Medical Image Analysis
- Segmentation and Quantification of Infarction without Contrast Agents via Spatiotemporal Generative Adversarial LearningPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Medical Image AnalysisAuthor(s): Chenchu Xu, Joanne Howey, Pavlo Ohorodnyk, Mike Roth, Heye Zhang, Shuo LiAbstractAccurate and simultaneous segmentation and full quantification (all indices are required in a clinical assessment) of the myocardial infarction (MI) area are crucial for early diagnosis and surgical planning. Current clinical methods remain subject to potential high-risk, nonrep
- MicroRNA-129-5p suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of retinoblastoma cells through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by targeting PAX6Publication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Pathology - Research and PracticeAuthor(s): Yang Liu, Guodong Liang, Hong Wang, Zengshan LiuAbstractBackgroundRetinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children. Accumulating evidences have clarified that microRNAs (miRNAs) modulated signaling molecules by acting as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes in RB. Thus, in our study, we aimed to investigate the func
- Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) promotes the EMT of serous ovarian cancer by activating the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway to increase the nuclear location of β-cateninPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: Pathology - Research and PracticeAuthor(s): Lin Zhou, Mu Luo, Li-juan Cheng, Ruo-nan Li, Bin Liu, Hua LinghuABSTRACTThe hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), a branch of glucose metabolism, provides a substrate for glycosylation modification, which has a wide-ranging effect on cellular functions. Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) has been reported to regulate the HBP as
- Diagnostic value of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysisPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: Pathology - Research and PracticeAuthor(s): Zheng Zhao, Yan Zhao, Yunxin Liu, Jianjun Zou, Yubing ZhuAbstractPurposeMounting studies has revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a key role in tumorigenesis and might serve as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. However, the diagnostic value of circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be precisely elucidated.MethodsAll relevan
Annals of Intensive Care - Latest Articles
Evolutionary Biology News -- ScienceDaily
- Scientists uncover genetic similarities among species that use sound to navigateInsect-eating bats navigate effortlessly in the dark and dolphins and killer whales gobble up prey in murky waters thanks in part to specific changes in a set of 18 genes involved in the development of the cochlear ganglion -- a group of nerves that transmit sound from the ear to the brain, according to a new study.
- Analysis of HIV-1B in Indonesia illuminates transmission dynamics of the virusResearch into the molecular phylogeny (evolutionary history) of the HIV-1B virus in Indonesia has succeeded in illuminating the transmission period and routes for three clades (main branches of the virus). This includes a clade thought to be unique to Indonesia, as well as clades that spread from Thailand, Europe and America in the 1970s and 1980s.
- Editorial BoardPublication date: 30 December 2019Source: Behavioural Brain Research, Volume 376Author(s):
- Electrical high frequency stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell does not modulate depressive-like behavior in ratsPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Anett Schumacher, Marlen Haegele, Jakob Spyth, Andreas MoserAbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective tool for treatment-resistant depression, though it is still unclear which brain area to target in order to get robust results. While research suggests that the nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in depression, studies using NAc DB
- Transient inhibition of the cerebellum impairs change-detection processes: Cerebellar contributions to sensorimotor integrationPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Andrew Danielle, J. Ibey Robyn, Staines W. RichardAbstractPatients with cerebellar lesions have shown altered responses to unpredictable stimuli. This finding has led to the belief that the cerebellum is involved in comparing incoming stimuli with previously experienced stimuli in order to predict and coordinate responses. The role of the cerebellum is t
- Lesions of the rat basolateral amygdala reduce the behavioral response to ultrasonic vocalizationsPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Lisa-Maria Schönfeld, Maurice-Philipp Zech, Sandra Schäble, Markus Wöhr, Tobias KalenscherAbstractRats emit vocalizations in the ultrasonic range (ultrasonic vocalizations; USVs), of which 50-kHz USVs could communicate positive affective states and induce approach behavior in conspecifics, whereas 22-kHz USVs might signal negative affective states and po
- Aggressive behavior and brain neuronal activation in sexually naïve male Mongolian gerbilsPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Yongliang Pan, Qingqing Zhu, Tianyang Xu, Zhongshan Zhang, Zuoxin WangAbstractAggressive behavior plays an important role in animal’s survival and reproductive success. Although there has been growing interests in studying neural mechanisms underlying aggressive behavior using traditional laboratory animal models, little is known about mechanisms control
- The potential Impact of COMT gene variants on dopamine regulation and phenotypic traits of ASD patientsPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Nora N. Esmaiel, Engy A. Ashaat, Rehab Mosaad, Alaaeldin Fayez, Mona Ibrahim, Zeinab Y. Abdallah, Mahmoud Y Issa, Sohair Salem, Abeer Ramadan, Maged A. El Wakeel, Neveen A. Ashaat, Maha S Zaki, Samira IsmailAbstractCatechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme has a major role in the adjustment of catechol-dependent functions, for example, cognition, cardia
- NS-<em>Pten</em> adult knockout mice display both quantitative and qualitative changes in urine-induced ultrasonic vocalizationsPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: Behavioural Brain ResearchAuthor(s): Matthew S. Binder, Dalton G. Jones, Samantha L. Hodges, Joaquin N. LugoAbstractThe NS-Pten knockout (KO) mouse exhibits hyperactivity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and is a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD presents with marked deficits in communication which can be elucidated by investigating their counterpart in mice, ultrasoni
Oncogenesis - nature.com science feeds
- CtBP—a targetable dependency for tumor-initiating cell activity and metastasis in pancreatic adenocarcinomaOncogenesis, Published online: 04 October 2019; doi:10.1038/s41389-019-0163-xCtBP—a targetable dependency for tumor-initiating cell activity and metastasis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
- ADA2 deficiency in a patient with Noonan syndrome‐like disorder with loose anagen hair: The co‐occurrence of two rare syndromesAbstract Noonan syndrome‐like disorder with loose anagen hair (NS/LAH) is one of the RASopathies, a group of clinically related developmental disorders caused by germline mutations in genes that encode components acting in the RAS/MAPK pathway. Among RASopathies, NS/LAH (OMIM 607721) is an extremely rare, multiple anomaly syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features similar to those observed in Noonan syndrome along with some distinctive
- Comparison between micro‐computed tomography and transverse microradiography of sound dentine treated with fluorides and demineralized by microcosm biofilmThe study aimed to apply micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) and transverse microradiography (TMR) to measure dentine demineralization and to test the preventive effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) under microcosm biofilm. Sound dentine specimens from bovine root were treated for 6 h with: (i) 4.0% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) varnish [pH 1.0, 2.45% fluoride (F−); (ii) 5.42% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish (pH 5.0, 2.45% F); (iii) 2% chlorhex
Ear and Hearing - Published Ahead-of-Print
- Rerouting Hearing Aid Systems for Overcoming Simulated Unilateral Hearing in Dynamic Listening SituationsObjectives: Unilateral hearing loss increases the risk of academic and behavioral challenges for school-aged children. Previous research suggests that remote microphone (RM) systems offer the most consistent benefits for children with unilateral hearing loss in classroom environments relative to other nonsurgical interventions. However, generalizability of previous laboratory work is limited because of the specific listening situations evaluat
- Evaluating the Effect of Training Along With Fit Testing on Premolded Earplug Users in a Chinese Petrochemical PlantObjectives: To gain insight into the current practice of hearing protection of Chinese workers and the value of hearing protection device (HPD) fit testing. Design: HPD fit testing was conducted on workers (N = 774) in a petrochemical plant in Eastern China who were on duty during the period of this study. The 3M E-A-Rfit Dual-Ear Validation System was used to measure the personal attenuation ratings (PARs) of a premolded earplug used at
- Acoustic Hearing Can Interfere With Single-Sided Deafness Cochlear-Implant Speech PerceptionObjectives: Cochlear implants (CIs) restore some spatial advantages for speech understanding in noise to individuals with single-sided deafness (SSD). In addition to a head-shadow advantage when the CI ear has a better signal-to-noise ratio, a CI can also provide a binaural advantage in certain situations, facilitating the perceptual separation of spatially separated concurrent voices. While some bilateral-CI listeners show a similar binaural
- Middle Ear Muscle Reflex and Word Recognition in “Normal-Hearing” Adults: Evidence for Cochlear Synaptopathy?Objectives: Permanent threshold elevation after noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, or aging is caused by loss of sensory cells; however, animal studies show that hair cell loss is often preceded by degeneration of synapses between sensory cells and auditory nerve fibers. The silencing of these neurons, especially those with high thresholds and low spontaneous rates, degrades auditory processing and may contribute to difficulties in understanding
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Management of patients with hereditary angio-oedema in dental, oral, and maxillofacial surgery: a reviewHereditary angio-oedema (HEA) is an autosomal dominant, life-threatening genetic disorder that is caused by insufficiency or dysfunction of the C1 esterase inhibitor that develops coincidentally with recurrent oedema in the skin, internal organs, and upper respiratory tract. Increased production of bradykinin secondary to increased plasma kallikrein activity is the primary cause of attacks. Dental procedures cause emotional stress and mechanical
- 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of Ovarian Mesothelioma: A Case StudyOvarian mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive tumor. Early diagnosis of the disease is difficult, delaying effective treatment. Here we report a 50-year-old woman who was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging to assess her newly detected left ovarian mass. The images not only demonstrated a hypermetabolic mass in the left ovary, but also several hepatic low densities with increased FDG uptake, which suggested ovarian malignancy with hepatic meta
- In Vivo Assessment of Tau Deposition in Alzheimer Disease and Assessing Its Relationship to Regional Brain Glucose Metabolism and CognitionAim In this study, we investigated the relationship of cerebral tau deposition (18F-tau-AD-ML 104 PET/CT) with glucose metabolism (18F-FDG PET/CT) and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Patients and Methods Seventy subjects (Mini Mental State Examination [MMSE] score
- Identification of Distant Metastases From Recurrent Gliosarcoma Using Whole-Body 18F-FDG PET/CTA 51-year-old man presented with recurrent gliosarcoma and increasing cough over the last months. On 18F-FDG PET/CT, solid lung masses with high 18F-FDG uptake were present. A biopsy taken from a lung lesion indicated distant metastases from gliosarcoma. Gliosarcoma, a rare malignant central nervous system tumor, presents with extracranial metastases in only less than 10%. As highlighted by this case, 18F-FDG PET/CT can be used for whole-body sta
- A Novel Application of [18F]Fluorothymidine-PET ([18F]FLT-PET) in Clinical Practice to Quantify Regional Bone Marrow Function in a Patient With Treatment-Induced Cytopenias and to Guide “Marrow-Sparing” Radiotherapy18F-Fluorothymidine-positron emission tomography with CT fusion ([18F]FLT-PET/CT) offers a unique and non-invasive method for three-dimensional localization and quantification of functional bone marrow. [18F]FLT-PET/CT has potential application in radiotherapy planning when risk of marrow toxicity is a significant clinical concern. In this patient with chemo-refractory, transformed lymphoma and treatment-induced cytopenias, [18F]FLT-PET/CT was a
- FDG PET/CT Image for a Rosai-Dorfman Disease With Pituitary and Bone Involvement in a Pediatric PatientRosai-Dorfman disease, also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare nonneoplastic histiocytic disorder that often involves the lymph nodes and occasionally the central nervous system or skeleton. However, the presence of extranodal Rosai-Dorfman lesions without lymphadenopathy is extremely rare. Here we present a case of a pathological confirmed Rosai-Dorfman disease with pituitary and skeletal involvement without lym
- Polyarteritis Nodosa With Reversible FDG Accumulation in Vessels and KidneysA 59-year-old man presented with fever and lower extremity myalgia. Laboratory studies revealed elevated C-reactive protein. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated FDG uptake not only in the brachial arteries, femoral arteries, and their main ramifications, which were equivalent to small- to medium-sized arteries but also in the kidneys. Angiography revealed a renal aneurysm, confirming the diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa. The increased FDG uptake in the
- Excellent Response to 177Lu-DOTATATE Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in a Patient With Progressive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Neuroendocrine Differentiation After 177Lu-PSMA TherapyProstate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation is associated with a poor prognosis, rapid disease progression, and treatment resistance, and constitutes a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. We present images of 177Lu-DOTATATE scan and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan conducted on a 65-year-old man with prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation, whose disease progressed despite conventional treatment and 177Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy; ho
- 18F-FDG PET/CT of Multiorgan Sarcoid-Like Reaction During Anti–PD-1 Treatment for MelanomaWe report a case of a 50-year-old woman treated with anti–PD-1 inhibition for metastatic melanoma. During treatment, extensive and transient histopathologically confirmed sarcoid-like reaction was detected in multiple organ systems and at different time points using 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Immune-related adverse events during anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment are increasingly being reported. This case report emphasizes the broad spectrum of poss
Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
- Intraluminal fluid infusion in a rat jejunum ischemia/reperfusion model is associated with improved tissue perfusion and less mucosal damageThis study used an experimental model mimicking early postoperative enteral feeding after transfer of free jejunal flap and tested the hypothesis that jejunal infusion with dextrose or saline is associated with improved tissue perfusion and/or less mucosal damage after ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury.
- “Perforator Branch Flaps”Modern microsurgical reconstruction aims to achieve functional and satisfactory esthetic outcome and the primary thinning procedure results in one-stage reconstruction. However, current techniques are lacking of preoperative knowledge of the peripheral perforator in the adipose layer.We hypothesized that combination of the knowledge of microvasculature and visualization of such small vessels in the adipose layer by Color Doppler ultrasonography (
otol rhinol
- Should Excess Topical Decongestant Use Raise a Red Flag? Rhinitis Medicamentosa and Opioid Use Disorder.Related ArticlesShould Excess Topical Decongestant Use Raise a Red Flag? Rhinitis Medicamentosa and Opioid Use Disorder. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2019 Oct 04;:3489419880576 Authors: Patel A, Levi JR, Brook CD Abstract OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether patients with rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) have an increased odds of having an opioid use disorder (OUD) and which charac
- Sterno-omohyoid Free Flap for Dual-Vector Dynamic Facial Reanimation.Related ArticlesSterno-omohyoid Free Flap for Dual-Vector Dynamic Facial Reanimation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2019 Oct 03;:3489419875473 Authors: Vincent AG, Bevans SE, Robitschek JM, Groom KL, Herr MW, Hohman MH Abstract BACKGROUND: Dynamic rehabilitation of longstanding facial palsy with damaged, atrophied, or absent facial muscles requires replacement of neural and muscular components. The ideal
- [Ectopic thyroid tissue after total thyroidectomy].Related Articles[Ectopic thyroid tissue after total thyroidectomy]. HNO. 2019 Oct 02;: Authors: Seitz D, Todt I, Boga E, Yasin A, Sudhoff H Abstract Ectopic thyroid gland tissue can occur either as the only detectable thyroid gland tissue or in addition to a normotopic thyroid gland. After a total thyroidectomy thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) can induce a compensatory volume increase of previously
- [Evidence-based diagnostic use of VEMPs : From neurophysiological principles to clinical application. German version].Related Articles[Evidence-based diagnostic use of VEMPs : From neurophysiological principles to clinical application. German version]. HNO. 2019 Oct 02;: Authors: Dlugaiczyk J Abstract BACKGROUND: Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are increasingly being used for testing otolith organ function. OBJECTIVE: This article provides an overview of the anatomical, biomechanical and neuro
- Secondary prevention measures in anaphylaxis patients: Data from the Anaphylaxis RegistryAbstract Background Patients with a history of anaphylaxis are at risk of future anaphylactic reactions. Thus, secondary prevention measures are recommended for these patients to prevent or attenuate the next reaction. Methods Data from the Anaphylaxis Registry were analyzed to identify secondary prevention measures offered to patients who experienced anaphylaxis. Our analysis included 7788 cases from 10 European countries and Brazil.
- Data‐driven step doses for drug provocation tests to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugsAbstract Introduction Hypersensitivity to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are of great concern because they are frequently encountered in daily clinical practice. Drug provocation tests (DPT) are particularly needed for NSAIDs. Methods The aim of this retrospective study was to detect eliciting dose thresholds during NSAIDs DPT in order to suggest optimal step doses, using the survival analysis method. Our secondary objec
- Voice Biometrics Security: Extrapolating False Alarm Rate via Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling of Speaker Verification ScoresPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: Computer Speech & LanguageAuthor(s): Alexey Sholokhov, Tomi Kinnunen, Ville Vestman, Kong Aik LeeAbstractHow secure automatic speaker verification (ASV) technology is? More concretely, given a specific target speaker, how likely is it to find another person who gets falsely accepted as that target? This question may be addressed empirically by studying naturally confusable pairs of speakers
G3: .Genes, Genomes, Genetics Mission - Online First Articles
- The Magnitude of Candida albicans Stress-Induced Genome Instability Results from an Interaction Between Ploidy and Antifungal DrugsOrganismal ploidy and environmental stress impact the rates and types of mutational events. The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans, serves as a clinically relevant model for studying the interaction between eukaryotic ploidy and drug-induced mutagenesis. In this study, we compared the rates and types of genome perturbations in diploid and tetraploid C. albicans following exposure to two different classes of antifungal drugs; azoles an
Society for Linguistic Anthropology
- Call for Papers: SLA 2020 Spring ConferenceAnnouncing the 2020 Spring Conference of the Society for Linguistic Anthropology “Future Imperfect: Language in Times of Crisis and Hope” April 2-5, 2020, Boulder, Colorado Submission Deadline: December 1, 2019 Contact email: slaboulder@gmail.com The Society for Linguistic Anthropology, in partnership with graduate students in the Program in Culture, Language, and Social Practice (CLASP) at the University of Colorado Boulder, is pleased t
International journal of basic and clinical endocrinology
- Enhancing the efficacy of 131 I therapy in non-toxic multinodular goitre with appropriate use of methimazole: an analysis of randomized controlled studyAbstract Purpose It is possible to raise the rate of the uptake of 131I in the thyroid gland (RAIU) by increasing the endogenous TSH level through appropriate use of methimazole (MMI) prior to 131I therapy. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of pre treatment with MMI on the efficacy of 131I therapy in non-toxic multinodular goitre (NMG).
- Characterization of GJB2 cis -regulatory elements in the DFNB1 locusAbstract Although most disease-causing variants are within coding region of genes, it is now well established that cis-acting regulatory sequences, depending on 3D-chromatin organization, are required for temporal and spatial control of gene expression. Disruptions of such regulatory elements and/or chromatin conformation are likely to play a critical role in human genetic disease. Hence, recurrent monoallelic cases, who presen
- Proliferation and Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Dental Pulp Cells Co-cultured in HydrogelPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: Archives of Oral BiologyAuthor(s): Chunyang Huang, Lirong Bao, Tian Lin, Yanling Lu, Yu WuAbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in three-dimensional co-culture system which was established with the help of bone morphogenetic protein-
- The stair step genioplasty: a modification of the oblique sagittal sliding genioplastyPublication date: Available online 5 October 2019Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): D.P. Tauro, R.S. Manay
- Exploring the relation between patients’ resilience and quality of life after treatment for cancer of the head and neckPublication date: Available online 5 October 2019Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): G. Clarke, Y.A. Asiedu, K. Herd, S. SharmaAbstractResilience, which is a measure of a patient's ability to recover from a traumatic event, varies among the general population, and previous studies have suggested that it has an important influence on a patient's quality of life. We conducted a study of patients treated for cancer of
- Management of patients with hereditary angio-oedema in dental, oral, and maxillofacial surgery: a reviewPublication date: Available online 4 October 2019Source: British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): T. UzunAbstractHereditary angio-oedema (HEA) is an autosomal dominant, life-threatening genetic disorder that is caused by insufficiency or dysfunction of the C1 esterase inhibitor that develops coincidentally with recurrent oedema in the skin, internal organs, and upper respiratory tract. Increased production of bradykinin seconda
- Splintless orthognathic surgery in edentulous patients—a pilot studyPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): J.P.T.F. Ho, R. Schreurs, F. Baan, J. de Lange, A.G. BeckingAbstractThe aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the accuracy and predictability of a splintless treatment protocol for edentulous patients undergoing orthognathic surgery in four consecutive cases. All operations were virtually planned, followed by computer-aided
- Implant-oriented navigation in orbital reconstruction part II: preclinical cadaver studyPublication date: Available online 3 October 2019Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAuthor(s): R. Schreurs, L. Dubois, J.P.T.F. Ho, C. Klop, L.F.M. Beenen, P.E.M.H. Habets, A.G. Becking, T.J.J. MaalAbstractIn orbital reconstruction, the acquired position of an orbital implant can be evaluated with the aid of intraoperative navigation. Feedback of the navigation system is only obtained after positioning of the implant:
bioRxiv Subject Collection: Evolutionary Biology
- Induction of hierarchy and time through one-dimensional probability space with certain topologies [NEW RESULTS]In a previous study, the authors utilized a single dimensional operationalization of species density that at least partially demonstrated dynamic system behavior. For completeness, a theory needs to be developed related to homology/cohomology, induction of the time dimension, and system hierarchies. The topological nature of the system is carefully examined and for testing purposes, species density data for a wild Dictyostelia community data are
- A new clustering method for building multiple trees using deep learning. [NEW RESULTS]Each gene has its own evolutionary history which can substantially differ from the evolutionary histories of other genes. For example, some individual genes or operons can be affected by specific horizontal gene transfer or hybridization events. Thus, the evolutionary history of each gene should be represented by its own phylogenetic tree which may display different evolutionary patterns from the species tree, or Tree of Life, that represents the
- Genome Elimination Mediated by Gene Expression from a Selfish Chromosome [NEW RESULTS]Numerous plants and animals harbor selfish B chromosomes that drive, or transmit themselves at higher-than-Mendelian frequencies, despite long-term fitness costs to the organism. Currently it is unknown how B chromosome drive is mediated, and whether B-gene expression plays a role. We used modern sequencing technologies to analyze the fine-scale sequence composition and expression of Paternal Sex Ratio (PSR), a B chromosome in the jewel wasp Naso
- No evidence for motion dazzle in an evolutionary citizen science game [NEW RESULTS]The motion dazzle hypothesis posits that high contrast geometric patterns can cause difficulties in tracking a moving target, and has been argued to explain the patterning of animals such as zebras. Research to date has only tested a small number of patterns, offering equivocal support for the hypothesis. Here, we take a genetic programming approach to allow patterns to evolve based on their fitness (time taken to capture) and thus find the optim
- A new clustering method for building multiple trees using deep learning. [NEW RESULTS]Each gene has its own evolutionary history which can substantially differ from the evolutionary histories of other genes. For example, some individual genes or operons can be affected by specific horizontal gene transfer or hybridization events. Thus, the evolutionary history of each gene should be represented by its own phylogenetic tree which may display different evolutionary patterns from the species tree, or Tree of Life, that represents the
- The consequences of surviving infection across the metamorphic boundary: tradeoff insights from RNAseq and life history measures [NEW RESULTS]The broad diversity of insect life has been shaped, in part, by pathogen pressure, yet the influence of injury and infection during critical periods of development is understudied. During development, insects undergo metamorphosis, wherein the organism experiences a dramatic shift in their overall morphology, and physiology. In temperate zones, metamorphosis is often directly followed by a developmental arrest called diapause, for which the insec
- Latitudinal variation in circadian rhythmicity in Nasonia vitripennis [CONFIRMATORY RESULTS]Many physiological processes of living organism show circadian rhythms governed by an endogenous clock. This clock has a genetic basis and is entrained by external cues such as light and temperature. Other physiological processes exhibit seasonal rhythms, that are also responsive to light and temperature. We previously reported a natural latitudinal cline of photoperiodic diapause induction in the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis in Europe and
Σάββατο 5 Οκτωβρίου 2019
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