The role of osteopontin in dermatological diseases Alaa H Marea, Wafaa A Shehata, Sally M El-Hefnawy, Amany M Mohsen Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):751-755 Objective The aim of this study was to study the role of osteopontin (OPN) in dermatological diseases through a meta-analysis study. Data sources Previous literatures, reviews, and studies as well as medical websites (PubMed, Medscape and Science Direct), all material available in the internet from 2014 to 2017, and scientific journals databases were searched from the start date of each database. Study selection The initial search presented 10 articles of which five met the inclusion criteria. Selection was done by supervisors for studying the role of OPN in dermatological diseases. Data extraction If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, adequate information, and defined assessment measures. Data synthesis Comparisons were made by a structured review with the results tabulated. Findings In total five potentially relevant publications were included; all were human studies. The studies show an elevated level of OPN in some dermatological diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis, alopecia areata, psoriasis, sarcoidosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus in comparison to the controls. Conclusion As OPN was elevated among allergic contact dermatitis, alopecia areata, psoriasis, sarcoidosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus patients, it may play a role in the pathogenesis of such diseases.

Role of microneedling in treatment of patients with striae distensae Magda M Hagag, Rehab M Samaka, Hanan A E Mahmoud Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):756-762 Objective The aim of this work was to elucidate the efficacy and safety of microneedling in the treatment of striae distensae (SD). Background SD is a common form of dermal scarring that appears on the skin as violaceous, erythematous, or hypopigmented linear striations. Microneedling therapy or collagen induction therapy is a minimally invasive, nonsurgical, and nonablative procedure that involves the use of a microneedling device to create controlled skin injury. Data sources Medline databases such as PubMed, Medscape, Science Direct, and EMF-Portal and all materials available on the Internet from 2010 to 2017 were searched. Study selection The initial search presented seven articles that have studied the role of microneedling in the treatment of SD. Data extraction If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls mentioned, adequate information provided, and assessment measures defined. Data synthesis Comparisons were made by structured review with the results tabulated. Findings The use of skin microneedling is found to be effective in the treatment of SD. Conclusion This study concluded that the use of skin microneedling is effective as a new modality for the treatment of SD.

Role of functional MRI in assessment of voice, language, and speech disorders Mohamed Baraka, Hossam El-Dessouky, Eman Ezzat, Marwa G A El-Hameed Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):763-769 Objective The objective of this study was to review the role of functional MRI (fMRI) in assessment of voice, language, and speech disorders. Materials and Methods Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, and ScienceDirect) and all materials available in the Internet from 1993 to 2017 were the sources of data. The initial search presented 267 articles of which 62 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the role of fMRI in assessment of communication disorders as regards voice, language, and speech. If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, adequate information, and defined assessment measures. Results Significant data were collected. Data were heterogeneous. Thus, a structured review was performed with the results tabulated. Conclusion fMRI brain imaging provides a new perspective on the organization of language, speech, and voice in the human brain. It can provide basic information about brain disease, and determine and monitor treatment outcomes of communication disorders. It gives a better definition of the distributed nature of the brain circuits involved and appreciation of the flexibility of these circuits in adapting to the different aspects of language, speech, and voice production.

Role of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with breast cancer Laila M Montaser, Ahmed A Sonbol, Ahmed S EL-Gammal, Asmaa S Abo El-Yazeed Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):770-776 Objective The aim was to assess the role of the circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) in stages of breast cancer (BC) in patients. Materials and Methods We reviewed papers on the relation between CEPCs and stages of BC from Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, Science Direct, and EMF-Portal) and all materials available on the internet from 1994 to 2016. The initial search presented 100 articles, of which, 30 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the relation between endothelial progenitor cells and stages of BC. If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, adequate information, and defined assessment measures. Comparisons were made by structured review with the results tabulated. Findings Endothelial progenitor cells counts were significantly higher in advanced stages of BC compared with those with early stages and controls in almost all the studied publications. Conclusion Our review concludes CEPCs elevation in the blood of patients is a useful marker of tumor angiogenesis and progression and early predictor of metastasis in patients with BC.

Evaluation of the relationship between glutathione peroxidase 1 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma Gehan K El-Saeid, Mohammed A Rady, Belal A Montaser, Heba S Mohammed Ghanem, Sara M A Aboagiza Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):777-783 Objective The objective of this study was to investigate association of genetic polymorphism of glutathione peroxidase 1 (rs1050450) with liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and methods Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from the start of the database to 2017. The initial search presented 215 articles of which 20 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the relation between glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and liver fibrosis and HCC. Extraction was performed, including the assessment of the quality and the validity of the papers that met with the prior criteria that describe the review. If the studies did not fulfil the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included when ethical approval was obtained, eligibility criteria defined, sufficient information, convenient controls and known assessment measures. Each study was reviewed independently; the data obtained were rebuilt in a new manner according to the need of the researcher and arranged into topics through the article. Then, comparisons were made with the results tabulated. Results In total, 20 potentially relevant publications were included. The studies indicate a significant association between GPX1 polymorphism and liver diseases. Conclusion We found that the GPX1 Pro198Leu (rs1050450) GPX1 polymorphism plays a major role in liver fibrosis progression and HCC development.

Evaluation of feline McDonough sarcoma-like tyrosine kinase 3 (CD135) expression in acute myeloblastic leukemia Samia H Kandel, Iman A Ahmedy, Suzan A Al-Hassanin, Samar S H El-Gazzar Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):784-789 Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of feline McDonough sarcoma (FMS)-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). Background AML is the most common acute leukemia affecting adults, and its incidence increases with age. FLT3 belongs to the class III receptor kinase family, which plays an essential role in hematopoiesis, driving differentiation of early myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Data sources Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, Science Direct) and all materials available in the Internet from 1996 to 2017. Study selection The initial search yielded 107 articles, of which 20 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the relation between FLT3 and AML. Data extraction Midline searches with the keywords 'acute myeloblastic leukemia, Feline McDonough Sarcoma like tyrosine kinase, FLT3' in the title of the papers; extraction was performed, including assessment of the quality and validity of papers that fulfilled the previous criteria of FLT3 expression in AML. Data synthesis Each study was reviewed independently; the data obtained were rebuilt in a new language according to the needs of the researcher and categorized into topics throughout the article. Comparisons were made by structured reviews, with the results tabulated. Findings The studies indicated that FLT3 is significantly increased in patients with AML. Conclusion FLT3 overexpression was found in patients with AML and correlated with relapsed cases, worse survival, and poor outcome. This indicated that FLT3 overexpression can be used as a poor prognostic predictor for AML.

Effect of adiponectin and highly sensitive C-reactive protein on the severity of coronary artery disease Ahmed A Reda, Waleed A Ibrahim, Ahmed O Elsisy Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):790-796 Objective The objective of our study was to estimate the effect of adiponectin (ADPN) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level on the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chronic stable angina. Materials and methods MEDLINE databases (PubMed, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, British Medical Journal, Journal of American College of Cardiology, and European Heart Journal) and also materials available in the internet were searched. The search was performed in the electronic databases from 2000 to 2017. The initial search presented 122 articles of which 29 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied ADPN, hsCRP, and severity of CAD. If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, adequate information, and defined assessment measures. Comparisons were made by structured review with the results tabulated. Findings In total, 29 potentially relevant publications were included. The studies indicate an association between ADPN and hsCRP and severity of CAD in patients with CAD. Conclusion ADPN and hsCRP are markers of poor prognosis in patients with CAD.

Pattern of coronary artery disease in high-risk patients without prior myocardial infraction Hala M Badran, Naglaa F Ahamed, Abd Elmoaty G. Kishk Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):797-802 Objective This study aimed to assess the causes, risk factors, outcome, and recommendation of patients with coronary artery disease without prior obstruction. Materials and methods Medline databases (PubMed, Circulation, American Society of Echocardiography, Journal of American Colleague of Cardiology, and ScienceDirect) and also materials available on the internet. The search was performed in the electronic databases from 2012 to 2017. The initial search presented 60 articles of which 23 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the pattern of coronary artery disease in patients with risk factors without prior obstruction. If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, adequate information, and defined assessment measures. Comparisons were made by a structured review with the results tabulated. Findings In total, 27 potentially relevant publications were included. The studies indicate that cardiovascular risk factors have a differential effect on women, and some risk factors are more common in women than in men. Conclusion Patients with angina and nonobstructive coronary angiograms are predominantly women, and many have a prognosis that is not as benign as commonly thought. Therapy should be directed at symptom relief; aggressive anti-ischemic medication should be applied when risk factors are present or when the prognostic risk is high.

Predictive prognostic value of neutrophil–lymphocytes ratio in acute coronary syndrome Ahmed A Reda, Waleed A Ibrahim, Markos Z Salama Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):803-811 Objective To evaluate the relations between preprocedural neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio and in-hospital outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data sources We utilize the medical journals, medical text books, and Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, and Science Direct) which have updated research with keywords 'neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and acute coronary syndrome' in the title of the paper and all materials available on the Internet from 2013 to 2017. Study selection The initial search presented 1270 articles of which 21 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the correlation between N/L ratio and the occurrence of no-reflow, along with assessment of the prognostic value of N/L ratio in patients with STEMI. Data extraction If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures were made. Data synthesis Comparisons were made by meta-analysis with the results tabulated. Findings The levels of inflammatory markers such as the N/L ratio should be routinely checked in all patients presenting with acute STEMI as they may help in the prediction of prognosis; they may guide the emergency physician to provide the best type of therapy in such cases, and they may be useful in the follow-up of patients after reperfusion. Conclusion Preprocedural N/L ratio was an independent prognostic factor for both in-hospital mortality and adverse outcomes among the STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI during the hospital stay. N/L ratio was an independent predictor of no-reflow/reflow and angiographic grade after PCI.

Nutrition in critically Ill pediatric patients: a systemic review Ali M Elshafie, Dalia M El-Lahony, Zein A Omar, Wael A Bahbah, Hanem R M Ghetas Menoufia Medical Journal 2019 32(3):812-817 Objective The study aimed to review the different types of nutrition in critically ill pediatric patients. Data sources Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, Science Direct, EMF-Portal, Google Scholar) and all materials available in the Internet from 2001 to 2014 were searched. Study selection The initial search presented 150 articles of which 50 met the inclusion criteria. The articles studied the role of nutritional management in critically ill pediatric patients. Data extraction If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, adequate information provided, and assessment measures defined. Data synthesis Comparisons were made by structured review with the results tabulated. Findings In total, 50 studies indicated that ICU patients who present with malnutrition or at a high probability of developing malnutrition during their hospital stay and those who are not expected to be on a full oral diet within 3 days should receive specialized enteral and/or parenteral nutritional support. Feeding should be started early within the first 24–48 h to facilitate diet tolerance and reduce the risk of intestinal barrier dysfunction and infections. Conclusion This review found that critically ill pediatric patients are at risk of malnutrition. Enteral nutrition is the preferred mode of nutrition and should be used whenever possible. Total parental nutrition is used only if the gastrointestinal tract is unable to meet the nutritional requirements for 1–3 days in infants and 4–5 days in children and adolescents.