Annals of Intensive Care - Latest Articles
- Impact of natural light exposure on delirium burden in adult patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU: a prospective studyTo determine whether potential exposure to natural light via windows is associated with reduced delirium burden in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU in a single room.
- Growth differentiation factor 15 and early prognosis after out-of-hospital cardiac arrestGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is an inflammatory cytokine released in response to tissue injury. It has prognostic value in cardiovascular diseases and other acute and chronic conditions. Here, we ...
- Use of MIRUS™ for MAC-driven application of isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane in postoperative ICU patients: a randomized controlled trialThe MIRUS™ (TIM, Koblenz, Germany) is an electronical gas delivery system, which offers an automated MAC (minimal alveolar concentration)-driven application of isoflurane, sevoflurane, or desflurane, and can b...
Anthropology-News
- Julie McBrien and Catherine Wanner Contemplate Secularism, Belonging, and BeliefA conversation about Julie McBrien’s book From Belonging to Belief: Modern Secularisms and the Construction of Religion in Kyrgyzstan (2017). Catherine Wanner: What led you to a new take on Grace Davie’s famous characterization of religion in the modern age as “believing without belonging”? You describe the religiosity and secularism of Muslims in Kyrgyzstan as “from belonging to belief.” Could you tell us about how this differs from the Scandi
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
- Genomic analyses of population structure reveal metabolism as a primary driver of local adaptation in Daphnia pulex [NEW RESULTS]Elucidating population structure is important for understanding evolutionary features of an organism. In the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia pulex, an emerging model system in evolutionary genomics, previous studies using a small number of molecular markers indicated that genetic differentiation among populations is high. However, the dispersal ability of D. pulex is potentially high, and evolutionary forces shaping genetic differentiation amo
- Epistasis, inbreeding depression and the evolution of self-fertilization [NEW RESULTS]Inbreeding depression resulting from partially recessive deleterious alleles is thought to be the main genetic factor preventing self-fertilizing mutants from spreading in outcrossing hermaphroditic populations. However, deleterious alleles may also generate an advantage to selfers in terms of more efficient purging, while the effects of epistasis among those alleles on inbreeding depression and mating system evolution remain little explored. In
- Large DNA virus promoted the endosymbiotic evolution to make a photosynthetic eukaryote [NEW RESULTS]Chloroplasts in photosynthetic eukaryotes originated from a cyanobacterial endosymbiosis far more than 1 billion years ago1-3. Due to this ancientness, it remains unclear how this evolutionary process proceeded. To unveil this mystery, we analysed the whole genome sequence of a photosynthetic rhizarian amoeba4, Paulinella micropora5,6, which has a chloroplast-like organelle that originated from another cyanobacterial endosymbiosis7-10 about 0.1 b
- Structural variation in Drosophila melanogaster spermathecal ducts and its association with sperm competition dynamics [NEW RESULTS]The ability of female insects to retain and use sperm for days, months, or even years after mating requires specialised storage organs in the reproductive tract. In most orders these organs include a pair of sclerotised capsules known as spermathecae. Here, we report that some Drosophila melanogaster females exhibit previously uncharacterised structures within the distal portion of the muscular duct that links a spermatheca to the uterus. We find
- Mitochondrial-Y chromosome epistasis in Drosophila melanogaster [NEW RESULTS]The coordination between mitochondrial and nuclear genes is crucial to eukaryotic organisms. Predicting the nature of these epistatic interactions can be difficult because of the transmission asymmetry of the genes involved. While autosomes and X-linked genes are transmitted through both sexes, genes on the Y chromosome and in the mitochondrial genome are uniparentally transmitted through males and females respectively. Here, we generate 36 other
- Challenging conventional wisdom on the evolution of resistance to multi-drug HIV treatment: Lessons from data and modeling. [NEW RESULTS]Under the current standard of care, individuals with HIV take three antiretroviral drugs simultaneously. Triple-drug combination therapies limit HIV drug resistance evolution, because viruses resistant to a subset of the cocktail are suppressed by the remainder of the drugs and should not complete replication and spread. Despite this, reanalysis of HIV genetic data shortly after triple drug therapies became available (1990s and 2000s) reveals ong
- Modern human changes in regulatory regions implicated in cortical development [NEW RESULTS]Recent paleogenomic studies have highlighted a very small set of proteins carrying modern human-specific missense changes in comparison to our closest extinct relatives. Despite being frequently alluded to as highly relevant, species-specific differences in regulatory regions remain understudied. Here, we integrate data from paleogenomics, chromatin modification and physical interaction, and single-cell gene expression of neural progenitor cells
- Polygenic adaptation to an environmental shift: temporal dynamics of variation under Gaussian stabilizing selection and additive effects on a single trait [NEW RESULTS]Predictions about the effect of natural selection on patterns of linked neutral variation are largely based on models involving the rapid fixation of unconditionally beneficial mutations. However, when phenotypes adapt to a new optimum trait value, the strength of selection on individual mutations decreases as the population adapts. Here, I use explicit forward simulations of a single trait with additive-effect mutations adapting to an optimum sh
- Evolutionary analyses reveal independent origins of gene repertoires and structural motifs associated to fast inactivation in calcium-selective TRPV channels [NEW RESULTS]Important for calcium homeostasis, TRPV5 and TRPV6 are calcium-selective channels belonging to the transient receptor potential (TRP) gene family. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary history of these channels to add an evolutionary context to the already available physiological information. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that paralogs found in mammals, sauropsids, amphibians, and chondrichthyans, are the product of independent duplica
- A phenotypically plastic magic trait promoting reproductive isolation in sticklebacks? [NEW RESULTS]This study identifies one possible mechanism whereby gene flow is interrupted in populations undergoing evolutionary divergence in sympatry; this is an important issue in evolutionary biology that remains poorly understood. Variation in trophic morphology was induced in three-spined stickleback by exposing them from an early age either to large benthic or to small pelagic prey. At sexual maturity, females given a choice between two breeding males
- The microevolutionary response to male-limited X-chromosome evolution in Drosophila melanogaster reflects macroevolutionary patterns [NEW RESULTS]Due to its hemizygous inheritance and role in sex determination, the X chromosome is expected to play an important role in the evolution of sexual dimorphism, and to be enriched for sexually antagonistic genetic variation. By forcing the X chromosome to only be expressed in males over >40 generations, we changed the selection pressures on the X to become similar to those experienced by the Y. This releases the X from any constraints arising from
- Asymmetric gene flow causes cascading reproductive isolation [NEW RESULTS]The interplay between hybridization and reproductive isolation is critical to the origin and maintenance of species. Hybridization between species is known to affect reproductive barrier strength. An extension of this relationship is the expectation that asymmetric hybridization and gene flow will have asymmetric effects on reproductive barrier strength. We tested this hypothesis in a pair of morning glory species which exhibit asymmetric gene fl
- Phylogenetic conflicts, combinability, and deep phylogenomics in plants [NEW RESULTS]Studies have demonstrated that pervasive gene tree conflict underlies several important phylogenetic relationships where different species tree methods produce conflicting results. Here, we present a means of dissecting the phylogenetic signal for alternative resolutions within a dataset in order to resolve recalcitrant relationships and, importantly, identify what the dataset is unable to resolve. These procedures extend upon methods for isolati
Clinical Ophthalmology
Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily
- Newly discovered microbes band together, 'flip out'Scientists have found a new species of choanoflagellate. This close relative of animals forms sheets of cells that 'flip' inside-out in response to light, alternating between a cup-shaped feeding form and a ball-like swimming form. The organism could offer clues about animals' early evolution.
- Phylogenetic analysis forces rethink of termite evolutionDespite their important ecological role as decomposers, termites are often overlooked in research. Evolutionary biologists have constructed a new family tree for this unassuming insect brood, shedding unexpected light on its evolutionary history.
- An evolution in the understanding of evolutionAn engineering professor and her former Ph.D. student share a new, more accurate method for modeling evolutionary change.
- Museums put ancient DNA to work for wildlifeScientists who are trying to save species at the brink of extinction are finding help in an unexpected place. Researchers increasingly are embracing the power of ancient DNA from old museum specimens to answer questions about climate change, habitat loss and other stresses on surviving populations.
- Industrial melanism linked to same gene in 3 moth speciesThe rise of dark forms of many species of moth in heavily polluted areas of 19th and 20th century Britain, known as industrial melanism, was a highly visible response to environmental change. But did the different species rely on the same gene to adapt? New research by the University of Liverpool reveals that three species of moth, including the famous peppered moth, indeed did.
- Scientists discover new species of wasp-mimicking praying mantisBiologists have described a new species of praying mantis that displays the first documented example of conspicuous mimicking of a wasp among praying mantises.
- Paleontologists discover complete Saurornitholestes langstoni specimenThe discovery of a nearly complete dromaeosaurid Saurornitholestes langstoni specimen is providing critical information for the evolution of theropod dinosaurs, according to new research.
- Sexual selection alone could spark formation of new speciesBecause of imprinted preferences, strawberry poison frog females mate more with similar colored males, and less with differently colored males. Over time, the behavior could lead to two color types becoming separate species.
- Old friends and new enemies: How evolutionary history can predict insect invader impactsScientists have developed a model that could help foresters predict which nonnative insect invasions will be most problematic. This could help managers decide where to allocate resources to avoid widespread tree death.
- A secret in saliva: Food and germs helped humans evolve into unique member of great apesResearchers discovered that the human diet -- a result of increased meat consumption, cooking and agriculture -- has led to stark differences in the saliva of humans compared to that of other primates.
- How human brain development diverged from that of great apesResearchers present new insights into the development of the human brain and differences in this process compared to other great apes. The study reveals features of brain development that are unique to humans, and outlines how these processes have diverged from those in other primates.
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
- Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates-Induced Intracellular Inflammation in HepG2 CellsExp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/a-0999-0149Fatty acids induced hepatic inflammation plays an important role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gasotransmitter, has been established to possess potent anti-inflammation in various human organs. However, the anti-inflammation property of H2S in the fatty liver is still needed to further elucidate. Hence, this study aimed to investi
Journal of Evolutionary Biology
- The skull evolution of oviraptorosaurian dinosaurs: the role of niche‐partitioning in diversificationAbstract Oviraptorosaurs are bird‐like theropod dinosaurs that thrived in the final pre‐extinction ecosystems during the latest Cretaceous, and the beaked, toothless skulls of derived species are regarded as some of the most peculiar among dinosaurs. Their aberrant morphologies are hypothesized to have been caused by rapid evolution triggered by an ecological/biological driver, but little is known about how their skull shapes and functional abil
- Marginal Fit Evaluation of Cad/Cam All Ceramic Crowns Obtained by Two Digital Workflows: An In‐Vitro Study Using Micro‐Ct TechnologyAbstract Purpose : To evaluate the marginal fit of CAD/CAM all ceramic crowns made from lithium disilicate and zirconia using two different fabrication protocols (model and model‐less). Materials and Methods : Forty anterior all ceramic restorations (20 lithium disilicate, 20 zirconia) were fabricated from digital impression using a CEREC Bluecam scanner. Two different digital workflows were used: a fully digital model‐less approach and
- Exercise before bed does not impact sleep inertia in young healthy malesAbstract Sleep inertia is the transitional state marked by impaired cognitive performance and reduced vigilance upon waking. Exercising before bed may increase the amount of slow‐wave sleep within the sleep period, which has previously been associated with increased sleep inertia. Healthy males (n = 12) spent 3 nights in a sleep laboratory (1‐night washout period between each night) and completed one of the three conditions on each visit – no ex
- Ear‐EEG‐based sleep scoring in epilepsy: A comparison with scalp‐EEGAbstract Ear‐EEG is a wearable electroencephalogram‐recording device. It relies on recording electrodes that are nested within a custom‐fitted earpiece in the external ear canal. The concept has previously been tested for seizure detection in epileptic patients and for sleep recordings in a healthy population. This study is the first to examine the use of ear‐EEG recordings for sleep staging in patients with epilepsy, comparing it with standard
Journal of the American Chemical Society: Latest Articles (ACS Publications)
- [ASAP] Elucidating Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanisms of Metal Hydrides with Free Energy- and Pressure-Dependent KineticsJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08189
- [ASAP] Enzyme-Instructed Activation of Pro-protein Therapeutics In VivoJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08669
- [ASAP] Establishing a Thermodynamic Landscape for the Active Site of Mo-Dependent NitrogenaseJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06546
- [ASAP] High-Spin Diradical Dication of Chiral p-Conjugated Double Helical MoleculeJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08711
- [ASAP] A Series of Iron Nitrosyl Complexes {Fe–NO}<sup>6–9</sup> and a Fleeting {Fe–NO}<sup>10</sup> Intermediate en Route to a Metalacyclic Iron NitrosoalkaneJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08053
- [ASAP] Efficient <italic toggle="yes">Z</italic>-Selective Semihydrogenation of Internal Alkynes Catalyzed by Cationic Iron(II) Hydride ComplexesJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09907
- [ASAP] Tracking the Metal-Centered Triplet in Photoinduced Spin Crossover of Fe(phen)<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> with Tabletop Femtosecond M-Edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure SpectroscopyJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07332
- [ASAP] Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of StreptideJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09067
- [ASAP] Dehydroalkylative Activation of CNN- and PNN-Pincer Ruthenium Catalysts for Ester HydrogenationJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09326
- [ASAP] Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Gd(III)-Based Contrast Agents: Challenges and Key AdvancesJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09149
- [ASAP] Ru-Catalyzed Migratory Geminal Semihydrogenation of Internal Alkynes to Terminal OlefinsJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09658
- [ASAP] Solar-Driven Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation over an n-Type Lead–Titanium Oxyfluoride AnodeJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06570
- [ASAP] Synthesis of Organic Super-Electron-Donors by Reaction of Nitrous Oxide with N-Heterocyclic OlefinsJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10660
- [ASAP] Oxidative Approach Enables Efficient Access to Cyclic AzobenzenesJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08794
- [ASAP] Unraveling the Dynamic Network in the Reactions of an Alkyl Aryl Ether Catalyzed by Ni/?-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in 2-PropanolJournal of the American Chemical SocietyDOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09071
Πέμπτη 17 Οκτωβρίου 2019
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