Clinical Tests of the Shoulder: Accuracy and Extension Using Dynamic Ultrasound Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder that has a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life and functional health. Since the shoulder joint is a complex structure, the relevant symptoms of shoulder pain may not directly reflect the underlying pathology. Hence, several shoulder tests have been developed to examine shoulder problems, and their diagnostic accuracy varies. Familiarization with the performance of those physical tests and their strength and limitation is of utmost importance for physicians dealing with shoulder disorders. Therefore, the present narrative review focuses on summarizing the most commonly used tests in physical examination and their diagnostic performance on several shoulder pathologies. This article also discusses how ultrasound imaging can serve as an extension of those tests. Corresponding author: Ke-Vin Chang, MD, PhD, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Email: kvchang011@gmail.com; pattap@pchome.com.tw Author Disclosures: Financial disclosure statements have been obtained, and no conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individuals in control of the content of this article. Funding information: No funding was received. Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Effects of load addition during gait training on weight-bearing and temporal asymmetry after stroke: a randomized clinical trial Objective To evaluate the effects of adding load to restrain the non-paretic lower limb during gait training on weight-bearing and temporal asymmetry after stroke. Design Thirty-eight (38) subjects were randomized into treadmill training with load (5% of body weight) on the non-paretic limb (experimental group) and treadmill training without load (control group). Interventions lasted 30 min per day for 2 weeks (9 sessions). Both groups performed home-based exercises and were instructed to increase the use of paretic limb in daily life situations. Ground reaction force (GRF) was obtained by a force plate during standing position (static) and gait (dynamic). Temporal gait parameters were assessed by a motion system analysis. Outcome measures were evaluated at baseline, post-training and after a 40-day follow-up. Results The experimental group increased static GRF of the paretic limb at post-training (P= 0.037) and the control group increased dynamic GRF of the paretic limb at post-training (P= 0.021), both with maintenance at follow-up. Neither group showed a change in the swing time symmetry ratio after training (P= 0.190). Conclusion Treadmill training associated to behavioral strategies/home-based exercises seemed to be useful to minimize weight-bearing asymmetry, but not to improve temporal gait asymmetry. Load addition did not show additional benefits. Corresponding author: Tatiana S. Ribeiro, PT, PhD, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Post office box: 1524, Natal, RN, Zip Code: 59072-970, Brasil. Tel: +55(84)3342-2010; Fax: +55(84)3342-2010. e-mail: ribeiro_tatiana@outlook.com Author disclosures: This study was presented in part as an abstract in the 12th International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine World Congress: T. Ribeiro, E. Silva, S. Silva, I. Regalado, A. Lindquist. Effects of Gait Training with Unilateral Leg Load on Weight Bearing Asymmetry of Individuals with Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018; 61S:e435–e557. This study was financed in part by the CAPES – Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education within the Ministry of Education of Brazil – Finance Code 001. No conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individuals in control of the content of this article. Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

The effect of stabilization exercises along with self-care training on transverse abdominal activity, pain, and disability in mothers with low back pain having children with CP: a RCT Objective Many mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) experience low back pain (LBP), so the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stabilization exercises along with self-care training on transverse abdominal muscle activity, pain, disability and depression in them. Design In this single-blinded randomised clinical trial, 32 mothers with CP children were selected were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups received self-care training individually. For the experimental group, in addition to the self-care training, 24 sessions of stabilization exercises were held. Outcome measures included Visual Analog Scale, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Persian version of Beck Depression Inventory-II and ultrasonography. Results In the experimental group the transverse abdominal muscle activity during abdominal hollowing exercises were significantly increased (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in pain, disability and depression (p >0.05). Conclusion Stabilization exercises could improve the voluntary activity of transverse abdominal muscle of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Correspondence: Zahra Ahmadizadeh, Address: Department of Occupational therapy, School of rehabilitation, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Km 5 Semnan to Damghan road, Semnan, Iran, Zip (postal) code: 3519899951. Email: ahmadizadeh.z@semums.ac.irAhmadizade.z@gmail.com, Phone number: 00989125312182 Author Disclosures: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by neuromuscular rehabilitation research center of Semnan University of Medical sciences. The authors would like to thank all of mothers who participated in this study Funding: this study has received funding from Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences. Funding number 821. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Reorganization of hand motor function to the primary somatosensory cortex in a patient with primary motor cortex infarct: Functional MRI and diffusion tensor tractography assessments No abstract available

Efficacy of transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation (TENS) in postoperative analgesia after pulmonary surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis Objective This study aimed to identify the analgesic efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation (TENS) in postoperative pain after pulmonary surgery. Design Electronic databases (PubMed, EmBase, Web of Science and CENTRAL) were systematically searched from their inception to June 2019. The continuous variables were pooled as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with correlated 95% confidence interval (CI). Results were recognized as significant when p< 0.05. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses and quality assessment were performed. Results Altogether 10 studies were included. The pooled results indicated that TENS group conferred lower pain intensity score on the first postoperative day (POD) (WMD: -0.93, 95% CI: -1.56 to -0.30, p=0.004), POD 2 (WMD: -1.00, 95% CI: -1.64 to -0.35, p=0.002), POD 3 (WMD: -0.92, 95% CI: -1.76 to -0.09, p=0.03), POD 4 (WMD: -0.90, 95% CI: -1.24 to -0.56, p< 0.001), and POD 5 (WMD: -1.39, 95% CI: -2.20 to -0.57, p< 0.001) compared with the placebo TENS group. No publication bias was found. No significant discovery was obtained in sensitivity analyses. Conclusion TENS might be an effective supplementary analgesic regimen in multimodal analgesia to decrease pain intensity after pulmonary surgery. Corresponding author: Lunxu Liu, Telephone: 86 28 85422494. Fax: 86 28 85422494. Address: No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. E-mail: lunxu_liu@aliyun.com Conflict of interest: None declared. Funding: This work was supported by Key Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province, China (2016FZ0118) (to LL). Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Expression of Concern No abstract available

Ultrasound Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections No abstract available

Assessing the Accuracy of Ultrasound-Guided Needle Placement in Sacroiliac Joint Injections: Letter to the Editor No abstract available

Should hospitalized patients wear graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis? - A Cochrane Review summary with commentary No abstract available

Benefit and harms of percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture - A Cochrane Review summary with commentary No abstract available