Background Body mass index (BMI) is used to define obesity, but it is an imperfect measure of body composition. In the current study, the authors explored the association between types of fat and survival in patients treated with immunotherapy. Methods A retrospective analysis of 90 patients who were treated with immunotherapy on phase 1 clinical trials at the Winship Cancer Institute in Atlanta, Georgia, from 2009 through 2017 was performed. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 20:54
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 25 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0608-1EWS-FLI1-mediated tenascin-C expression promotes tumour progression by targeting MALAT1 through integrin α5β1-mediated YAP activation in Ewing sarcoma
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 25 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0606-3Impact of neuroendocrine morphology on cancer outcomes and stage at diagnosis: a UK nationwide cohort study 2013–2015
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 25 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0601-8Long-term survival in patients with metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with metastasis-directed therapy
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Abstract The lysyl oxidases (LOXs) are a family of enzymes deputed to cross-link collagen and elastin, shaping the structure and strength of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, many novel “non-canonical” functions, alternative substrates, and regulatory mechanisms have been described and are being continuously elucidated. The activity of LOXs, therefore, appears to be integrated into a complex network of signals regulating many cell functions, including survival/proliferation/differentiation....
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Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common and lethal hematopoietic malignancy that is highly dependent on the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Infiltrating immune and stromal cells are important components of the BM microenvironment and significantly influence the progression of AML. This study aimed to elucidate the value of immune/stromal cell-associated genes for AML prognosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis. We obtained expression profiles from The Cancer Genome...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Abstract The incidence of rare neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is rapidly increasing. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a NET with poorly differentiated histological features, high proliferative properties and associated poor prognoses. Since these carcinomas are so rare, and thus, affect only a small number of patients allowing for few cell lines to be derived from patient biopsies, the histological, immunohistochemical, and clinical characteristics associated with colorectal NEC and NECs in other...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 11:52
Abstract Preoperative or induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, plus 5‐fluorouracil (DCF) is a promising regimen for advanced esophageal cancer. However, the DCF regimen is associated with a high risk of severe neutropenia or febrile neutropenia (FN). However, the current guidelines fail to recommend an optimal administration schedule of pegfilgrastim along with the DCF regimen to prevent FN. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of an early administration on day 3 of pegfilgrastim...
Wed Oct 23, 2019 21:57
Abstract 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but acquisition of chemoresistance frequently occurs and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that miR‐338‐5p was underexpressed in ESCC cells with acquired 5‐FU chemoresistance. Forced expression of miR‐338‐5p in these cells resulted in downregulation of Id‐1, and restoration of both in vitro and in vivo sensitivity to 5‐FU treatment. The effects were...
Wed Oct 23, 2019 20:23
Abstract We recently took advantage of the universal expression of cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) by CD4+ cells infected with human T‐cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐1) and the downregulation of CD7 expression that corresponds with the oncogenic stage of HTLV‐1‐infected cells to develop a flow cytometric system using CADM1 versus CD7 plotting of CD4+ cells. We risk‐stratified HTLV‐1 asymptomatic carriers (AC) and indolent adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cases based on the CADM1+ percentage,...
Wed Oct 23, 2019 15:04
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1642: Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Approved Combination BRAF and MEK Inhibitor Regimens for BRAF-Mutant Melanoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111642 Authors: Hamid Cowey Offner Faries Carvajal No head-to-head studies exist comparing BRAF inhibitor/MEK inhibitor (BRAFi/MEKi) combination treatments for BRAF-mutant melanoma. A side-by-side analysis of randomized phase III trials is presented that evaluated dabrafenib/trametinib, vemurafenib/cobimetinib,...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1641: Tumor BRCA Test for Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Molecular Pathology in the Era of PARP Inhibitor Therapy Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111641 Authors: Fumagalli Tomao Betella Rappa Calvello Bonanni Bernard Peccatori Colombo Viale Barberis Guerini-Rocco The PARP inhibitor olaparib has been approved in the maintenance setting of platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer patients with...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1643: Genomic-Destabilization-Associated Mutagenesis and Clonal Evolution of Cells with Mutations in Tumor-Suppressor Genes Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111643 Authors: Yoshioka Matsuno Hyodo Fujimori The development of cancer is driven by genomic instability and mutations. In general, cancer develops via multiple steps. Each step involves the clonal evolution of cells with abrogated defense systems, such as cells with mutations in cancer-suppressor...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1640: Anti-Proliferative Effects of an Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Extract Enriched in Ligstroside Aglycone and Oleocanthal on Human Liver Cancer Cell Lines Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111640 Authors: De Stefanis Scimè Accomazzo Catti Occhipinti Bertea Costelli Oleocanthal and ligstroside aglycone are olive oil-derived polyphenols. The former interferes with tumor growth with minor or no cytotoxicity on non-tumorigenic primary cell lines....
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1638: Long Noncoding RNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Functional Characterization and Clinical Relevance Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111638 Authors: Morgane Gourvest Pierre Brousset Marina Bousquet Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the most common form of leukemia in adults with an incidence of 4.3 per 100,000 cases per year. Historically, the identification of genetic alterations in AML focused on protein-coding genes to provide biomarkers and to understand...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1636: Clinical Significance of Various Drug-Sensitivity Markers in Patients with Surgically Resected Pulmonary Pleomorphic Carcinoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111636 Authors: Hisao Imai Kimihiro Shimizu Osamu Kawashima Hideki Endoh Kazuyoshi Imaizumi Yasuhiro Goto Mitsuhiro Kamiyoshihara Masayuki Sugano Ryohei Yamamoto Shigebumi Tanaka Atsushi Fujita Yoshihito Kogure Yukio Seki Akira Mogi Tetsunari Oyama Koichi Minato...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1637: Galeterone and The Next Generation Galeterone Analogs, VNPP414 and VNPP433-3β Exert Potent Therapeutic Effects in Castration-/Drug-Resistant Prostate Cancer Preclinical Models In Vitro and In Vivo Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111637 Authors: Andrew K. Kwegyir-Afful Senthilmurugan Ramalingam Vidya P. Ramamurthy Puranik Purushottamachar Francis N. Murigi Tadas S. Vasaitis Weiliang Huang Maureen A. Kane Yuji Zhang Nicholas Ambulos Sudhir...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1639: Antiplatelet Agents for Cancer Prevention: Current Evidences and Continuing Controversies Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111639 Authors: Corinne Frere Manon Lejeune Pierre Kubicek Dorothée Faille Zora Marjanovic the Groupe Francophone Thrombose et Cancer Over the past two decades, aspirin has emerged as a promising chemoprotective agent to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). In 2016, the mounting evidence supporting its chemoprotective effect,...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1631: Understanding and Targeting Apoptotic Pathways in Ovarian Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111631 Authors: Linah F. Al-Alem Andrew T. Baker Unnati M. Pandya Eric L. Eisenhauer Bo R. Rueda Ovarian cancer cells evade the immune system as well as chemotherapeutic and/or biologic treatments through inherent or acquired mechanisms of survival and drug resistance. Depending on the cell type and the stimuli, this threshold can range from external...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1632: The Role of Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Tumor Volume for Prognostication and Treatment Guidance in Loco-Regionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111632 Authors: Fo-Ping Chen Dan-Wan Wen Feng Li Li Lin Jia Kou Wei-Hong Zheng Li Li Guan-Qun Zhou Ying Sun The value of post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) tumor volume for prognostication in loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC)...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1634: PIK3CA Cooperates with KRAS to Promote MYC Activity and Tumorigenesis via the Bromodomain Protein BRD9 Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111634 Authors: Catherine M. Bell Philipp Raffeiner Jonathan R. Hart Peter K. Vogt Tumor formation is generally linked to the acquisition of two or more driver genes that cause normal cells to progress from proliferation to abnormal expansion and malignancy. In order to understand genetic alterations involved in this...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1633: The Role of Merlin/NF2 Loss in Meningioma Biology Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111633 Authors: Sungho Lee Patrick J. Karas Caroline C. Hadley James C. Bayley V A. Basit Khan Ali Jalali Alex D. Sweeney Tiemo J. Klisch Akash J. Patel Mutations in the neurofibromin 2 (NF2) gene were among the first genetic alterations implicated in meningioma tumorigenesis, based on analysis of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients who not only develop...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1635: SLUG Directs the Precursor State of Human Brain Tumor Stem Cells Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111635 Authors: Charles Chesnelong Xiaoguang Hao Orsolya Cseh Alice Yijun Wang H. Artee Luchman Samuel Weiss In glioblastoma (GBM), brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) encompass heterogenous populations of multipotent, self-renewing, and tumorigenic cells, which have been proposed to be at the root of therapeutic resistance and recurrence. While the functional...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1628: Glutamine Metabolism in Brain Tumors Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111628 Authors: Siva Kumar Natarajan Sriram Venneti Altered metabolism is a hallmark of cancer cells. Tumor cells rewire their metabolism to support their uncontrolled proliferation by taking up nutrients from the microenvironment. The amino acid glutamine is a key nutrient that fuels biosynthetic processes including ATP generation, redox homeostasis, nucleotide, protein, and lipid synthesis....
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1629: The Expression/Methylation Profile of Adipogenic and Inflammatory Transcription Factors in Adipose Tissue Are Linked to Obesity-Related Colorectal Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111629 Authors: Hatim Boughanem Amanda Cabrera-Mulero Pablo Hernández-Alonso Borja Bandera-Merchán Alberto Tinahones Francisco José Tinahones Sonsoles Morcillo Manuel Macias-Gonzalez Obesity is well accepted as crucial risk factor that plays a critical...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1630: Applications of Bioinformatics in Cancer Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111630 Authors: Chad Brenner This series of 25 articles (22 original articles, 3 reviews) is presented by international leaders in bioinformatics and biostatistics [...]
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1627: Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Pancreatic Cancer: Implications in Novel Therapeutic Approaches Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111627 Authors: Anita Thyagarajan Mamdouh Salman A. Alshehri Kelly L.R. Miller Catherine M. Sherwin Jeffrey B. Travers Ravi P. Sahu Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a devastating human malignancy with poor prognosis and low survival rates. Several cellular mechanisms have been linked with pancreatic...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Translating CYP2D6 genotype to metabolizer phenotype is not standardized across clinical laboratories offering pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing and PGx clinical practice guidelines, such as the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) and the Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG). The genotype to phenotype translation discordance between laboratories and guidelines can cause discordant cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) phenotype assignments and, thus lead to inconsistent therapeutic...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 13:59
We identified a novel way to recruit participants into a research registry by using an Emergency Department Research Associate (EDRA) Program. Research associates working in the Emergency Department at Strong Memorial Hospital approached patients and family members to enroll into the University of Rochester Research Participant Registry and for ResearchMatch.org. We found that 73% of individuals (574/781) approached agreed to register for either one or both registries. Those who registered were more...
Wed Oct 23, 2019 16:39
Abstract Positron Emission Tomography (PET) provides useful information in target engagement or receptor occupancy in brain for central nervous system (CNS) drug development, however dose selection for human PET study is challenging and largely empirical. Here we described a translational pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling work to inform dose selection for a human PET study of JNJ‐54175446, an CNS‐penetrating P2X7 receptor antagonist. Models were developed using data on monkey brain...
Wed Oct 23, 2019 13:24
Abstract Sodium channel blockers are used for the treatment of pain, but this is limited by the lack of selectivity for different sodium channel subtypes which can result in central nervous system and cardiovascular side effects. As such, there is special interest in the Nav1.7 subtype, which is expressed predominantly in nociceptive and sympathetic neurons. The aim was to demonstrate analgesic properties of a potent selective Nav1.7 sodium channel blocker, PF‐05089771, alone and concomitantly with...
Wed Oct 23, 2019 13:24
On April 4, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a supplemental new drug application for palbociclib (IBRANCE), to expand the approved indications in women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in combination with an aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant, to include men. Palbociclib was first approved in 2015 for use in combination with letrozole for the treatment of estrogen receptor...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 16:26
Purpose: In breast cancer (BC), response rates to immune therapies are generally low and differ significantly across molecular subtypes, urging a better understanding of immunogenicity and immune evasion. Experimental Design: We interrogated large gene-expression datasets including 867 node-negative, treatment-naïve BC patients (micro-array data) and 347 BC patients (whole-genome sequence and transcriptome data) according to parameters of T cells as well as immune micro-environment in relation to...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 16:26
Publication date: December 2019Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 123Author(s): Ralf Herold, Jorge Camarero, Daniela Melchiorri, Zigmars Sebris, Harald Enzmann, Francesco Pignatti
Thu Oct 24, 2019 21:57
Publication date: December 2019Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 123Author(s): Raghav Sundar, Alvin Ng, Hermioni Zouridis, Nisha Padmanabhan, Taotao Sheng, Shenli Zhang, Ming Hui Lee, Wen Fong Ooi, Aditi Qamra, Imran Inam, Lindsay C. Hewitt, Jimmy Bok-Yan So, Vivien Koh, Matthew G. Nankivell, Ruth E. Langley, William H. Allum, David Cunningham, Steven G. Rozen, Wei Peng Yong, Heike I. GrabschAbstractBackgroundDNA methylation signatures describing distinct histological subtypes of oesophageal...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 21:57
Publication date: December 2019Source: European Journal of Cancer, Volume 123Author(s): Lizza E.L. Hendriks, Christophe Dooms, Thierry Berghmans, Silvia Novello, Antonin Levy, Dirk De Ruysscher, Baktiar Hasan, Matteo Giaj Levra, Niccolo Giaj Levra, Benjamin Besse, Johan Vansteenkiste, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Lung Cancer GroupAbstractIntroductionSynchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) definition varies from...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 21:57
Publication date: Available online 23 October 2019Source: European Journal of CancerAuthor(s): Cyrill Géraud, Klaus G. Griewank
Thu Oct 24, 2019 21:57
Future Oncology, Volume 15, Issue 30, Page 3451-3456, October 2019.
Thu Oct 24, 2019 14:21
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is essential for developing cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Currently, three vaccines are available, which are effective as prophylaxis against HPV infection, however, limited knowledge exists about the possible effect of vaccinating women treated with conization to prevent recurrence. The aim of this study was to examine the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) after conization according to HPV vaccination status. Using Danish nationwide...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 19:10
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The name of “Eric Gelfand” was omitted.
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma with a 95% mortality rate with no improvement to treatment in decades, and new therapies are desperately needed. PEN-221 is a miniaturized peptide–drug conjugate (~2 kDa) designed to target SCLC via a Somatostatin Receptor 2 (SSTR2)–targeting ligand and to overcome the high proliferation rate characteristic of this disease by using the potent cytotoxic payload, DM1. SSTR2 is an ideal target for a drug conjugate, as it is overexpressed...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 16:55
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the function of lncRNA HEIH on promoting endometrial cancer cells’ tolerance of paclitaxel (PTX). LncRNA HEIH expression was measured by QRT-PCR in endometrial cancer tissues, human healthy tissues and cell lines. The PTX-resistant endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa-RE and HHUA-RE) were intermittently exposed to increase concentrations of PTX and were constructed as evidenced by MTT assay. Besides, the specific siRNA of HEIH (siHEIH) and...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 03:00
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2019Source: Practical Radiation OncologyAuthor(s): Alan T. Monroe
Thu Oct 24, 2019 17:32
Patients with N3 stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are at high risk for treatment failure. This study aims to assess the efficacy of maintenance chemotherapy (MC) using S-1 (MC-S1), a novel oral fluoropyrim...
Tue Oct 22, 2019 03:00
Publication date: December 2019Source: Cancer Epidemiology, Volume 63Author(s): A. Herbert, S. Winters, S. McPhail, L. Elliss-Brookes, G. Lyratzopoulos, G.A. AbelAbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of cancer through an emergency presentation is associated with worse clinical and patient experience outcomes. The proportion of patients with cancer who are diagnosed through emergency presentations has consequently been introduced as a routine cancer surveillance measure in England. Welcome reductions in this...
Thu Oct 24, 2019 20:35
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2019Source: Seminars in OncologyAuthor(s): Mark Klein, George Scaria, Apar GantiAbstractLung cancer is one of the most common and difficult to treat cancers. Veterans are disproportionately affected by lung cancer, as approximately 20% of all cancers diagnosed within the Veteran Affairs health system are lung cancers. Many Veterans have extensive comorbidities, and thus they are often excluded from clinical trials based on this and other eligibility criteria....
Thu Oct 24, 2019 15:41
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