Key points •Longissimus activity in the lumbar region was measured using indwelling electromyography to characterize the territory of its motor units. •The distribution of motor units in the longissimus pars lumborum muscle was mainly grouped into two distinct regions. •Regional activation of the longissimus pars lumborum was also observed during functional tasks involving trunk movements. •The regional activation of the longissimus pars lumborum muscle may play a role in segmental stabilization...
Key points The immediate increase in skeletal muscle blood flow following contraction is greater when the contracting muscle is below vs. above heart level. This has been attributed to muscle pump‐mediated venous emptying and subsequent widening of the arterial to venous pressure gradient which can occur below but not above heart level. However, alternate explanations could include greater rapid onset vasodilatation and/or transmural pressure‐mediated mechanical distension of resistance vessels,...
Key points Nod‐like receptors regulate cognition, anxiety, and HPA‐axis activation Nod‐like receptors regulate central and peripheral serotonergic biology Nod‐like receptors are important for maintenance of GI physiology Intestinal epithelial cell expression of Nod1 receptors regulate behaviour Abstract Gut‐brain axis signalling is critical for maintaining health and homeostasis. Stressful life events can impact gut‐brain signalling, leading to altered mood, cognition and intestinal...
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Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: American Journal of Infection ControlAuthor(s): Sidney Bondurant, Tanya McKinney, Liza Bondurant, Lisa FitzpatrickBackgroundThis study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new commercially available hand sanitizer using 0.12% benzalkonium chloride (BZK) as the active ingredient in reducing transient skin contamination with Staphylococcus aureus in health care workers (HCWs), as compared with the effectiveness of a 70% ethanol-based...
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Abstract Introduction This study aims to explore the similarities in functional connectivity (FC) patterns in individuals when listening to different music genres and, in comparison, to the spoken word, using a novel data-driven approach. Our model and findings can potentially be utilized for evaluating the neurological effects of therapeutic music interventions. Materials...
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Publication date: Available online 26 October 2019Source: Materials & DesignAuthor(s): Yunan Lin, Rongrong Chen, Yanjun Zhang, Zhu Lin, Qi Liu, Jingyuan Liu, Yanli Wang, Liangtian Gao, Jun WangAbstractPorous organosilica intercalated graphene oxide (p-GA) was synthesized via the two-step polymerization method using 1-(2-aminoethyl)-3- aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as monomer. The average pore diameter of p-GA was calculated to be 4.42 nm with the Barret–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) algorithm. Amino and...
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Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Acta BiomaterialiaAuthor(s): Chao Wan, Stanislav N. GorbAbstractIn many cases, strong friction reduction is critical for success of both living organisms and engineering systems. Some arthropods exhibit good antifriction abilities in their specific living environments and have inspired many innovations for solving industry challenges. However, the current literature mainly focused on terrestrial insects, such as beetles, grasshoppers and katydids....
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Acta BiomaterialiaAuthor(s): Chi Ming Laurence Lau, Ghodsiehsadat Jahanmir, Ying ChauAbstractWe have demonstrated the use of a simple 1H NMR spectrometry-based method to directly measure the pseudo first-order hydrolytic cleavage rate constant (kobs) of methacrylate-derived ester crosslinkers in hydrogels composed of PEG, dextran, carboxymethyl dextran (CM-dextran) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Using this technique, we systematically examined...
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Metabolomic Profiling to Identify Molecular Biomarkers of Cellular Response to Methotrexate In Vitro
Variation in methotrexate (MTX) efficacy represents a significant barrier to early and effective disease control in the treatment of autoimmune arthritis. We hypothesize that the utilization of metabolomic techniques will allow for an improved understanding of the biochemical basis for the pharmacological activity of MTX, and can promote the identification and evaluation of novel molecular biomarkers of MTX response. In this work, erythroblastoid cells were exposed to MTX at the physiologic concentration...
Abstract Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a key regulator of B‐cell receptor and Fc receptor signaling, and a rational therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. This first‐in‐human phase I, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), target occupancy, and effects on QT interval of evobrutinib, a highly selective, oral inhibitor of BTK, in healthy subjects. This dose escalation trial consisted of two parts. Part 1 included 48 subjects in...
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Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Sleep MedicineAuthor(s): Elizabeth Hill, Donna Fairley, Ewan McConnell, Ian Morrison, Marta Celmina, Serafeim – Chrysovalantis Kotoulas, Renata L. RihaAbstractObjective/BackgroundThe utility of the pictorial Epworth sleepiness scale (pESS) has been assessed by only a few studies in a clinical population. Some of its questions may be inappropriate in certain patient groups. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the pESS in the...
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Abstract We report on measurements and analysis of telegraph noise of acoustoelectric current induced the surface acoustic waves-based single-electron-transport devices at 1.7 K. Trapping and detrapping electrons in the defect are considered as the physical origin of random telegraph noise. A theoretical model is designed by regarding the impurity potential as the coulomb potential of point charge. And the transitions of different metastable states in the course of measuring current...
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Abstract Adaptation of automatic postural responses (APR) to balance perturbations might be thought to be impaired by muscle fatigue, given the associated proprioceptive and effector deficits. In this investigation, we aimed to evaluate the effect of muscular fatigue on APR adaptation over repetitive balance perturbations through support base backward translations. APR adaptation was evaluated in three epochs: (a) pre‐fatigue; (b) post‐fatigue, immediately following fatigue of the plantiflexor muscles...
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Abstract Purpose Lifestyle factors may have a synergistic effect on health. We evaluated the correlates of poor adherence to a healthy lifestyle among a diverse sample of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors to inform future lifestyle promotion programs. Methods Lifestyle questions from a cross-sectional survey were completed by 283 CRC survivors (41% Hispanic,...
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Publication date: December 2019Source: Research in Developmental Disabilities, Volume 95Author(s): Louise Irwin, Ceit Jesmont, Anna BasuAbstractBackgroundCaregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) face unique demands and challenges, with potential negative impact on psychological wellbeing and consequences for both caregiver and child. Timely support could improve parental wellbeing.AimTo evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving the psychological wellbeing of caregivers...
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Publication date: January 2020Source: World Neurosurgery, Volume 133Author(s): Amina Guenna Holmgren, Niklas Juth, Anna Lindblad, Ann-Christin von VogelsangObjectiveTo investigate the extent to which restraint is used in neurosurgical care, under what circumstances, and how it is documented.MethodsA cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods approach was used to identify neurosurgical inpatients subjected to restraint. The data were collected in 2 phases: (1) a study-specific questionnaire was distributed...
Publication date: December 2019Source: World Neurosurgery, Volume 132Author(s): Tsinsue Chen, George M. Mastorakos, Kyle I. Swanson, Jennifer M. Eschbacher, Kris A. SmithBackgroundChoroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are benign World Health Organization grade I tumors that comprise 2%–4% of all brain tumors among children and less than 1% of brain tumors in adults. Most adult cases occur in the fourth ventricle, with only 1 previous report describing an adult patient with a temporal horn CPP.Case DescriptionWe...
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Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1663: The Actin Binding Protein Plastin-3 Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111663 Authors: Arne Velthaus Kerstin Cornils Jan K. Hennigs Saskia Grüb Hauke Stamm Daniel Wicklein Carsten Bokemeyer Michael Heuser Sabine Windhorst Walter Fiedler Jasmin Wellbrock Leukemia-initiating cells reside within the bone marrow in specialized niches where they undergo complex interactions with...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1662: Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111662 Authors: Adriana C. Gamboa Joshua H. Winer The management of peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer origin has evolved considerably over the last three decades with the establishment of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as efficacious therapies in carefully selected patients. Other...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1664: IL-33 Promotes CD11b/CD18-Mediated Adhesion of Eosinophils to Cancer Cells and Synapse-Polarized Degranulation Leading to Tumor Cell Killing Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111664 Authors: Sara Andreone Francesca Spadaro Carla Buccione Jacopo Mancini Antonella Tinari Paola Sestili Adriana Rosa Gambardella Valeria Lucarini Giovanna Ziccheddu Isabella Parolini Cristiana Zanetti Maria Teresa D’Urso Adele De Ninno Luca Businaro...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1660: Targeting Apoptotic Pathways in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111660 Authors: Jonathan R. Sillar Anoop K. Enjeti Acute Myeloid Leukaemia is a devastating disease that continues to have a poor outcome for the majority of patients. In recent years, however, a number of drugs have received FDA approval, following on from successful clinical trial results. This parallels the characterization of the molecular landscape of Acute Myeloid...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1658: Toxicity Profiles of Fractionated Radiotherapy, Contemporary Stereotactic Radiosurgery, and Transsphenoidal Surgery in Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenomas Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111658 Authors: Chia-Lun Chang Kevin Sheng-Po Yuan Alexander T.H. Wu Szu-Yuan Wu Background: Here, we compared the toxicity profiles of contemporary stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), modern fractionated radiotherapy (FRT), and transsphenoidal surgery used to treat...
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1661: Should All Patients With HR-Positive HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer Receive CDK 4/6 Inhibitor As First-Line Based Therapy? A Network Meta-Analysis of Data from the PALOMA 2, MONALEESA 2, MONALEESA 7, MONARCH 3, FALCON, SWOG and FACT Trials Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111661 Authors: Valentina Rossi Paola Berchialla Diana Giannarelli Cecilia Nisticò Gianluigi Ferretti Simona Gasparro Michelangelo Russillo Giovanna Catania Leonardo...
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Abstract Giant cell glioblastoma (GC-GBM) consists of large cells with pleomorphic nuclei. As a contrast to GC-GBM, we defined monotonous small GBM (MS-GBM) as GBM that consists of small cells with monotonous small nuclei, and compared the DNA damage as well as other pathological features. GC-GBM showed minimal invasion (< 2 mm) and focal sarcomatous areas. TERTp was wild type in GC-GBM but mutant in MS-GBM. OLIG2 expression was significantly higher in MS-GBM (P < 0.01) (77%...
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Abstract Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important enzyme that is associated with many human diseases, so the quantitative detection of ALP is vital from a clinical perspective. Nevertheless, most fluorescent assays for monitoring ALP depend on aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ), single-signal modulation, or a “signal off” mode, which suffer from poor sensitivity, a “false positive” problem, and low signal output. In this work, we utilized the electrostatically driven self-assembly...
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Corynebacterium ulcerans can colonize a wide variety of animals and also humans are infected, typically by zoonotic transmission. Symptoms range from skin ulcers or systemic infections to diphtheria-like illness....
This small scale cross-sectional study was done to identify the common systolic blood pressure pattern (dipping or non-dipping) among type 2 diabetic men with coexisting hypertension and erectile dysfunction(E...
Intestinal parasites are present throughout the world in varying degrees of prevalence due to many factors. The aim of this study was to determine the 5-year trend prevalence of intestinal prevalence among pat...
Design polymorphic microsatellite loci that will be useful for studies of the genetic diversity, gene-flow and reproduction in the Japanese endemic conifer Thuja standishii and test the transferability of these l...
Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis as opportunistic pathogens, notable for their frequency and severity of infections are recognized as the most usual reasons for medical device-associated infections that s...
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Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): A. Ockerman, M. Vanhaverbeke, I. Miclotte, A. Belmans, T. Vanassche, C. Politis, R. Jacobs, P. VerhammeAbstractBleeding after dental extraction in patients treated with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOAC) may lead to unplanned reinterventions and interruption of anticoagulation, thereby exposing patients to a risk of thromboembolism. We have designed a study (EXTRACT-NOAC) to...
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Publication date: Available online 26 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Kenny Kuchta, Nguyen Huu Tung, Tomoe Ota, Muhareva Raekiansyah, Kristina Grötzinger, Hans Rausch, Yukihiro Shoyama, Hans Wilhelm Rauwald, Kouichi MoritaAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceThe haemorrhagic dengue fever affects up to 500 million patients, annually causing 20.000 deaths, with no chemotherapeutic agent available. The oleoresin labdanum of Cistus creticus L. has been established as an anti-infective...
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Jia-xin Cheng, Bo-dou Zhang, Wan-fang Zhu, Chao-feng Zhang, Yi-min Qin, Masahiko Abe, Toshihiro Akihisa, Wen-yuan Liu, Feng Feng, Jie ZhangAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceFicus hispida L.f. (Moraceae) has long been used as a traditional medicine in India, China, Sri Lanka, Australia, and Myanmar in the treatment of diarrhea, ulcer, anemia, diabetes, inflammation, and cancer.Aim of the review: This...
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Zi Hui Ni, Li Wu, Ke Xin Cao, Xi Qiong Zhang, Dan Yu Wang, Yu Wei Zeng, Lin Lin Liang, Xian Dan Qiu, Run Sheng Guo, Hai Bo Cheng, Zhi Peng ChenAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceDahuang Zhechong pill (DHZCP) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma.Aim of the studyPrevious studies have found that DHZCP can exert anti-hepatocarcinoma effects and reverse drug...
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Rentsen Badamjav, Dolgor Sonom, Yunhao Wu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Junping Kou, Boyang Yu, Fang LiAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceThalictrum minus L., a Mongolian folk medicinal plant, was applied for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infection, tuberculosis and lung inflammation.Aim of the study: The present work aims to elucidate the protective effects of Thalictrum minus L.(TML) against lipopolysaccharide...
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Rui Li, Yang Zhang, Yucheng Wang, Kejia Huang, Qianye Yang, Tiantian Zhang, Kun Xie, Jian Li, Qi ZhaoAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceFritillariae cirrhosae (FC), referred to‘Chuan beimu'in China. As an important edible and medicinal plant, the bulbs of F.cirrhosae is used traditionally in the treatment of pulmonary diseases associated with lung heat, inflammation and tumors. In the study, we investigated...
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Journal of EthnopharmacologyAuthor(s): Anindita Banerjee, Siddhartha Singh, Shilpi Kumari Prasad, Sourav Kumar, Oly Banerjee, Tapan Seal, Sandip Mukherjee, Bithin Kumar MajiAbstractEthnopharmacological relevanceTinospora sinensis Lour. (Merr.) belongs to the family Menispermaceae and its stem extract have been used traditionally in broad aspects of therapeutic remedies including debility, dyspepsia, fever, jaundice, ulcer, bronchitis, urinary...
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Abstract Genomic testing of adolescents is increasing yet engaging them in decision making is not routine. We assessed decisional conflict in adolescents and a parent making independent decisions about actual genomic testing results and factors that influenced their choices. We enrolled 163 dyads consisting of an adolescent (13‐17 years) not selected based on a specific clinical indication and one parent. After independently choosing categories of conditions to learn for the adolescent,...
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Publication date: Available online 25 October 2019Source: Gene Expression PatternsAuthor(s): Andrew J. Schneider, Joseph Gawdzik, Chad M. Vezina, Tracie R. Baker, Richard E. PetersonAbstractPrevious studies identified Sox9 as a critical mediator of prostate development but the precise stage when Sox9 acts had not been determined. A genetic approach was used to delete Sox9 from mouse urogenital sinus epithelium (UGE) prior to prostate specification. All prostatic bud types (anterior, dorsolateral...
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