthy Chinese Han individuals. Patients with MOGADs included 51...
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bmj;369/may19_6/m2015/FAF1faThe Cardiff artist Nathan Wyburn created this collage during the covid-19 lockdown from hundreds of images sent to him by health workers.Wyburn put out a request on social...
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Abstract The shear stress generated by the wind on the land surface is the driving force that results in the wind erosion of the soil. It is an independent factor influencing soil wind erosion. The factors related to wind erosivity, known as submodels, mainly include the weather factor (WF) in revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ), the erosion submodel (ES) in wind erosion prediction system (WEPS), as well as the drift potential (DP) in wind energy environmental assessment. However,...
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Abstract Glaciers are a critical freshwater resource of river recharge in arid areas around the world. In recent decades, glaciers have shown evidence of retreat due to climate change, and the accelerated ablation of glaciers and associated impacts on water resources have received widespread attention. Glacier variations result from climate change, so they can serve as an indicator of climate change. Considering the climatic differences in different elevation ranges, it is worthwhile...
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Abstract We investigated lake sediments from Großer Ursee, Landkreis Ravensburg, Allgäu, Baden-Württemberg, to explore whether human activity was delayed and less intense at higher sites compared to those in the adjacent lower area around Bodensee (Lake Constance). A 11.1 m high resolution pollen profile from the centre of the lake was analysed, which covers the late Würm and complete Holocene sequence, providing a continuous pollen record of 1,092 samples. Human and climate induced...
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Motor kinesins are a family of evolutionary conserved proteins involved in intracellular trafficking of various cargoes, first described in the context of axonal transport. They were discovered to have a key importance in cell-cycle dynamics and progression, including chromosomal condensation and alignment, spindle formation and cytokinesis, as well as ciliogenesis and cilia function. Recent evidence suggests that impairment of kinesins is associated with a variety of human diseases consistent with...
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BackgroundBeckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) is characterised by overgrowth and tumour predisposition. While multiple epigenetic and genetic mechanisms cause BWS, the majority are caused by methylation defects in imprinting control regions on chromosome 11p15.5. Disease-causing methylation defects are often mosaic within affected individuals. Phenotypic variability among individuals with chromosome 11p15.5 defects and tissue mosaicism led to the definition of the Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp)....
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BackgroundUbiquitination has a central role in numerous biological processes, including cell development, stress responses and ageing. Perturbed ubiquitination has been implicated in human diseases ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases. SIAH1 encodes a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in protein ubiquitination. Among numerous other roles, SIAH1 regulates metabotropic glutamate receptor signalling and affects neural cell fate. Moreover, SIAH1 positively regulates Wnt signalling through...
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Background: Medical decision-making is complex and involves a variety of decision criteria, many of which are universally recognised. However, decision-making analyses have demonstrated that certain decision criteria are not used uniformly among clinicians. Aim: We describe decision criteria, which for various contexts are only used by a minority of decision makers. For these, we introduce and define the term “insular criteria”. Methods: 19 studies analysing clinical decision-making based on decision...
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The coronavirus lockdown will see global carbon emissions fall by a fifth compared with last year, but this dramatic drop won't slow climate change
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IntroductionWhenever developing training competencies, tools to support clinical practice or a response to a professional issue, seeking the opinion of experts is a common approach. By working to identify a consensus position, researchers can report findings on a specific question (or set of questions) that are based on the knowledge and experience of experts in their field.However, there are challenges to this approach. For example, what should be done when consensus cannot be reached? How can experts...
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses complex issues in pregnancy, but with high-quality care excellent pregnancy outcomes are achievable. In this article, we review the current evidence and recommendations for pregnant women with IBD and aim to provide guidance for clinicians involved in their care. Many women with IBD have poor knowledge about pregnancy-related issues and a substantial minority remains voluntarily childless. Active IBD is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, low...
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Markus I. Diehl, Steven P. Wolf, Vytas P. Bindokas, Hans Schreiber
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Publication date: Available online 18 May 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Momoka Ohta, Toshie Kihara, Kohki Toriuchi, Hiromasa Aoki, Soichiro Iwaki, Hiroki Kakita, Yasumasa Yamada, Mineyoshi Aoyama
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Publication date: Available online 18 May 2020Source: Experimental Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Haifeng Zhang, Yajun Lian, Nanchang Xie, Xuan Cheng, Chen Chen, Hongliang Xu, Yake Zheng
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The coroner investigating the botched birth of a baby boy who died from hypoxia has strongly criticised the Healthcare Service Investigation Branch (HSIB) over its report on his death.Karen...
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Case presentationA 22-year-old woman was admitted to the medicine service with generalised abdominal pain and nausea. Medical history included a recent motor vehicle accident resulting in multiple orthopaedic injuries and development of a chronic pain syndrome. The patient denied other pertinent medical, social or family history. Medications included escitalopram, cyclobenzaprine, and oxycodone 10 mg every 6 hours as needed for pain.The patient’s initial vitals were temperature 37.3°C, heart rate...
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Zhen Wang, Yun Pan, Libang He, Xiaoyue Song, Hong Chen, Chuanying Pan, Lei Qu, Haijing Zhu, Xianyong Lan
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Honghui Li, Yaxiong Pan, Lingsheng Bao, Yulong Li, Congyi Cheng, Li Liu, Jing Xiang, Jia Cheng, Jianshe Zhang, Wuying Chu, Yudong Shen
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Fabio Coppedè, Andrea Stoccoro, Vanessa Nicolì, Roberta Gallo, Anna De Rosa, Melania Guida, Michelangelo Maestri, Marco Lucchi, Roberta Ricciardi, Lucia Migliore
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Firouzeh Gholampour, Zahra Mohammadi, Zeinab karimi, Seyed Mohammad Owji
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Publication date: Available online 18 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Huanhuan Su, Dongmei Ma, Huiwen Shang, Jiajia Fan, Huaping Zhu
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Publication date: Available online 18 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Lin Huang, Jinling Liao, Juan He, Siqiong Pan, Haiying Zhang, Xiaobo Yang, Jiwen Cheng, Yang Chen, Zengnan Mo
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Publication date: Available online 18 May 2020Source: GeneAuthor(s): Chen Feng, Dehui Ding, Chao Feng, Ming Kang
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Mahendran Chinnappan, Akhil Srivastava, Narsireddy Amreddy, Mohammad Razaq, Vipul Pareek, Rebaz Ahmed, Meghna Mehta, Jo Elle Peterson, Anupama Munshi, Rajagopal Ramesh
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Publication date: Available online 19 May 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Qiuxia Xiong, Baiyang Liu, Mingxia Ding, Jumin Zhou, Cuiping Yang, Yongbin Chen
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Publication date: Available online 18 May 2020Source: Cancer LettersAuthor(s): Chen Chen, Wei-Ran Liu, Bin Zhang, Lian-Min Zhang, Chen-Guang Li, Chang Liu, Hua Zhang, Yan-Song Huo, Yu-Chen Ma, Peng-Fei Tian, Qi Qi, Jing-Jing Li, Zhe Tang, Zhen-Fa Zhang, Giuseppe Giaccone, Dong-Sheng Yue, Chang-Li Wang
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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Das primäre Ziel der chirurgischen Resektion von Karzinomen im Bereich des Oropharynx (OPSCC) ist die sichere R0-Resektion. Die Ausdehnung des Primärtumors ist hierbei ausschlaggebend für den zu wählenden Zugangsweg, der so klein wie möglich, jedoch so radikal wie nötig ausfallen sollte. Bisher existieren keine prospektiven vergleichenden Studien, die das funktionelle Ergebnis in Abhängigkeit vom chirurgischen...
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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Neue Therapieformen ermöglichen auch bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen und metastasierten Kopf-Hals-Tumoren gute Behandlungsansätze. Gespräche über das Lebensende, vorausschauende Versorgungsplanung und auch palliativmedizinische Konzepte geraten dadurch oft in den Hintergrund. Ziel der Arbeit Analyse von Symptomen, Belastungen...
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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Voraussetzung zur Vermeidung potenziell schwerwiegender Komplikationen in der Nasennebenhöhlenchirurgie ist eine fundierte Kenntnis der individuellen Anatomie. Für die Nasennebenhöhlen stellt die Computertomographie (CT) die Bildgebung der Wahl dar, um die individuelle Anatomie und das Ausmaß der Erkrankung präoperativ darzustellen. Ziel...
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JCDD, Vol. 7, Pages 18: Biomechanical Cues Direct Valvulogenesis Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease doi: 10.3390/jcdd7020018 Authors: Ahuja Ostwald Bark Garrity The vertebrate embryonic heart initially forms with two chambers, a ventricle and an atrium, separated by the atrioventricular junction. Localized genetic and biomechanical information guides the development of valves, which function to ensure unidirectional blood flow. If the valve development process...
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Some have trumpeted the 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial drugs, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquinine, for the treatment of covid-19, based on the (literally) incredible results of efficacy in reported...
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